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Period 1Starting out & Understanding ideas课时作业(一)基础训练单词拼写1We are currently _ (寻求) new ways of expanding our membership.答案：seeking2Where would be the best _ (位置) for the lights.答案：position3Share prices _ (暴跌) to an alltime low yesterday.答案：crashed4The building was completely _ (摧毁) by fire.答案：destroyed5We can _ (测量) the energy that food provides in calories.答案：measure单句语法填空1Of all the stars, the sun is the _ (close) to the earth.答案：closest由句子中表示比较范围的“Of all the stars”可知，应用形容词的最高级。2She spends the day rushing from one meeting to _.答案：anotherfrom one . to another . 为常用表达，意为“从一到另一”。3He _ (eventual) escaped and made his way back to England.答案：eventuallyeventually为副词，意为“最后”。4The _ (hard) you study at your English, the greater progress youll make.答案：harder“The比较级，the比较级”为常见的句型结构，意为“越，越”。5Thousands were forced to _ (migration) from rural to urban areas in search of work.答案：migrate不定式符号to后应用动词形式，migrate “迁居”，符合题意。6Aspirin is a simple but highly _ (effect) treatment.答案：effectivetreatment为名词，其前需用形容词修饰，effective表示“有效的”，符合句意。7There are no simple solutions _ the problem of overpopulation.答案：tosolution to “的解决办法”。8Yuri shows great _ (determine) to learn English well.答案：determination由设空前的great可知，此处应用名词。9Its _ (amaze) how quickly people adapt.答案：amazing此处需填形容词，且表示“令人惊奇的”，故填amazing。10In that case he didnt determine _ to do and where to go.答案：what本句中所填词作do的宾语，表示“什么”，故填疑问代词what。思维训练完形填空I saw my first butterfly of spring today. I was _1_ some food and other things into my house when suddenly the little lady _2_ right down in front of my face. _3_ stayed there for a long time, gently dancing in the air. She was so beautiful that my eyes became _4_ with tears and my heart _5_ with love. Then she left for some delicious flowers growing in my garden. I smiled, wiped my _6_， and thanked God for the wonder of life.Butterflies have held a _7_ place in my heart since I lost my mother who died of cancer when she was _8_ 55 years old. She _9_ to love the butterflies. And they would land near her while she worked in the _10_. She would even speak to them _11_ her musical voice. After she died I would _12_ her whenever I saw one of those gentle angels flying by. I even told my young children that every time they saw a _13_ dancing in the gentle wind, it was their grandmother saying “Hello” from _14_.When todays butterfly dropped in to say “_15_”， I once again felt a joy _16_ words. I felt like I was dancing on the clouds with my mother _17_ a thousand angels were singing.Someone may say that I am _18_ myself, but I know this isnt so. Cheating doesnt fill your heart with _19_. The next time you get your own “Hello” from heaven, just welcome it into your heart and _20_ it help you to be the loving person that God wants you to be.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。一只蝴蝶的出现，让作者想起了自己已经去世的母亲，作者把蝴蝶的飞舞理解为天堂的母亲对自己的问候。1A.throwing BcarryingCpacking Dbuying答案：B结合下文“some food and other things into my house”和选项可知，“我”是在将一些食物和其他东西搬到(carrying)屋子里，故答案为B。2A.flewBranCjumpedDclimbed答案：A由上文“I saw my first butterfly”可知，“我”看到了第一只蝴蝶，the little lady是指那只蝴蝶，此处指这只蝴蝶飞下来(flew)，停在了“我”的眼前，故答案为A。3A.IBIt CSheDHe答案：C根据前文“the little lady”可知，作者把那只蝴蝶称之为女士，故答案为C。4A.filledBburiedCcrowdedDcovered答案：A由第二段中的“She _9_ to love the butterflies.”和“After she died . flying by.”可知，作者是睹物思人，看到蝴蝶想起了已故的母亲，所以作者的眼中充满了(filled)泪水，故答案为A。5A.knockedBshockedCbeatDhit答案：C根据上文可知，此处表达的意思是睹物思人，看到蝴蝶后的另一个表现：因爱而心跳(beat)起来，故答案为C。6A.handBfaceCmouthDeyes答案：D根据前文“my eyes became _4_ with tears”可知，作者擦了擦眼睛(eyes)，感谢上帝给予生活的奇遇，故答案为D。7A.reliableBgratefulCofficialDspecial答案：D结合下文“since I lost my mother who died of cancer when she was _8_ 55 years old. She _9_ to love the butterflies”可知，由于母亲的喜欢，蝴蝶在作者心中有特殊的(special)位置。故答案为D。8A.alreadyBonlyCevenDstill答案：B根据“since I lost my mother who died of cancer when she was _8_ 55 years old”可知，母亲仅仅(only)55岁就患癌症去世，故答案为B。9A.usedBdevotedCturnedDdetermined答案：A由上文“I lost my mother who died of cancer”可知，母亲已经去世了，所以此处指母亲曾经(used to)喜爱蝴蝶，故答案为A。10A.gardenBkitchenCfactoryDlibrary答案：A根据前文“Then she left for some delicious flowers growing in my garden.”以及本句中的“she worked in the _10_”可知，此处应是在花园里(garden)，故答案为A。11A.byBinCatDwith答案：B根据下文“her musical voice”可知，作者要表达的是母亲用音乐般的声音与蝴蝶交谈，“用嗓音”用介词in，故答案为B。12A.visitBrequestCmissDupset答案：C母亲去世后，不论何时“我”看到蝴蝶飞过都会思念(miss)她，故答案为C。13A.girlBbeeCbirdDbutterfly答案：D承接上文叙述可知，此处指看到蝴蝶(butterfly)在风中跳舞，故答案为D。14A.dreamBhomeCnatureDheaven答案：D表述是去世的祖母来自天堂(heaven)的问候，故答案为D。15A.HelloBGoodbyeCThanksDSorry答案：A根据上文“it was their grandmother saying Hello from”可知，当这次蝴蝶来访并致以问候(hello)的时候，故答案为A。16A.behindBbeyondCbesideDbetween答案：B由下文“I felt like I was dancing on the clouds with my mother _17_ a thousand angels were singing.”可知，作者要表达的是再次感受到了一种无以言表(beyond words)的喜悦，故答案为B。17A.becauseBthoughCwhileDunless答案：C“我”感觉好像在云端跟妈妈一起跳舞，还有一千个天使在唱歌，表示“同时”用while，故答案为C。18A.beggingBcheatingCpersuadingDexpressing答案：B根据下文“Cheating doesnt fill your heart”可知，作者觉得别人都会认为她只是在欺骗(cheating)自己，故答案为B。19A.sadnessBhappinessCconcernDviolence答案：B由常识可知，欺骗并不能让一个人满心幸福(happiness)，故答案为B。20A.keepBgetCallowDlet答案：D此处指让它帮助你成为你想成为的充满爱的那个人，let sb. do sth.，故答案为D。阅读理解A fiveyearold dog named Kelsey has been praised as a hero for helping to save the life of her owner who slipped in the snow and broke his neck.The man, Bob, was alone when he left his Michigan farmhouse on New Years Eve to collect firewood. Expecting a journey of only several meters, Bob was wearing just long johns (衬裤), a shirt and slippers when he went outside, although the temperature was around 4 .After the accident, he was unable to move in the snow. Fortunately, Kelsey came to his assistance.“I was shouting for help, but my nearest neighbor is about 400 meters away, and it was 10：30 pm，” Bob explained. But my Kelsey came. By the next morning, my voice was gone and I couldnt yell for help, but Kelsey didnt stop barking.Kelseys companion kept him warm by lying on top of him. She licked his face and hands to keep him awake. “Kelsey kept barking but never left my side，” Bob recalled. “She kept me warm. I knew I couldnt give up and that it was my choice to stay alive.”Bob spent 20 hours in the freezing cold. When he finally lost consciousness, his dog kept barking. Finally, hearing the barking, Bobs neighbor discovered him at 6：30 pm on New Years Day and called the emergency services at once. When Bob arrived in hospital, his body temperature was below 21. However, doctors were surprised to find that he didnt have any frostbite (冻疮). They believed it was because of Kelseys determination to keep him warm. Dr Chaim Colen, the doctor who treated Bob, said, “Animals can help and his dog really saved him . He was very fortunate.”Bob said he was “enormously” grateful to both Dr Colen and his Kelsey. “They saved my life. They are truly heroes！”篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一只名叫Kelsey的5岁小狗帮助在雪中滑倒摔断了脖子的主人，挽救了主人的生命而被誉为英雄。1What happened to Bob on New Years Eve?AHe left his dog alone in his farmhouse.BHe was praised for saving a dog owner.CHe broke his neck and couldnt move.DHe heard his neighbors shouting for help.答案：C细节理解题。根据第一段中的“. to save the life of her owner who slipped in the snow and broke his neck”可知，Bob摔断了脖子；从第三段第一句“After the accident, he was unable to move in the snow.”可知，事故发生后，他在雪中不能动，故选C。2Why did Kelsey keep barking?ATo keep warm. BTo stay alive.CTo keep Bob awake. DTo seek help from others.答案：D细节理解题。根据第六段第二、三句“When he finally lost consciousness, his dog kept barking. Finally, hearing the barking, Bobs neighbor discovered him at 6：30 pm on New Years Day and called the emergency services at once.”可知，当他最终失去知觉时，他的狗仍在不停地叫。最后，Bob的邻居听到了狗叫，于新年那天下午六点半发现了他，并且立刻给急救部门打了电话。因此可知，狗一直叫是为了向他人求助，故选D。3How does Dr Chaim Colen feel about Kelsey?AHelpful. BFortunate.CGrateful. DFriendly.答案：A推理判断题。根据第六段中的“They believed it was because of Kelseys determination to keep him warm. Dr Chaim Colen, the doctor who treated Bob, said, Animals can help and his dog really saved him .”可知，Dr Chaim Colen认为Kelsey在救助她的主人的过程中起了关键作用，帮助很大，故选A。4What can be a suitable title for the text?AA Neckbreaking Accident BThe Magic NightCWarmth on a Winters Night DDetermination to Keep Alive答案：C标题判断题。纵观全文可知，本文讲述了一只名叫Kelsey的5岁小狗帮助在雪中滑倒并摔断了脖子的主人，在寒冷的除夕夜为主人取暖，挽救了主人的生命的故事，所以C项作文章标题贴切且准确，故选C。七选五(2017北京高考)Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month._1_One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. _2_ We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强) connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear.Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons (神经元) in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next day. _3_Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right. _4_ The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.If Tononis theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a nights sleep, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new informationour brains may have smaller room for new experiences.Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size. _5_ “You keep what matters，” Tononi says.AWe should also try to sleep well the night before.BIts as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.CSimilarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.DThe processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.EThats why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.F“Sleep is the price we pay for learning，” says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.GTononis team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究发现睡眠可以让记忆变得更好。1C首句指出每种动物都要睡觉，但原因仍然是个谜。接下来是具体例证，如实验室的老鼠被剥夺了睡眠，一个月内就会死亡，同样，人类如果连续几天不睡觉，就会生病。故选C。2E该段首句提出了第一个假设，睡眠帮助我们巩固新的记忆。与这个论点相呼应的例子是E项，该项中的that指代的就是前面的假设，也就是说，这个假设能够解释为什么学生在学习完如果有机会睡一觉，他们会在考试中发挥更好。3F由下段首句中的代词he可知，该空中必然包含一个人名，否则he就失去了所指对象，浏览各选项，可锁定F项和G项，但只有F项能与本段的内容衔接，也就是说，睡眠会帮助清除记忆，为新记忆腾出空间。按照研究人员Tononi的说法，“睡眠是我们为学习付出的代价”。4G该段首句说“现在我们有最直接的证据证明他的假设是对的”，那接下来应该是具体描述该证据。此外，该空后面一句话解释了实验的结果和意义。综合看来，只有G项符合语境，指出了研究团队、实验对象及实验内容。5B由最后一段第二句及空格后的“you keep what matters” (你记住要紧的事情)可知B项“这就好像是大脑在保存最重要的记忆”，符合语境。- 9 -
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