高中英语作文短语句型.doc

高中英语作文 高级句型、词汇（短语）1、较高级词汇并不是指超出高中阶段的四六级偏难词汇，而是指地道准确的英语。换句话说，主要是指使用大纲上没有的词语、使用通过构词法变化来的新词、使用同（近）义词或反义词等来代替常见词语。2、增强句子复杂性，是指我们从英语最基本的简单句入手，明白五种简单句型的基本结构，再逐渐过渡到并列句、复合句，由浅入深。一、“普通 高级”的例句1Because the weather was good，our journey was comfortable.Thanks to the good weather，our journey was comfortable.2We all think he is a great man.We all think highly of him.3Suddenly I thought out a good idea.A good idea occurred to me./ A good idea suddenly struck me.4The students there neednt pay for their books.Books are free for the students there.5As a result the plan was a failure.The plan turned out to be a failure.6When he arrives，please give me an e-mail.On his arriving，please give me an e-mail.7To his surprise，the little girl knows so many things.What surprises him is that the little girl knows so many things.8Though Im weak，Ill make the effort. Weak as I am，Ill make the effort.9He did not know what had happened until he had read the news in the newspaper.It was not until he had read the news in the newspaper that he knew what had happened.10Ipassed the physics exam because of your help.I couldnt have passed the physics exam but for your help.13You can find my house easily.Youll have no trouble/difficulty finding my house.14We have a lot of homework to do every day.We have endless homework to do every day.15Thank you for your help very much.I feel thankful/ grateful for your help./ I appreciate your help very much.16we achieve our goal only in this way.Only in this way can we achieve our goal.17We had to stand there to catch the offender.What we had to do was（to）stand there，trying to catch the offender.18People suggest that the conference be put off.It is suggested that the conference be put off.19He is so kind that he can help me.He is so kind to help me.20She walked out of the lab and many students followed her.Followed by many students，she walked out of the lab.22It disappointed everybody that he didnt turn up.The fact disappointed everybody that he didnt turn up.23The girl is spoken highly of. Her composition was well written.The girl whose composition was well written is spoken highly of.24If you come back before six oclock，you can go out.You can go out on condition that（provided that） you come back before six oclock.25However，Mr Smith got a different answer.Mr Smith，however，got a different answer.26The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street.The flat situates in a building on Fangcao Street.28The bathroom and the kitchen are good.The bathroom and the kitchen are well-furnished.29There was a strong earthquake in Tangshan in the 1980s.A terrible earthquake hit/struck Tangshan in the 1980s.30I received your letter which was written on August 15th this morning.Your letter of August 15th reached/ got to me this morning.31Ah Fu saved my sister.It was Ah Fu that saved my sister.32We were glad to see crops and vegetables growing well.How glad we were to see crops and vegetables growing well.33Its a flat of 25 square metres.There is a bedroom in the flat.There is a bathroom and a kitchen in it，too.In the bedroom，there is a bed；there is a sofa，a desk and a chair as well.Its a flat of 25 square metres，with a bedroom，a bathroom and a kitchen.In the bedroom there is a bed，a sofa，a desk and a chair.35Through traveling， I learned a lot of knowledge.Through traveling， I gained / obtained a lot of knowledge.36I like reading while my brother likes watching television.I like reading while my brother enjoys watching television.适当地多使用一些词组、习语或高级词汇代替普通单词，以增加文采，丰富文章的表现力。37To tell you the truth，I dont really like your new novel.To tell you the truth，I really show no interest in your new novel.38A new building is being built in my hometown.A new building is under construction in my hometown.合理运用介词或名词短语、非谓语动词代替句子，使文字清新简练。1.介词短语代替句子40I was pleased to hear from you and Im writing to tell you something that has taken place in our school.I was pleased to hear from you and Im writing to tell you something turned out to be.41I picked up the case.I shouted at the man loudly.But he didnt hear me and rode away.After picking up the case，I shouted at The man loudly，but he rode too fast to hear me.43When she heard he had died，she went pale with sorrow.At the news of his death，she went pale with sorrow.2.用替代词代替名词、句子44It showed me that the way of education in Canada is quite different from the way of education of China.It showed me that the way of education in Canada is quite different from that of China.3.用with + n.+ doing/done/介词短语45The trees and grass disappeared and the forest became wasteland.With the trees and grass disappearing.the forest became wasteland.4.用非谓语动词代替从句46But later people wanted to grow crops.They began to destroy the forest.But later in order to grow crops，people began to destroy the forest.49If the weather permits，Ill come tomorrow.Ill come tomorrow，weather permitting.改变传统句型，促成灵活表达1.改变句子开头51We can learn much by being brought into contact with other minds.By being brought into contact with other minds we can learn much.2.改变时态52The bell is ringing now.There goes the bell!3.灵活使用强调句、被动句、倒装句、感叹句、特殊句型54By doing this，we will become a harmonious society.Only in this way can we become a harmonious society.55What he said encouraged us.It was what he said that encouraged us.56Regular radio broadcasts began in 1920.It was not until 1920 that regular radio broadcasts began.4.灵活使用各种主从复合句57I happened to have met him.It happened that I had met him. （主语从句）58To his surprise，the little girl knows so many things.What surprises him is that the little girl knows so many things. （主语从句）60So when wind blows，the sand on the ground flies into the air.It is harmful to the environment and our health.So when wind blows，the sand on the ground flies into the air，which is harmful to the environment and our health.（定语从句）61There was a thick forest on the hill.A great diversity of animals and birds live there.There was a thick forest on the hill，where a great diversity of animals and birds live. （定语从句）62I wont believe what he says.No matter what he says，I wont believe.（状语从句）64If you go through the gate，youll find the entrance to Bear Country.Go through the gate，and youll find the entrance to Bear Country.（并列句）65I was walking aimlessly through the street.At that time，I saw a fruit shop.I was walking aimlessly through the street when I saw a fruit shop.（并列句）66The ship didnt sink with all on board because there were the efforts of the captain.But for the efforts of the captain，the ship would have sunk with all on board.（虚拟）67Suddenly，I had an idea.I stopped a taxi to catch up with the man.I caught up with him at last.I was wondering what I should do when an idea suddenly struck me.I stopped a taxi as quickly as I could so as to catch up with the man.（综合使用）有效使用语句间的连接成分，使文章结构紧凑，思路清晰，过渡自然68Some students think that our school should play music during break time.Music can produce a lively and happy atmosphere.Music provides us with relaxation，which reduces the tiredness.And listening to music also makes us feel comfortable.Some students think that our school should play music during break time.To begin with ，music can produce a lively and happy atmosphere.Furthermore ，music provides us with relaxation，which reduces the tiredness.Last but not the least，listening to music also makes us feel comfortable.使用不同结构、不同长度的句子，尽量使句型多样化，避免单调乏味的表达方式69There is a new classroom building on one side of the road.There used to be a layground on the other side.But there is a library now.There are all kinds of books，newspapers and magazines in the library.There is a new playground in the front of the school.There are a lot of trees in and around our school.On one side of the road there is a new classroom building.On the other side，where the playground used to be ，now stands another new building- our library，in which you can find all kinds of books，newspapers and magazines.The playground is now in the front of the school.We have also have planted a lot of trees in and around the school.二、高级句型 分类例句、词汇（短语）1.【表示原因】(1)There are three reasons for this.(2)The reasons for this are as follows.(3)The reason for this is obvious.(4)The reason for this is not far to seek.(5)The reason for this is that (6)We have good reason to believe that 例如：There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our lifeFirstly，peoples living standard has been greatly improvedSecondly，most people are well paid， and they can afford what they need or likeLast but not least，more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life.注：如考生写第一个句子没有把握，可将其改写成两个句子。如：Great changes have taken place in our life.There are three reasons for this这样写可以避免套用中的表达失误。2.【表示好处】(1)It has the following advantages.(2)It does us a lot of good.(3)It benefits us quite a lot.(4)It is beneficial to us.(5)It is of great benefit to us.例如：Books are like friendsThey can help us know the world better，and they can open our minds and widen our horizonsTherefore，reading extensively is of great benefit to us.3.【表示坏处】(1)It has more disadvantages than advantages.(2)It does us much harm.(3)It is harmful to us.例如：However，everything divides into twoTelevision can also be harmful to usIt can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching television.4.【表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能】(1)It is important（necessary，difficult，convenient， possible）for sbto do sth.(2)We think it necessary to do sth.(3)It plays an important role in our life.例如：Computers are now being used everywhere，whether in the government，in schools or in businessSoon， computers will be found in every home，tooWe have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age.5.【表示措施】(1)We should take some effective measures.(2)We should try our best to overcome（conquer）the difficulties.(3)We should do our utmost in doing sth.(4)We should solve the problems that we are confronted（faced）with.例如：The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more seriousTherefore we must take some effective measures to solve it.6.【表示变化】(1)Some changes have taken place in the past five years.(2)A great change will certainly be produced in the worlds communications.(3)The computer has brought about many changes in education.例如：Some changes have taken place in peoples diet in the past five yearsThe major reasons for these changes are not far to seekNowadays，more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein，and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins.7.【表示事实、现状】(1)We cannot ignore the fact that (2)No one can deny the fact that (3)There is no denying the fact that (4)This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in.(5)However，thats not the case.例如：We cannot ignore the fact that industrialization brings with it the problems of pollutionTo solve these problems，we can start by educating the public about the hazards of pollutionThe government on its part should also design stricter laws to promote a cleaner environment.8.【表示比较】(1)Compared with A，B (2)I prefer to read rather than watch TV.(3)There is a striking contrast between them.例如：Compared with cars，bicycles have several advantages besides being affordableFirstly，they do not consume natural resources of petroleumSecondly，they do not cause the pollution problemLast but not least，they contribute to peoples health by giving them due physical exercise.9.【表示数量】(1)It has increased（decreased）from to (2)The population in this city has now increased （decreased）to 800，000.(3)The output of July in this factory increased by 15 compared with that of January.例如：With the improvement of the living standard，the proportion of peoples income spent on food has decreased while that spent on education has increased.再如：From the graph listed above，it can be seen that student use of computers has increased from an average of less than two hours per week in 1990 to 20 hours in 2000.10.表示看法。(1)People have（take，adopt，assume）different attitudes towards sth.(2)People have different opinions on this problem.(3)People take different views of（on）the question.(4)Some people believe thatOthers argue that 例如：People have different attitudes towards failureSome believe that failure leads to successEvery failure they experience translates into a greater chance of success at their renewed endeavorHowever，others are easily discouraged by failures and put themselves into the category of losers.再如：Do lucky numbers really bring good luck？Different people have different views on it.注：一个段落有时很适宜以问句开始，考生应掌握这一写作方法。11.【表示结论】(1)In short，it can be said that (2)It may be briefly summed up as follows.(3)From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that 例如：From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion thatexamination is necessary，however， its method should be improved.注：例句1可用于任何一个段落的结论句；例句3则多用文章结论段的第一句。12.【套语】(1)Its well known to us that (2)As is known to us， (3)This is a topic that is being widely talked about.(4)From the graph（table，chart）listed above，it can be seen that (5)As a proverb says，“Where there is a will，there is a way.例如：As is well known to us，it is important for the students to know the world outside campus.The reason for this is obviousNowadays，the society is changing and developing rapidly，and the campus is no longer an “ivory tower As college students，we must get in touch with the world outside the campusOnly in this way can we adapt ourselves to the society quickly after we graduate.再如：Does it pay to be honest？This is a topic that is being widely talked about and different people have different opinions on it.13.【“比如”的表达方式】(1)For example，(2)For instance，(3)It can be given a concrete example，(4)Take for an example，it is a very obvious case(5)There is one impressive example I want to mention here.(6)Lets see an example.(7)It is best illustrated if given the following example.(8)Let me provide an example.(9)Perhaps the most important example of is that (10)As I remember，/ I now still remember that.(11)I will never forget that(12)To illustrate this，there is an example that is very persuasive.(13)An instance that accompanies this reason is that(14)An example can give the details of this argument，(15)It is a forceful example to demonstrate the importance of (16)History presented many examples of(17)In order to see this point clearly，let us see an example.14.【原因结果】(1) owing to (2) attributable to (3) lie in the fact that (4) result from （句型一般）(5)It is precisely because that (6) ，as a result， (7) be responsible for （常见句型）(8) ，which in turn 例如：They give rise to unfair competition，which in turn throws original businesses into a commercial panic.15.【强调句】(1)only 例如：Only in this way can you hope to improve the present situation.(2)It is that 例如：It is because he was too careless that he failed in the exam.(3)nothing but 只不过；只有 例如：If what we have been striving for is nothing but pleasure-seeking，our nation will be deprived of the right to rise.(这里nothing but 可以去掉，不影响句意，但有了nothing but，就强调了后面的名词)16.【假设】(1)Supposing ，it is likely that .假设，那么很可能 例如：Supposing you wanted to buy a washing machine，it is more than likely you would obtain details (2)regarding performance，price，etc.from an advertisement.17.【否定】(1)双重否定not uncommon = common 平常的，普通的 not unusual = usual 平常的，通常的 not inevitable=evitable 可以避免的(尽量把要强调的普通的形容词改成双重否定，为文章多增加亮点)18.【直陈观点】(1)(or) vice-versa 反之亦然(2)sth.be measured in terms of sth.用来衡量。例如：“success” is measured in terms of freedom from insecurity.(3)A be more essential to B.对B来说，A是尤为关键重要的.(4)Distinguished scientific accomplishment is a matter of opportunity and of continuous and concentrated effort over long years.(很优美的句子，值得借鉴)(5)from the point of view 从 角度来看。例如：From the health point of view 从健康的角度来看。(6)must be rooted out in order to . 必须根除以。例如：Moral corruption must be rooted out in order to preserve the integrity of the state.为了使国家健康发展，必须根除腐败。(7)The rapid progress in science and technology has given a powerful shove-ahead to the productive forces of the world and the economic and social development of humanity.科技的快速发展带给世界生产力和人类经济和社会的发展一个强劲的推动力。(8)It is generally believed/accepted/held that 通常认为 。(9)It is no denying the fact that .无可否认。(10)Just as the popular saying goes，“Every coin has two sides”.From one side， .from the other side，.正如一个谚语所说的，“每个硬币都有两面(事物都是一分为二的)”。从一方面看，从另一方面来看。19.【自然、生态、环境的好词】(1)Environmental/water/air/noise pollution(2)Resources exhaustion(3)Wildlife extinction(4)Endangered species(5)Natural habitat(6)Reserve areas(7)Sand/dust storm(8)Clear-cutting/deforestation(9)Over fishing(10)Overgrazing(11)Soil erosion(12)Water and soil conservation(13)Desertification(14)Natural disaster(15)Flood threat(16)Fire hazard(17)Storm/tempest(18)Blizzard(19)Drought(20)Famine(21)Disruption of ecological balance(the balance of ecosystem)(22)Eruption of volcanoes(23)Earthquake(24)Avalanche(25)Landslide(26)Hurricane(27)Shortage of water resources(28)Shortage of fresh water(29)Harmful chemicals(30)Poisonous/toxic gases(31)Carbon monoxide(32)Urban smog(33)Industrial waste(34)Hazardous nuclear waste(35)Radioactive pollutants(36)Waste gas sent off from automobiles(37)Car emission standard(38)Non-biodegradable material(39)Throw-away lunchbox(40)Recyclable product(41)Renewable resources(42)Conserve natural resources(43)Plastic bags(44)Greenhouse effect(45)Global warming(46)Acid rain(47)Energy crisis(48)Oil leakage(49)Environment awareness(50)Pest rampancy(51)Rescue and relief work(52)Garbage disposal20.【自然、生态、环境的好句】(1)Pollution is，in fact，threatening our existence.(2)Villagers are as a rule healthier than people who live in towns.One reason for this is that country air is fresher than the air in smoky cities.(3)Most of the noise in the city comes from traffic，factories and construction sites.(4)There is an increasingly loud voice from the public calling for firm action against pollution.(5)Scientists have warned that unless effective solutions are worked out，the problem of pollution will eventually get out of hand.(6)Many factories discharge enormous harmful chemicals into air and rivers every day.(7)To kill insects，farmers use a large amount of insecticides so as to have a bumper harvest.As a result，they pollute the air，water and land.(8)The gas from car engines is very poisonous.It is a main source of air pollution in cities.(9)Deforestation result in the increase of global temperature and unpleasant change of climate.(10)The earth is our home and we have the duty to take care of it for ourselves and for our later generation.(11)Beijing now has become one of the most polluted cities in the world.Among the 10 cities with the worst air pollution in the world last year，Beijing was the third most polluted city.(12)If the city had not plagued by poor quality air，the annual death rate in Beijing would have been 4 percent lower in past three years，according to the research done jointly by Beijing Medical University and Harvard University.(13)Beijing consumes 2.8 million tons of coal each year，of which 75 percent are low-grade coal.(14)To make room for those buildings，trees are being cut down，grass plots occupied.Cities look like nothing but grey concrete woods.(15)Modern cities should be expanding with a certain percentage for green-plant areas.(16)We must begin now to protect our only earth.(17)Almost everything we use daily comes from the land directly or indirectly.(18)But the limited land is decreasing at a surprising speed.(19)The