2022年考博英语-国防科技大学考试题库及模拟押密卷16（含答案解析）

2022年考博英语-国防科技大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题The difference between the polar and equatorial diameters of Mars has not been unequivocally determined.问题1选项A.definitelyB.arithmeticallyC.polemicallyD.copiously【答案】A【解析】考查副词辨析。题干unequivocally“明确地，毫不含糊地”。A项“确切地，明确地”，B项“算术上”，C项“争论地”，D项“丰富地；充裕地”。所以选A。句意：尚未明确确定火星的极地直径与赤道直径之间的差异。2. 单选题Why do we have to consider _ cases when we have actual case histories which we may examine?问题1选项A.hypocriticalB.hypotheticalC.iconoclasticD.imminent【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项hypocritical表示“虚伪的，伪善的”，B项hypothetical表示“假设的，爱猜想的”，C项iconoclastic表示“打破旧习的，偶像破坏的”，D项imminent表示“即将来临的，迫近的”。根据句子可知，空格处应该是填入一个和actual（实际的，真实的）相对的词语，四个选项中只有B项符合。句意：当我们有实际案例记录可以检验时，为什么我们还要考虑假设性的情况？因此，该题选择B项正确。3. 单选题Farmers streamed to the west, filling frontier lands with stunning rapidity.问题1选项A.predictableB.impressiveC.famousD.gradual【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项predictable“可预言的”，B项impressive“给人以深刻印象的”，C项famous“著名的，极好的”，D项gradual“逐渐的，平缓的”。句意：农民们涌向西部，以惊人的速度填满了边境土地。stunning在句中表示“惊人的”，四个选项中意思与之相近的是B项。因此，该题选择B项。4. 单选题I disagree with the abhorrent way you use other people.问题1选项A.loathsomeB.wholesomeC.disgustedD.ghastly【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项loathsome“令人厌恶的，讨厌的”，B项wholesome“健全的，有益健康的”，C项disgusted“憎恶的，反感的”，D项ghastly“可怕的，惨白的”。句意：我不同意你可恶地利用别人。根据句意可知，abhorrent在句中表示“可恶的”。因此，该题选择A项。5. 单选题The shift from silent to sound film at the end of the 1920s marks, so far, the most important transformation in motion picture history. Despite all the highly visible technological developments in theatrical and home delivery of the moving image that have occurred over the decades since then, no single innovation has come close to being regarded as a similar kind of watershed. In nearly every language, however the words are phrased, the most basic division in cinema history lies between films that are mute and films that speak.Yet this most fundamental standard of historical periodization conceals a host of paradoxes. Nearly every movie theater, however modest, had a piano or organ to provide musical accompaniment to silent pictures. In many instances, spectators in the era before recorded sound experienced elaborate aural presentations alongside movies visual images, from the Japanese benshi (narrators) crafting multivoiced dialogue narratives to original musical compositions performed by symphony-size orchestras in Europe and the United States. In Berlin, for the premiere performance outside the Soviet Union of The Battleship Potemkin, film director Sergei Eisenstein worked with Austrian composer Edmund Meisel (1874-1930) on a musical score matching sound to image; the Berlin screenings with live music helped to bring the film its wide international fame.Beyond that, the triumph of recorded sound has overshadowed the rich diversity of technological and aesthetic experiments with the visual image that were going forward simultaneously in the 1920s. New color processes, larger or differently shaped screen sizes, multiple-screen projections, even television, were among the developments invented or tried out during the period, sometimes with startling success. The high costs of converting to sound and the early limitations of sound technology were among the factors that suppressed innovations or retarded advancement in these other areas. The introduction of new screen formats was put off for a quarter century, and color, though utilized over the next two decades for special productions, also did not become a norm until the 1950s.Though it may be difficult to imagine from a later perspective, a strain of critical opinion in the 1920s predicted that sound film would be a technical novelty that would soon fade from sight, just as had many previous attempts, dating well back before the First World War, to link images with recorded sound. These critics were making a common assumptionthat the technological inadequacies of earlier efforts (poor synchronization, weak sound amplification, fragile sound recordings) would invariably occur again. To be sure, their evaluation of the technical flaws in 1920s sound experiments was not so far off the mark, yet they neglected to take into account important new forces in the motion picture field that, in a sense, would not take no for an answer.These forces were the rapidly expanding electronics and telecommunications companies that were developing and linking telephone and wireless technologies in the 1920s. In the United States, they included such firms as American Telephone and Telegraph, General Electric, and Westinghouse. They were interested in all forms of sound technology and all potential revenues for commercial exploitation. Their competition and collaboration were creating the broadcasting industry in the United States, beginning with the introduction of commercial radio programming in the early 1920s. With financial assets considerably greater than those in the motion picture industry, and perhaps a wider vision of the relationships among entertainment and communications media, they revitalized research into recording sound for motion pictures.In 1929 the United States motion picture industry released more than 300 sound filmsa rough figure, since a number were silent films with music tracks, or films prepared in dual versions, to take account of the many cinemas not yet wired for sound. At the production level, in the United States the conversion was virtually complete by 1930. In Europe it took a little longer, mainly because there were more small producers for whom the costs of sound were prohibitive, and in other parts of the world problems with rights or access to equipment delayed the shift to sound production for a few more years (though cinemas in major cities may have been wired in order to play foreign sound films). The triumph of sound cinema was swift, complete, and enormously popular.46. According to paragraph 1, which of the following is the most significant development in the history of film?47. Why does the author mention “Japanese benshi” and “original musical compositions”?48. The underlined word “overshadowed” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _.49. Which of the following accounts for the delay in the conversion to sound films in Europe?问题1选项A.The technological innovation of sound film during the 1920s.B.The invention of a method for delivering movies to peoples home.C.The development of a technology for translating films into other languages.D.The technological improvements allowing clearer images in films.问题2选项A.To suggest that audiences preferred other forms of entertainment to film before the transition to sound in the 1920s.B.To provide examples of some of the first sounds that were recorded for film.C.To indicate some ways in which sound accompanied film before the innovation of sound in the late 1920s.D.To show how the use of sound in films changed during different historical periods.问题3选项A.distracted fromB.explainedC.conductedD.coordinated with问题4选项A.European producers often lacked knowledge about the necessary equipment for the transition to sound films.B.Smaller European producers were often unable to afford to add sound to their films.C.It was often difficult to wire older cinemas in the major cities to play sound films.D.Smaller European producers believed that silent films with music accompaniment were aesthetically superior to sound films.【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:A第4题:B【解析】46.【试题答案】A【试题解析】细节事实题。题干意思是“根据第一段，下面哪个是电影史上最重要的发展？”。根据第一段第一句The shift from silent to sound film at the end of the 1920s marks, so far, the most important transformation in motion picture history.（20世纪20年代末，无声电影向有声电影的转变标志着电影史上迄今为止最重要的转变。）可知，电影史上最重要的发展是从无声电影到有声电影的转变，A项“20世纪20年代有声电影的技术革新”正确。由第二句话Despite all the highly visible technological developments in theatrical and home delivery of the moving image that have occurred over the decades since then, no single innovation has come close to being regarded as a similar kind of watershed.（尽管从那以后的几十年里，在戏剧和家庭中移动影像的传输方面出现了所有高度可见的技术发展，但没有任何一项创新能够被视为类似的分水岭。）可知，B项“一种把电影送到人们家里的方法的发明”、C项“将电影翻译成其他语言的技术的发展”和D项“技术的改进使电影中的图像更加清晰”都不是。因此，该题选择A项正确。47.【试题答案】C【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“为什么作者提及日本配音师和原创音乐作品？”。根据题干关键词定位到文章第二段第三句In many instances, spectators in the era before recorded sound experienced elaborate aural presentations alongside movies visual images, from the Japanese benshi (narrators) crafting multivoiced dialogue narratives to original musical compositions performed by symphony-size orchestras in Europe and the United States.（在许多情况下，在有声电影出现之前的时代，观众在体验电影视觉图像的同时，也体验了精心制作的听觉呈现，从日本配音师，即叙述者，制作的多声音对话叙事到欧美交响乐团演奏的原创音乐作品。），从中我们可以推断，在有声电影出现之前，观众在观看无声电影时，也能够体验到精心制作的听觉呈现，包括对话叙事和原创音乐，这是说明声音陪伴电影的方式，C项“指出在20世纪20年代后期声音发明之前，声音陪伴电影的一些方式”符合题意，由此也可知A项“暗示在20世纪20年代向有声电影过渡之前，观众更喜欢其他形式的娱乐”错误。B项“提供一些为电影录制的最初声音的例子”，提供例子的目的本身就是为了说明有声电影之前，声音陪伴电影的一些方式，该项不正确；D项“展示电影中声音的使用在不同的历史时期是如何变化的”，第二段并没有论述历史时期的变化，D项错误。因此，该题选择C项正确。48.【试题答案】A【试题解析】语义推测题。题干意思是“第三段中下划线的单词overshadowed的意思与最接近”。根据题干定位到第三段第一句Beyond that, the triumph of recorded sound has overshadowed the rich diversity of technological and aesthetic experiments with the visual image that were going forward simultaneously in the 1920s.（除此之外，录制声音的胜利已经20世纪20年代同时发展的视觉图像技术和美学实验的丰富多样性），第一段提到20世纪20年代发生了电影史上最大的转变，即从无声电影向有声电影转变，那么可以推测，这里的overshadowed指的是：录制声音的胜利已经盖过/超过了20世纪20年代同时发展的一些技术，那么四个选项中意思与之相近的是A项“转移，使从分心”。B项“解释”、C项“引导，指挥”和D项“使协调，配合”都不符合。因此，该题选择A项正确。49.【试题答案】B【试题解析】细节事实题。题干意思是“下列哪项解释了欧洲电影向有声电影转变的延迟？”。根据最后一段中的In Europe it took a little longer, mainly because there were more small producers for whom the costs of sound were prohibitive（在欧洲花的时间要长一些，主要是因为有更多的小制作者，对他们来说声音成本高得令人望而却步）可知，欧洲电影向有声电影转变的推迟是因为声音成本太高，小的制片人负担不起，B项“较小的欧洲制片人往往无力为他们的电影添加声音”正确。A项“欧洲制片人往往缺乏向有声电影过渡所需设备的知识”和D项“较小的欧洲制片人认为有音乐伴奏的无声电影在美学上优于有声电影”没有提到；由and in other parts of the world problems with rights or access to equipment delayed the shift to sound production for a few more years (though cinemas in major cities may have been wired in order to play foreign sound films)（在世界的其他地方，由于权利和设备的问题，声音制作的转变又推迟了几年，尽管大城市的电影院可能已经安装了设备以播放外国有声电影。）可知，C项“给大城市里的老电影院安装电线播放有声电影常常是困难的”并不符合原文。因此，该题选择B项正确。6. 单选题The economic depression in the late-nineteenth-century United States (31) significantly to a growing movement in literature toward realism and naturalism. After the 1870s, a number of important authors began to reject the romanticism that had (32) immediately following the Civil War of 1861-1865 and turned (33) to realism. (34) to portray life as it was, with (35) to real life and accurate representation without idealization, they studied local dialects, wrote stories which focused on life in specific regions of the country, and emphasized the “true” relationships between people. In doing so, they reflected broader trends in the society, (36) industrialization, evolutionary theory which emphasized the effect of the environment on humans, and the influence of science.Realists such as Joel Chandler Harris and Ellen Glasgow depicted life in the South, Hamlin Garland described life on the Great Plains, and Sarah Orne Jewett wrote about everyday life in rural New England. Another realist, Bret Harte, achieved fame (37) stories that portrayed local life in the California mining camps.Samuel Clemens, who (38) the pen name Mark Twain, became the countrys most outstanding realist author, observing life around him with a humorous and skeptical eye. In his stories and novels, Twain drew on his own experiences and used dialect and common speech instead of (39) language, touching (40) a major change in American prose style.Other writers became impatient even with realism. Pushing evolutionary theory to its limits, they wrote of a world in which a cruel and merciless environment determined human fate. These writers, called naturalists, often focused on economic hardship, studying people struggling with poverty, and other aspects of (41) and industrial life. Naturalists brought to their writing a passion for direct and honest experience.Theodore Dreiser, the foremost naturalist writer, in novels such as Sister Carrie, (42) portrayed a dark world in which human beings were (43) by forces (44) their understanding or control. Dreiser thought that writers should tell the truth about human affairs, not (45) romance, and Sister Carrie, he said, was “not intended as a piece of literary craftsmanship, but was a picture of conditions.”问题1选项A.dedicatedB.contributedC.fabricatedD.deliberated问题2选项A.debauchedB.weakenedC.enfeebledD.prevailed问题3选项A.againstB.insteadC.overD.forward问题4选项A.DeterminedB.DetermineC.DeterminingD.To determine问题5选项A.deceptionB.fantasyC.realizationD.fidelity问题6选项A.with regard toB.in terms ofC.such asD.regardless of问题7选项A.withB.onC.byD.about问题8选项A.createdB.innovatedC.adoptedD.renewed问题9选项A.literalB.literateC.literaryD.literature问题10选项A.aboutB.offC.onD.with问题11选项A.suburbanB.urbanC.localD.modern问题12选项A.grimlyB.fervidlyC.frigidlyD.frenziedly问题13选项A.tossed aboutB.held downC.ended upD.built up问题14选项A.betweenB.withinC.beyondD.off问题15选项A.fabricateB.developC.convergeD.replenish【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:B第4题:A第5题:D第6题:C第7题:A第8题:C第9题:C第10题:B第11题:B第12题:A第13题:A第14题:B第15题:A【解析】31.【试题答案】B【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A项dedicate“致力，献身”，dedicate to表示“献身，把（时间、精力等）用于”；B项contribute“贡献，出力”，contribute to表示“有助于，促成”；C项fabricate“制造，伪造”，D项deliberate“仔细考虑，商议”。根据句子可知，空格处填入的词和to搭配，C、D项可排除。由主语economic depression（经济萧条）和宾语growing movement（蓬勃发展的活动）可知，填入“促进”符合语境。句意：19世纪后期美国的经济萧条显著地促进了文学向现实主义和自然主义发展的运动。因此，该题选择B项。32.【试题答案】D【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A项debauch“使堕落，使颓废”，B项weaken“减少，使变弱”，C项enfeeble“使衰弱，使无力”，D项prevail“盛行，流行，战胜”。根据前半句句子意思“19世纪70年代以后，一些重要的作家开始拒绝浪漫主义”可知，四个选项中填入D项符合。因此，该题选择D项。33.【试题答案】B【试题解析】考查词义辨析。A项against“反对，违反”，B项instead“代替，反而”，C项over“倒下，翻转，关于”，D项forward“向前地，按顺序地”。前面提到“一些重要的作家开始拒绝1861-1865年内战后盛行的浪漫主义”，所以后面的turned _ to realism应该是指“反而转向现实主义”。句意：19世纪70年代以后，一些重要的作家开始拒绝1861-1865年内战后盛行的浪漫主义，转而转向现实主义。因此，该题选择B项。34.【试题答案】A【试题解析】考查非谓语动词。从句子可知，句子不缺少谓语动词，所以空格处只能填入一个非谓语动词，B选项先排除；从句意可知，此处表示原因，D项不定式表目的也排除。这里是表示主语的一个状态，即“他们决定描绘真实的生活”，而determining强调的是动作，和主语谓语动词同时发生，所以determined更好。因此，该题选择A项。35.【试题答案】D【试题解析】考查名词辨析。A项deception“欺骗，欺诈”，B项fantasy“幻想，白日梦”，C项realization“实现，领悟”，D项fidelity“忠诚，精确，尽责”。根据该部分的意思“真实的生活，准确的表现，而不是理想化”可知，空格处应该填入“忠于”，D项符合。句意：他们决心描绘真实的生活，忠实于现实生活，准确地表现，而不是理想化；他们研究当地方言，写故事，关注特定地区的生活，强调人与人之间的真实关系。因此，该题选择D项。36.【试题答案】C【试题解析】考查词组辨析。A项with regard to“关于，至于”，B项in terms of“依据，按照”，C项such as“比如，诸如”，D项regardless of“不顾，不管”。根据句意“在这样做的过程中，他们反映了更广泛的社会趋势，工业化以及科学的影响”可知，四个选项中填入such as符合句意。句意：在这样做的过程中，他们反映了更广泛的社会趋势，如工业化、强调环境对人类影响的进化理论，以及科学的影响。因此，该题选择C项。37.【试题答案】A【试题解析】考查介词辨析。A项with“具有，和，使用”，B项on“在上”，C项by“通过”，D项about“关于，目的是，针对”。根据句子可知，这里是指“另一位现实主义者通过故事成名”，所以B、D选项先排除。“by+某物”通常表示“某物”才是行为的主体，“with+某物”通常表示“人”才是行为的主体，此处的行为主体是人，所以填入with正确。句意：另一位现实主义者布雷特哈特因描写加州采矿营地的当地生活而成名。因此，该题选择A项。38.【试题答案】C【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A项create“创造，创作”，B项innovate“创新，改革”，C项adopt“采取，接受，收养”，D项renew“使更新，续借”。根据pen name（笔名）可知，adopt正确。句意：塞缪尔克莱门斯以马克吐温为笔名，成为美国最杰出的现实主义作家，用幽默和怀疑的眼光观察周围的生活。因此，该题选择C项。39.【试题答案】C【试题解析】考查词义辨析。A项literal“文字的，逐字的”，B项literate“受过教育的，精通文学的”，C项literary“文学的，书面的”，D项literature“文学，文献”。根据句子可知，空格处要填入一个形容词修饰language，D项排除。前面提到dialect and common speech（方言和共同语），结合instead of（而不是）对比可知，空格部分表示“文学语言”符合。因此，该题选择C项。40.【试题答案】B【试题解析】考查介词辨析。A项about“关于，目的是，针对”，B项off“不在，远离”，touch off表示“触发，勾划出，草草写”；C项on“在上”，touch on表示“提及，谈及”；D项with“具有，和，使用”，touch with表示“用触摸，接触”。根据空格后的信息a major change in American prose style（美国散文风格的重大变化）可知，“引起、导致”符合语境，四个选项中只有B项符合。句意：马克吐温利用自己的经验，使用方言和普通语言，而不是文学语言，引发了美国散文风格的重大变化。因此，该题选择B项。41.【试题答案】B【试题解析】考查形容词辨析和上下文理解。A项suburban“郊区的，城郊的”，B项urban“城市的，住在都市的”，C项local“当地的，地方性的”，D项modern“现代的，近代的”。这一段讲述的是对现实主义失去耐心的作家所描绘的世界，所以和现实主义作家所描绘的世界是不同的，上文提到现实主义作家描绘的是“南方生活、大平原生活、乡村生活以及当地生活等”，所以A、C项在该段不太可能提及，先排除；而D项范围太大，所以只有B项符合。句意：这些作家被称为自然主义者，他们经常关注经济困难，研究在贫困中挣扎的人们，以及城市和工业生活的其他方面。因此，该题选择B项。42.【试题答案】A【试题解析】考查副词辨析。A项grimly“可怕地，冷酷地”，B项fervidly“激情地，热情地”，C项frigidly“冷淡地，呆板地”，D项frenziedly“极其激动地，狂乱地”。根据句意“最重要的自然主义作家西奥多德莱塞在嘉莉妹妹等小说中描绘了一个黑暗的世界”可知，四个选项中，A选项比较符合语境。因此，该题选择A项。43.【试题答案】A【试题解析】考查词组辨析。A项toss about“翻来覆去，折腾”，B项hold down“抑制，压制”，C项end up“结束，死亡”，D项build up“增进，加强”。根据human beings were _ by forces（人类被力量）可知，四个选项中只有A项能符合。因此，该题选择A项。44.【试题答案】B【试题解析】考查介词辨析。A项between“（空间、时间、数量等）在之间”，B项within“在之内”，C项beyond“在（或向）较远的一边，超过，越过”，D项off“远离”。由后面的understanding or control可知，空格处填入beyond符合。句意：著名的自然主义作家西奥多德莱塞在嘉莉妹妹等小说中，冷酷地描绘了一个黑暗的世界，在这个世界里，人类被他们无法理解或控制的力量所摇动。因此，该题选择B项。45.【试题答案】A【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A项fabricate“制造，伪造”，B项develop“开发，进步”，C项converge“使汇聚”，D项replenish“补充，再装满”。由前面的truth对比可知，空格处填入fabricate表示“编造”符合语境。句意：德莱塞认为，作家应该讲述人性的真实，而不是编造爱情故事；他说嘉莉妹妹不是一种文学技艺，而是一幅现实状况的图画。因此，该题选择A项。7. 单选题Every U.S. President must take an oath to uphold the constitution.问题1选项A.ritualB.pledgeC.optionD.position【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。A项ritual“仪式，惯例”，B项pledge“保证，誓言”，C项option“选项，选择权”，D项position“位置，姿态，处境”。句意：每一位美国总统都必须宣誓维护宪法。oath在句中表示“誓言”。因此，该题选择B项。8. 单选题Gluttonous when it comes to chocolate, Justin eats this decadent treat_. 问题1选项A.furtivelyB.fleetinglyC.voraciouslyD.covertly【答案】C【解析】考查副词辨析。A项“偷偷地”，B项“飞快地”，C项“贪婪地；狼吞虎咽地”，D项“偷偷摸摸地”。根据句意：一提到巧克力就馋嘴，Justin 吃着这种颓废的食物。因此只有C项符合。9. 单选题He is as _ a politician as you can find anywhere. Theres not a hint of scandal in his long career.问题1选项A.scrupulousB.voraciousC.epicureanD.profuse【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项“一丝不苟的；审慎正直的”，B项“贪吃的；渴求的”，C项“享乐的；吃喝玩乐的”，D项“大量的；慷慨的”，根据后一句“在他漫长的职业生涯中没有一丝丑闻”，故选A。10. 单选题Many are uninhabitable, by virtue of their small size and particular characteristics, but even the most favored are very isolated fragments of land, strictly circumscribed by the ocean, strictly limited in terms of the numbers of people they can support.问题1选项A.locatedB.floodedC.restrictedD.pushed【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A项locate“位，查找的地点”，B项flood“淹没，泛滥，充满”，C项restrict“限制，约束，限定”，D项push“推动，增加”。句意：由于面积小和特殊的特点，许多岛屿无法居住，但即使是最受欢迎的岛屿也是非常孤立的陆地碎片，受到海洋的严格限制，能够养活的人口数量也受到严格限制。circumscribe在句中表示“限制”。因此，该题选择C项。11. 单选题That student is discourteous; he grumbles no matter how one tries to please him.问题1选项A.gigglesB.scoldsC.complainsD.sneers【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A项giggle“咯咯地笑，傻笑”，B项scold“骂，责骂”，C项complain“抱怨，控诉”，D项sneer“嘲笑，冷笑”。句意：那个学生很无礼，不管别人怎么讨好他，他总是发牢骚。根据句意可知，grumble在句中表示“发牢骚”，四个选项中意思与之相近的是C项。因此，该题选择C项。12. 单选题Having fully embraced the belief that government by persuasion is preferable to government by coercion, the leaders of the movement have recently _ most of the previous statements supporting totalitarianism.问题1选项A.issuedB.repudiatedC.demonstratedD.deliberated【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A项issue“发行，发布，发给”，B项repudiate“拒绝，否定”，C项demonstrate“证明，展示”，D项deliberate“仔细考虑，商议”。根据前半句的意思“完全接受了说服政府比强迫政府更可取的信念”，可知，对于后半句中的_ most of the previous statements supporting totalitarianism（_ 以前大多数支持极权主义的声明）应该是表示“否认”，B项符合。句意：该运动的领导人完全接受了说服政府比强迫政府更可取的信念，最近他们否认了以前大多数支持极权主义的声明。因此，该题选择B项。13. 单选题Dr. Brown became irritated when the science experiment that was supposed to confirm his findings ended up _ them.问题1选项A.lingeringB.tramplingC.diminishingD.debunking【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A项linger“消磨，缓慢度过”，B项trample“践踏，蔑视”，C项diminish“使减少，使变小”，D项debunk“揭穿的真相，拆穿的假面具”。由句子可知，that was supposed to confirm his findings在句子中作定语修饰science experiment，表示“这个科学实验本应该证实他的发现”，而空格处是填入一个非谓语动词修饰science experiment ended up这一句子，结合定语从句的内容和选项，可知只有debunking符合语境，表示“揭穿真相”。句意：当本应证