2022年考博英语-浙江工商大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）第25期

2022年考博英语-浙江工商大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 单选题Only by publishing at least five articles on top journals （ ）have the chance to be promoted to professors.问题1选项A.teachers canB.can teachersC.a teacher canD.can a teacher【答案】B【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。这里考查的是部分倒装结构。句子开头是only引导的状语结构，用来修饰整个句子时，空格部分主句的谓语动词应该使用部分倒装结构。故需要将情态动词和助动词提前。句意为：只有顶级期刊上发表至少五篇论文，老师们才有机会晋升为教授。因此选项B正确。2. 单选题Very few people could understand the lecture the professor delivered because its subject was very（ ）.问题1选项A.obscureB.indefiniteC.dubiousD.intriguing【答案】A【解析】【试题解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项obscure“昏暗的，朦胧的，不清楚的”；B选项indefinite“无限的，不确定的”；C选项dubious“可疑的，暧昧的”；D选项intriguing“用诡计取得，激起的兴趣”。根据空格前面句子的主语“its subjects它的主题”可知空格部分单词意思可能为“不清晰”，句意为：很少有人理解这位教授的演讲，因为演讲主题非常不清晰。故正确答案选A。3. 翻译题 The idea that a quick recession would purge the world of past excesses is ludicrous. The danger is, instead, of a slump, as a mountain of private debt in the US, equal to three times GDP topples over into mass bankruptcy. The downward spiral would begin with further decay of financial systems and proceed via pervasive mistrust, the vanishing of credit, closure of vast numbers of businesses, soaring unemployment, tumbling commodity prices, cascading declines in asset prices and soaring repossessions. Globalization would spread the catastrophe everywhere.【答案】 一个快速的经济衰退将会消除世界的无节制的想法是荒谬的。相反，随着大量私人债务（如在美国大量的私人债务等于美国国内生产总值的3倍）坍塌为大规模破产，这种危险就是衰退。随着金融体系进一步衰退，螺旋式下跌将会开始，然后通过遍布的不信任、信誉的消失、大量企业的倒闭、不断上升的失业率、大宗商品价格暴跌、资产价格狂跌和飙升的收回资产继续进行。全球化将会将这个大灾难扩散到全球所有地方。4. 单选题In selecting a material, the engineers interest is in its properties which determine how it will perform under the loads and condition （ ）it is subject.问题1选项A.whereB.to whichC.in whichD.which【答案】B【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。句意为：该工程师在选择材料时关注它的性能，其决定自身在负载和受限制的情况下将如何表现。根据关键词“the loads and condition”可知关系代词“where”不符合，再由subject一般构成“be subject to受制于”的固定搭配知B项“to which”正确。5. 单选题As a high-level executive （ ）a group of managers, you may find these guidelines helpful.问题1选项A.talkingB.speakingC.addressingD.discussing【答案】C【解析】【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项talk“说，谈话”；B选项speak“讲话，发言”；C选项address“演讲，致词”；D选项discuss“讨论”，四个选项意思相近，但是talk强调动作双方沟通，speak侧重单方的讲话，address指在某活动或者工作中的发言，句意为：当你作为高管向一群经理演讲时，你可能会发现这些指导方针很有帮助。故选项C更符合题意。6. 单选题Some studies confirmed that this kind of eye disease was （ ）in tropical countries.问题1选项A.prospectiveB.prevalentC.provocativeD.perpetual【答案】B【解析】【试题解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项prospective“未来的、预期的”；B选项prevalent“流行的、普遍的”；C选项provocative“刺激的、挑拨的”；D选项perpetual“永久的、永远的”，从句中关键词“eye disease眼疾，tropical countries热带国家”可联系到prevalent“流行的、普遍的”。句意为：一些研究证实这种眼疾在热带国家很普遍。故正确答案选B。7. 单选题The soldiers face was badly burned in the fire outbreak of a department store and he had to have skin （ ）.问题1选项A.transverseB.transplantedC.transcendedD.transferred【答案】B【解析】【试题解析】动词辨析题。A选项transverse“横向的、横切的”；B选项transplant“移植；迁移”；C选项transcend“胜过、超越”；D选项transfer“使转移、调任”。句子由and连接两个简单句，前半句意思是“士兵的脸在百货公司发生的火灾中严重烧伤”，再根据have sth. done的结构，推断空格部分单词要填过去分词形式。所以由后面关键词“skin皮肤”可知空格部分单词意思为“移植”，句意为：士兵的脸在百货公司发生的火灾中严重烧伤，需要植皮。故正确答案选B。8. 单选题Most of the flights have a baggage （ ）of 44 lbs per passenger.问题1选项A.budgetB.reservationC.allowanceD.limitation【答案】D【解析】【试题解析】考查名词辨析。A选项budget“预算”；B选项reservation“预约，预定”；C选项allowance“津贴，零用钱”；D选项limitation“限制，限度”。句意为：大多数航班乘客的行李限重44磅。limitation“限制，限度”符合题意，故答案为D。9. 单选题Grain （ ）are to guarantee the consumption of nonagricultural population and to cope with serious natural disasters.问题1选项A.savingsB.storagesC.stocksD.reserves【答案】D【解析】【试题解析】考查名词辨析。A选项savings“积蓄；节省物”；B选项storage“贮存”是不可数名词；C选项stocks“存货；股份”；D选项reserves“储备”。填一个名词做主语，Grain做其定语，由不定式的内容可知reserves“储备”符合题意，句意为：粮食储备是用来保证非农业人口消费和应对严重自然灾害的。故答案选D。10. 单选题The judge doesnt know whether the witness is telling the truth, but he will （ ）it.问题1选项A.identifyB.enforceC.distinguishD.verify【答案】D【解析】【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项identify“认出，鉴定”，多用于在众多物品中选出某一特定物品；B选项enforce“强迫，强化”；C选项distinguish“区别，辨别”；D选项verify“证实，查证，核实”。本句是but连接两个并列句子，根据前面的意思“法官不知道证人说的是否是真话”，推测后面空格部分填入的动词意思应该是“证实，证明”，11. 单选题I wish to ask for a leave tomorrow,（ ） ?问题1选项A.shall IB.will IC.may ID.would I【答案】C【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。表示请求对方许可，四个选项中只有may I可以，句意为：我想明天请假，可以吗？故答案选C。12. 单选题When you fill in the application form, please use your （ ）address so that we can contact you easily later.问题1选项A.policyB.plainC.permanentD.principal【答案】C【解析】【试题解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项policy“政策，方针”；B选项plain“平的，简单的”；C选项permanent“永久的，永恒的”；D选项principal“主要的；资本的”。句意为：当您填写申请表时，请使用您的固定地址，以便我们以后容易联系您。C选项permanent“永久的，永恒的”符合语境，正确答案选C。13. 单选题 It was 1961, and I was in the fifth grade. My marks in school were miserable and, the thing was, I didnt know enough to really care. My older brother and I lived with Mom in a dingy multi-family house in Detroit. We watched TV every night. The background noise of our lives was gunfire and horses hoofs from “Wagon Train” or “Cheyenne” and laughter from “I Love Lucy”, or “Mister Ed”. After supper, wed sprawl on Moms bed and stare for hours at the tube. But one day Mom changed our world forever. She turned off the TV. Our mother had only been able to get through third grade. But, she was much brighter and smarter than we boys knew at the time. She had noticed something in the suburban houses she cleaned books. So she came home one day, snapped off the TV, sat us down and explained that her sons were going to make something of themselves. “You boys are going to read two books every week,” she said. “And youre going to write me a report on what you read.” We moaned and complained about how unfair it was. Besides, we didnt have any books in the house other than Moms Bible. But she explained that we would go where the books were: “Ill drive you to the library.” So pretty soon there were these two peevish boys sitting in her white 1959 Oldsmobile on their way to Detroit Public Library. I wandered reluctantly among the childrens books. I loved animals, so when I saw some books that seemed to be about animals, I started leafing through them. The first book I read clear through was Chip the Dam Builder. It was about beavers. For the first time in my life I was lost in another world. No television program had ever taken me so far away from my surroundings as did this verbal visit to a cold stream in a forest and these animals building a home. It didnt dawn on me at the time, but the experience was quite different from watching TV. There were images forming in my mind instead of before my eyes. And I could return to them again and again with the flip of a page. Soon I began to look forward to visiting this hushed sanctuary from my other world. I moved from animals to plants, and then to rocks. Between the covers of all those books were whole worlds, and I was free to go anywhere in them. Along the way a funny thing happened: I started to know things. Teachers started to notice it too. I got to the point where I couldnt wait to get home to my books. Now my older brother is an engineer and I am chief of pediatric neurosurgery at John Hopkins Childrens Center in Baltimore. Sometimes I still cant believe my lifes journey, from a failing and indifferent student in a Detroit public school to this position, which takes me all over the world to teach and perform critical surgery. But I know when the journey began the day Mom snapped off the TV set and put us in her Oldsmobile for that drive to the library.1. We can learn from the beginning of the passage that （ ）.2. Which of the following is NOT true about the authors family?3. The mother was to （ ）make her two sons switch to reading books.4. How did the two boys feel about going to the library at first?5. The author began to love books for the following reasons EXCEPT that（ ）.问题1选项A.the author and his brother had done poorly in schoolB.the author had realized how important schooling wasC.the author had been very concerned about his school workD.the author had spent much time watching TV after school问题2选项A.His mother worked as a cleaner.B.He came from a middle-class family.C.He came from a single-parent family.D.His mother had received little education.问题3选项A.hesitantB.determinedC.reluctantD.unprepared问题4选项A.They were afraid.B.They were reluctant.C.They were indifferent.D.They were eager to go.问题5选项A.he began to see something in his mindB.he could go back to read the books againC.he could visualize what he read in his mindD.he realized that books offered him new experience【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:B第4题:B第5题:B【解析】1.【试题答案】D【试题解析】细节事实题。定位到文章第一段“It was 1961, and I was in the fifth grade. My marks in school were miserable and, the thing was, I didnt know enough to really care. We watched TV every night. 那是1961年，我在五年级。我在学校的成绩很糟糕，问题是，我还并不在意我们每天晚上看电视。”可知选项D符合题意。2.【试题答案】B【试题解析】推理判断题。定位到第一段“My older brother and I lived with Mom in a dingy multi-family house in Detroit. 我和我的哥哥和妈妈住在底特律一个昏暗的多户人家共同居住的房子里。”可知作者家境并不好，故答案选B。3.【试题答案】B【试题解析】推理判断题。文章第二三段描述了作者的母亲回到家关上电视要让他们开始读书，每周读两本并写报告，家里没书就开车送他们去图书馆等等，由此可知母亲是下定决心让儿子们读书，因此答案选B。4.【试题答案】B【试题解析】细节事实题。定位到文章第四段“So pretty soon there were these two peevish boys sitting in her white 1959 Oldsmobile on their way to Detroit Public Library. 所以很快就有两个坏脾气的男孩坐在她的白色1959年的奥兹莫比尔汽车上，在去底特律公共图书馆的路上。”可知他们不情愿去图书馆，故答案选B。5.【试题答案】B【试题解析】推理判断题。定位到文章第六段“It didnt dawn on me at the time, but the experience was quite different from watching TV. There were images forming in my mind instead of before my eyes. And I could return to them again and again with the flip of a page. 当时我并没有意识到这一点，但这段经历和看电视完全不同。在我的脑海里形成了一些图像，而不是在我眼前。我可以翻过一页，一次又一次地回到他们身边。”可知作者爱上读书是因为书能给他全新的感受，让他浮想联翩，而不是因为他能反复地读这些书，因此答案选B。14. 单选题Giving a gift can convey a wealth of meaning about your appreciation of their （ ）and the importance you place upon the relationship.问题1选项A.solidarityB.priorityC.superiorityD.hospitality【答案】D【解析】【试题解析】考查名词辨析。A选项solidarity“团结”；B选项priority“优先”；C选项superiority“优越，优越性”；D选项hospitality“热情”，句子的主语是“giving a gift赠送礼物”，about介词，意思是“关于”，根据空格前后是一个of短语的所有格结构，这里判断空格部分单词意思为“热情，好客”，句意为：赠送礼物能表达你对别人盛情款待的感激之情和你对别人的重视。和选项D意思接近。15. 单选题All the students have to to （ ）the rules and regulations of the school.问题1选项A.confirmB.confrontC.conformD.confine【答案】C【解析】【试题解析】考查名词辨析。A选项confirm“确定，确认”；B选项confront“面对，遭遇”；C选项conform“符合，遵照”；D选项confine“限制，禁闭”。由关键词“the rules and regulations规章制度”可知空格部分单词意思为“遵守，遵循”，句意为：所有的学生都要遵守学校的规章制度。选项C意思与之相近。16. 单选题The trade unions in this industry are （ ）any reduction in wages.问题1选项A.objecting againstB.opposed toC.resisting againstD.reacted to【答案】B【解析】【试题解析】考查固定搭配。根据句中关键词“any reduction in wages工资的任何减少”和四个选项的对应构成选择固定搭配“be opposed to sth反对某事”的B项正确。英语中一般不用“object against”或“resist against”的搭配；英语中没有“be reacted to sth.”这种搭配，一般用“reacted to sth.对某事起反应”。句意为：这个行业的工会反对任何减薪。故正确答案选B。17. 翻译题 My dictionary defines happy as “lucky” or “fortunate”, but I think a better definition of happiness is “the capacity for enjoyment.” The more we can enjoy what we have, the happier we are. Its easy to overlook the pleasure we get from loving and being loved, the company of friends, the freedom to live where we please, even good health. I added up my little moments of pleasure yesterday. First there was sheer bliss when I shut the last lunchbox and had the house to myself. Then I spent an uninterrupted morning writing, which I love. When the kids came home, I enjoyed their noise after the quirt of the day. Later, peace descended again, and my husband and I enjoyed another pleasureintimacy. Sometimes just the knowledge that he wants me can bring me joy.【答案】 我的字典把幸福定义为“幸运”或“好运”。但是我想幸福更好的定义是“享受的能力”。 我们越能享受所拥有的一切，我们就越快乐。我们很容易忽视从爱与被爱、朋友的陪伴、住在想住的地方的自由，甚至健康的身体中获得的快乐。 我总结一下我昨天的幸福时刻：首先是我合上最后一个午餐饭盒，独自在家时，我感到无比幸福；然后过了一个写作不受干扰的上午，这令我愉快；等到孩子们回家，我享受安静的一天过后他们吵闹的声音。不久，宁静再次降临，我和丈夫享受另一种快乐亲密。有时候，只要想到他需要我，就能给我带来快乐。18. 单选题Little （ ）how happy I had been.问题1选项A.she had realizedB.did she realizeC.she realizedD.has she realized【答案】B【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。当否定词little位于句首时后面的句子要进行主谓倒装，且由句中关键词“had been（过去完成时态）”的对应知这里应用一般过去时态，故B项“did he realize”正确。19. 单选题The school authority （ ）professor Watson that he would get one million in 5 years.问题1选项A.ensuredB.assuredC.insuredD.sured【答案】B【解析】【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项ensure“确保，保证”；B选项assured“使确信；弄清”；C选项insure“确保，保证；给保险”；没有sured这个词。缺谓语动词，由主语The school authority“学校当局”和professor Watson和that he would get one million in 5 years 的关系可知assured“使（某人）确信（某事）”符合题意，句意为：校方向沃森教授保证，他将在5年内获得100万。故答案选B。20. 单选题In War Times, many weak nations were（ ）by the powerful ones.问题1选项A.monopolizedB.absorbedC.combinedD.engaged【答案】A【解析】【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项monopolize“完全控制”；B选项absorb“吸收；吸引；掌握”；C选项combine“联合，结合”；D选项engage“参与；吸引（兴趣）”。填入过去分词构成被动语态，由weak nations和the powerful ones的关系可知monopolize“完全控制”的分词monopolized符合题意，句意为：在战争时期，许多弱小的国家都被强大的国家控制。故答案选A。