2022年考博英语-北京体育大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）套卷43

2022年考博英语-北京体育大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 翻译题Translate the following sentences from Chinese into English.国际足联宣布海外球迷观看7月13日决赛的最低门票价格是440美元（约台币288英镑）。支持者称，他成功的运动生涯以及对2012年伦敦奥运会做出的努力，足以令他拿到这项荣誉。髙尔夫运动己成为2016年奥运会比赛项目，因此，高尔夫运动及该运动的赞助商都将对关天朗寄以厚望，希望他能够进一步促进该运动蓬勃发展。2007年10月28日，足协在北京召开新闻发布会，宣布前法国女足主教练伊丽莎白洛伊塞尔就任中国女足主教练。不过每日邮报此前报道说，穆雷在2013年的新年嘉奖名单上刚刚拿到了大英帝国勋章，以表彰他获得奥运金牌并摘下美网公开赛桂冠，因此他在2014的嘉奖名单上会受到冷落。【答案】FIFA announced that the cheapest ticket for overseas fans for the final on July 13 is $440(about 288 pounds).Supporters said that his successful sports career and his efforts towards the London 2012 Olympics made him qualified to gain this honor.Golf has been included in the 2016 Olympic Games, so golf sports and its sponsors will place high expectations on Guan Tianlang, hoping he will promote the further development of golf.The football association held a news conference in Beijing and announced that France womens coach Elizabeth Loisel has been appointed as chief coach of Chinese womens football team in Beijing on October 28th, 2007.The Daily Mail reported that Murray was awarded an OBE in the 2013 New Years honours list in recognition of his Olympic gold medal and US Open Laurel, so would be left out in the 2014 New Years honours list.2. 单选题Mr. Smith （ ）with the government for thirty-seven years by the time he retires.问题1选项A.will workB.will have workedC.will be workingD.will have been worked【答案】B【解析】考查语法时态。根据句中“by+the time”可知，这里应为完成时，首先排除选项A和C；Mr. Smith和work之间构成主动关系，所以选项B正确。3. 单选题The role of the party system in American politics has always been （ ）.问题1选项A.a unity instead of dividingB.unifying instead of a divisionC.not to divide but to uniteD.not dividing but a union【答案】C【解析】固定搭配。根据固定句型 notbut “不是而是.”，可排除A和B选项。且前后结构需要保持一致，句意：政党制度在美国政治中所起的作用一直是团结而不是分裂。因此选项C符合题意。4. 单选题The suggestion that the mayor （ ）the prizes was accepted by everyone.问题1选项A.would presentB.presentC.presentsD.ought to present【答案】B【解析】语法（虚拟语气）题。suggestion 做主语的句子，是虚拟语气的用法，从句用should +动词原型，should可以省略。所以省略should的B选项正确。5. 单选题The clothes a person wears may express his （ ）or social position.问题1选项A.curiosityB.statusC.determinationD.significance【答案】B【解析】名词词义辨析题。A选项curiosity“好奇心，求知欲”;B选项status“地位，身份”;C选项determination “决心，果断，坚定”；D选项significance “（尤指对将来有影响的）重要性，意义”。根据表示并列的连词or和后面的名词“social position社会地位”确定B选项正确。6. 单选题He knows little of Chinese, to say（ ）of Chinese culture.问题1选项A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.somebody【答案】C【解析】固定搭配。something “某事”；anything “任何事”；nothing “没什么事”；somebody “某人”。又根据固定搭配say nothing of “更不用说了”，可知句意：他一点都不了解中文，更别说中国文化了。因此选项C符合题意。7. 单选题To save money for my education, mother often took on more work than（ ）for her.问题1选项A.it was goodB.what was goodC.was goodD.being good【答案】B【解析】考查名词性从句, than后面接名词或者名词性从句, 只有B项符合。8. 翻译题中国有关管理部门规定，现役运动员在备战北京奥运会期间，不得参加任何形式的社会活动。“生活质量”这个词不好下定义。它包含很广的范围，例如生活环境、健康、就业、 食品、家庭生活、教育、物质财富、休闲和娱乐，等等。亚运会，是一个在来自亚洲各地的运动员中举办的多项目体育赛事，每4年一届。该运动会受亚洲奥林匹克理事会(OCA)根据国际奥委会(IOC)的监督。父母、老师、工作同伴和大众媒体的传播者都能激发我们潜在的兴趣。例如，学校对于做游戏、参加体育活动和文化追求的鼓励的程度和方式很可能对学生休闲态度的形成产生影响。一场球赛由两个各出五人的球队组成，篮球运动既可在室内也可在室外的长方形场 地上进行。运动员可以通过运球在场地上移动，或者是边跑边传球，把球投进橘黄色的篮筐得分。【答案】Chinese authorities has banned its active athletes from taking part in any form of social activities in the run-up to Beijing Olympics.The term “quality of life” is hard to define. It covers a very wide range such as living environment, health, employment, food, family life, education, material wealth, leisure and entertainment, and so on.The Asian Games is a multi-sport event which holds every four years among athletes from all over Asia. The games are supervised by the Olympic Council of Asia (OCA) under the regulation of the International Olympic Committee (IOC).Parents, teachers in schools, fellow workers and mass media communicators are all capable of stimulating our potential interests. For example, the degree to which and the ways in which a school encourages participation in games, sports and cultural pursuits are likely to have an impact on the shaping of leisure attitudes on the part of the students.A basketball game, which can be hold in an oblong field either indoor or outdoor, usually consists of two teams of 5 players in each. When running in the field, players can carry or pass the ball. When the ball is threw into the orange basket, players can get points.9. 单选题M: Well, what did you think of Mr. Brokaws speech?W: I guess it was OK, but I was often in the dark in more ways than one!Q: What do we learn from the conversation?问题1选项A.The speech was given in the evening.B.The woman didnt quite understand the speech.C.The woman was somewhat in a dark place.D.The woman couldnt hear the speech clearly【答案】B【解析】对话中的“in the dark”的引申含义是女士没有听懂演讲，所以B选项正确。10. 单选题Not until shouted at the top of my voice（ ） his head.问题1选项A.that he turnedB.did he turnC.he didnt turnD.he had turned【答案】B【解析】考查倒装句的用法。Not until 放在句首时使用部分倒装主句倒装，从句不倒装。选项B符合题意。11. 单选题He was accompanied by his faithful friend and secretary, Mr. William Minns, （ ）.问题1选项A.without whom he never travelledB.without who he never travelledC.without him he never travelledD.he never travelled without him【答案】A【解析】语法题。根据句子结构和选项，可知空格中填入非限制性定语从句，可由介词without+关系代词引导，who和him不能用作关系代词引导定语从句，选项B和C可排除。句意：他忠实的朋友兼秘书威廉明斯先生，没有他经常陪同着他，每次旅游都会和他一起。因此选项A符合题意。12. 单选题Global warming is causing more than 300,000 deaths and about $125 billion in economic losses each year, according to a report by the Global Humanitarian Forum, an organization led by Kofi Annan, the former United Nations secretary general.The reports, to be released Friday, analyzed data and existing studies of health, disaster, population and economic trends. It found that human-influenced climate change was raising the global death rates from illnesses including malnutrition and heat-related health problems.But even before its release, the report drew criticism from some experts on climate and risk, who questioned its methods and conclusions.Along with the deaths, the report said that the lives of 325 million people, primarily in poor countries are being seriously affected by climate change. It projected that the number would double by 2030.Roger Pielke Jr., a political scientist at the University of Colorado, Boulder, who studies disaster trends, said the Forums report was “a methodological embarrassment” because there was no way to distinguish deaths or economic losses related to human-driven global warming amid the much larger losses resulting from the growth in populations and economic development in vulnerable regions. Dr. Pielke said the climate change is an important problem requiring our utmost attention.” But the report, he said, “will harm he cause for action on both climate change and disasters because it is so deeply flawed.”However, Soren Andreasen, a social scientist at Dalberg Global Development Partners who supervised the writing of the report, defended it, saying that it was clear that the numbers were rough estimates. He said the report was aimed at world leaders, who will meet in Copenhagen in December to negotiate a new international climate treaty.In a press release describing the report, Mr. Annan stressed the need for the negotiations to focus on increasing the flow of money from rich to poor regions to help reduce their vulnerability to climate hazards while still curbing the emissions of the heat-trapping gases. More than 90% of the human and economic losses from climate change are occurring in poor countries, according to the report.1.What is the finding of the Global Humanitarian Forum?2.What do we learn about the Forums report from the passage?3.What does Dr. Pielke say about the Forums report?4.What is Soren Adreasen s view of the report?5.What does Kofi Annan say should be the focus of the Copenhagen conference?问题1选项A.Rates of death from illnesses have risen due to global warming.B.Global temperatures affect the rate of economic development.C.Malnutrition has caused serious health problems in poor countries.D.Economic trends have to do with population and natural disasters.问题2选项A.It caused a big stir in developing countries.B.It was warmly received by environmentalistsC.It aroused a lot of interest in the scientific circles.D.It was challenged by some climate and risk experts.问题3选项A.Its statistics look embarrassing.B.It deserves our closets attention.C.It is invalid in terms of methodologyD.Its conclusion is purposely exaggerated问题4选项A.Its conclusions are based on carefully collected data.B.It is vulnerable to criticism if the statistics are closely examinedC.It will give rise to heated discussions at the Copenhagen conference.D.Its rough estimates are meant to draw the attention of world leaders.问题5选项A.How human and economic losses from climate change can be reducedB.How rich countries can better help poor regions reduce climate hazardsC.How emissions of heat trapping gases can be reduced on a global sale.D.How rich and poor regions can share responsibility in curbing global warming【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:C第4题:D第5题:B【解析】1.细节事实题。根据文章第一段第一句，“Global warming is causing more than 300,000 deaths and about $125 billion in economic losses each year, according to a report by the Global Humanitarian Forum”，可知全球人道主义论坛的一份报告显示，全球变暖每年导致30多万人死亡，造成大约1250亿美元的经济损失。可判断出全球人道主义论坛发现全球变暖导致疾病死亡率上升。因此选项A符合题意。2.细节事实题。文章第一二段主要提到了人道主义论坛报告的具体内容，第三段提到了相关态度和评价。根据文章第三段，“the report drew criticism from some experts on climate and risk, who questioned its methods and conclusions.”，可知这份报告招致了一些气候和风险专家的批评，他们对报告的方法和结论提出了质疑。可判断出这份报告受到了一些气候和风险专家的质疑。因此选项D符合题意。3.细节事实题。根据文章第五段， “Roger Pielke Jr.said the Forums report was a methodological embarrassment”，可知皮尔克=表示，该论坛的报告存在“方法论的尴尬”。可判断出Dr. Pielke在方法论上是无效的。因此选项C符合题意。4.细节事实题。根据文章第六段，“saying that it was clear that the numbers were rough estimates. He said the report was aimed at world leaders, who will meet in Copenhagen in December to negotiate a new international climate treaty.”，可知Soren Adreasen认为这份报告的数据只是粗略估计，是针对世界各国领导人，他们将在于12月在哥本哈根举行会议，就一项新的国际气候条约进行谈判。可判断出Adreasen认为报告的粗略估计是为了引起世界领导人的注意。因此选项D符合题意。5.细节事实题。根据文章最后一段，“Mr. Annan stressed the need for the negotiations to focus on increasing the flow of money from rich to poor regions to help reduce their vulnerability to climate hazards while still curbing the emissions of the heat-trapping gases.”，可知Annan强调，谈判需要把重点放在增加从富有地区流向贫困地区的资金问题上，以帮助他们降低面对气候灾害的脆弱性，同时减少温室气体的排放。可判断出Kofi Annan认为哥本哈根会议的重点应该放在富国如何才能更好地帮助贫困地区减少气候灾害的问题上。因此选项B符合题意。13. 单选题He denied（ ）to send out the signal at exactly 8 p. m.问题1选项A.having been tellingB.being toldC.to be toldD.having been told【答案】D【解析】deny后面一般接动名词, 所以首先排除选项C, denied为过去式, 所以被告知应该为过去完成且为被动语态, 所以选项D正确。14. 单选题It is time the nations of the world （ ）a halt to the manufacture of nuclear weapons.问题1选项A.would callB.callC.calledD.will call【答案】C【解析】考查固定用法。It is time( that) sb. did sth.意为“是做某事的时候了.”。句意：世界各国是时候停止制造核武器了。所以选项C正确。15. 单选题The dictator relied on abuse of its opponents （ ）on sounding reasoning.问题1选项A.more thanB.rather thanC.other thanD.better than【答案】B【解析】词组辨析题。more than不仅仅；rather than而不是；other than除了.不同于.；better than超过，好于.。句意：这个独裁者依靠的是辱骂反对者，而不是有力的说服。所以选项B正确。16. 单选题Most broadcasters maintain that TV has been unfairly criticized and argue that the power of the medium is （ ）.问题1选项A.grantedB.impliedC.exaggeratedD.remedied【答案】C【解析】动词词义辨析题。A选项grant “（尤指正式地或法律上）同意，准予”；B选项imply “暗示，说明”；C选项exaggerate“夸张，夸大”；D选项remedy “纠正，改进”。根据前一句句意“大部分广播机构认为，对电视的职责是不公平的”，确定and后面的句意应是“并且表示媒介的力量被夸大”。所以C选项正确。17. 单选题It was（ ）we had hoped.问题1选项A.more a success thanB.a success more thanC.much of a success asD.a success as much as【答案】B【解析】固定搭配。根据固定搭配more than “超过”，可排除选项C和D。又因为we had hoped 是一个完整的句子，所以用more than+句子，表示“超过”。句意：这是一次超过预期的成功。因此选项B符合题意。18. 单选题A report consistently brought back by visitors to the US is how friendly, courteous, and helpful most Americans were to them. To be fair, this observation is also frequently made of Canada and Canadians, and should best be considered North American. There are, of course, exceptions. Small-minded officials, rude waiters, and ill-mannered taxi drivers are hardly unknown in the US. Yet it is an observation made so frequently that it deserves comment.For a long period of time and in many parts of the country, a traveler was a welcome break in an otherwise dull existence. Dullness and loneliness were common problems of the families who generally lived distant from one another. Strangers and travelers were welcome sources of diversion, and brought news of the outside world.The harsh realities of the frontier also shaped this tradition of hospitality. Someone traveling alone, if hungry, injured, or ill, often had nowhere to turn except to the nearest cabin or settlement. It was not a matter of choice for the traveler or merely a charitable impulse on the part of the settlers. It reflected the harshness of daily life: if you didnt take in the stranger and take care of him, there was no one else who would. And someday, remember, you might be in the same situation.Today there are many charitable organizations that specialized in helping the weary traveler. Yet, the old tradition of hospitality to strangers is still very strong in the US, especially in the smaller cities and towns away from the busy tourist trails. I was just traveling through, got talking with this American, and pretty soon he invited me home for dinneramazing. Such observations reported by visitors to the US are not uncommon, but are not always understood properly. The casual friendliness of many Americans should be interpreted neither as superficial nor as artificial, but as the result of a historically developed cultural tradition.As is true of any developed society, in America a complex set of cultural signals assumptions, and conventions underlies all social interrelationships. And, of course, speaking a language does not necessarily mean that someone understands social and cultural patterns. Visitors who fail to translate cultural meanings properly often draw wrong conclusions. For example, when an American uses the word friend, the cultural implications of the word may be quite different from those it has in the visitors language and culture. It takes more than a brief encounter on a bus to distinguish between courteous convention and individual interest. Yet, being friendly is a virtue that many Americans value highly and expect from both neighbors and strangers.1.The word “observation” in the first paragraph most probably means （ ）.2.People in frontier settlements used to entertain travelers because these strangers would（ ）.3.Nowadays the tradition of friendliness to strangers（ ）.4.According to the passage, which of the following is true?5.From the last paragraph of the passage we have learned that（ ）.问题1选项A.attention.B.watchfulness.C.survey.D.opinion.问题2选项A.bring good news from outside world.B.help locals solve their problems.C.bring a change to the life in the settlements.D.requires a different definition.问题3选项A.is still prevailing.B.can rarely be seenC.is wading fastD.requires a different definition问题4选项A.People are still fond of traveling to remote places.B.Foreign travelers now keep away from busy tourist trails.C.There is no charitable organization in small cities.D.Foreign visitors to the US have trouble understanding Americans friendliness.问题5选项A.the ability of speaking a foreign language implies a better understanding of its cultureB.various virtues manifest themselves exclusively among friendsC.culture exercises a great influence on social interrelationshipsD.courteous convention and individual interest are closely interrelated【答案】第1题:D第2题:C第3题:A第4题:D第5题:C【解析】1.词义题。根据第一段的内容可知，“observation”指的是上文所提及的认为大多数美国人和加拿大人友好，礼貌和乐于助人的观点。所以选项D正确。2.推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可知，边境地区人们的生活通常是单调乏味的，所以他们喜欢招待旅行者或陌生人，因为这些陌生人和旅行者不仅带来了消遣，还带来了外部世界的消息。也就是说，给他们的生活带来了些许改变，所以选项C正确。选项A表述太片面；选项B和D在文中没有提及。3.事实细节题。根据第四段第二句“Yet, the old tradition of hospitality to strangers is still very strong in the US.”招待陌生人的古老传统在美国仍然非常盛行。选项A符合原文。4.事实细节题。根据第四段倒数第二句“Such observations reported by visitors to the US are not uncommon, but are not always understood properly.”到美国旅游的人持有这样的观点并不罕见，但并不总是能够正确的理解。也就是说，到美国来旅游的游客很难理解美国人的友好。选项D与原文表述一致，所以正确。5.推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，第一句为本段的主旨句“As is true of any developed society, in America a complex set of cultural signals assumptions, and conventions underlies all social interrelationships.”正如任何发达社会一样，在美国，一系列复杂的文化特征，信念和习俗构成了所有社会关系的基础。也就是说，文化对社会关系有很大的影响。选项C符合原文。19. 单选题He （ ）to my proposal.问题1选项A.has not still respondedB.has not responded yetC.has yet not respondedD.still has not responded【答案】D【解析】副词辨析题。yet和still都表示“还”的意思，但二者在句中的位置是不一样的。yet 一般位于句尾或句中，而still则通常在句中，排除B选项，另外，在否定句中，still可以位于否定结构之前，而yet却不能这样使用，排除A、C选项，因此，答案选D。20. 单选题Many teachers believe that the responsibilities for learning lie with the students. （1）a long reading assignment is given, instructors expect students to be familiar with the（2）in the reading even if they do not discuss it in class or take an examination. The（3）student is considered to be（4）who is motivated to learn for the sake of（5） , not the one interested only in getting high grader.Sometimes homework is returned（6） brief written comments but without a grade. Even if a grade is not given, the students is（7） for learning the material assigned. When research is（8） , the professor expected the student to take it actively and to complete with（9）guidance. It is the（10） responsibility to find books, magazines, and articles in the library. Professors do not have the time to explain（11） a university library works; they expect students,（12）graduate students, to be able to exhaust the reference（13） in the library. Professors will help students who need it, but（14）that their students should not be（15）dependent on them.问题1选项A.IfB.AlthoughC.BecauseD.Since问题2选项A.suggestionB.contextC.abstractD.information问题3选项A.poorB.idealC.averageD.disappointment问题4选项A.suchB.oneC.anyD.some问题5选项A.funB.workC.learningD.prize问题6选项A.byB.inC.forD.with问题7选项A.criticizedB.innocentC.responsibleD.dismissed问题8选项A.collatedB.distributedC.assignedD.finished问题9选项A.maximumB.minimumC.possibleD.practical问题10选项A.student sB.professor sC.assistant sD.librarian s问题11选项A.whenB.whatC.whyD.how问题12选项A.particularlyB.essentiallyC.obviouslyD.rarely问题13选项A.selectionsB.collectionsC.sourceD.origins问题14选项A.hateB.dislikeC.likeD.prefer问题15选项A.tooB.suchC.muchD.more【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:B第4题:B第5题:C第6题:D第7题:C第8题:C第9题:B第10题:A第11题:D第12题:A第13题:C第14题:D第15题:A【解析】（1）逻辑连接词。根据句子结构可知，空格中填入一个引导连接词引导状语从句，主句部分为instructors expect students to be familiar with，上一句提到布置一份很长的阅读作业，下一句提到老师希望学生们熟悉即使不在课堂上讨论或进行考试。可判断出前后两句存在假设关系，前一句为后一句的前提条件。选用if引导条件状语从句。句意