中考英语复习定语从句.doc

爱学社学习交流中心 古之成大事者,不惟有超士之才,亦有坚韧不拔之志。 Every one can be successful,but there are so many different ways.Which one could make it come true,its up to yourself! Just try your best to do it! 第八次课1 主要内容定语从句的定义，用法二知识要点1.定义：在一个复合句中，做定语来修饰名词，代词或者整个主句的句子。2.用法：（1）先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或者代词。之所以称它为先行词，是因为先行词总是出现在定语从句之前，而不同于普通形容词修饰名词，形容词常位于名词之前。（2）关系词：引导定语从句的词。关系词根据其在定语从句中的功能可分为关系代词和关系副词，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语等；关系副词在定语从句中作状语。常见的关系代词有who, whom, whose, that, which，关系副词有when, where, why, how （3） 关系代词的用法 1. that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。Eg：Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。（that作主语）The coat （that） I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。 （that作宾语）2.which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。Eg：The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。（作主语）The film （which） we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。（作宾语）3.who， whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who代替whom， 也可省略。例如：The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。（作主语）Who is the teacher （whom） Li Ming is talking to？ 正在与李明谈话的老师是谁？（作宾语）注意：（1）当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who， that， which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。Eg：This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子。Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。（2）含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。：Eg：This is the person whom you are looking for. 这就是你要找的那个人。（3）that 作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如：The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常远。（4）关系词只能用that的情况：a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.Eg：He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。b.被修饰的先行词为all， any， much， many， everything， anything， none， the one等不定代词时，只能用that，而不用which.Eg：Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？ 你在商店里有什么东西要买吗？c.先行词被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few 等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which.Eg：This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that， 而不用which.Eg：I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.Eg：Who is the girl that is crying？ 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？f.主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which.Eg：There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本书是汤姆的。（5）关系词只能用which，而不用that 的情况：a.先行词为that， those时，用which， 而不用that.Eg：Whats that which is under the desk？ 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？b.关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that. Eg：This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。c.引导非限制性定语从句，用which， 而不用that.Eg：Tom came back， which made us happy. 汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。（4） 关系副词的用法1.when指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语。它的先行词通常有time，day，morning，night，week，year等，此时常可用in which，on which，at which，to which等结构代替。Eg：This was the time when he arrived.这是他到达的时间。2.where指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中作地点状语。它的先行词通常有place，factory，street，house，room，city，town，country等，此时常可用on which，in which等代替。Eg：This is place where he works.这是他工作的地点。3.why 指原因，其先行词是原因，起原因状语作用。它的先行词通常为reasonEg：Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。3. 课后习题1. Dont talk about such things of _ you are not sure. A. which B. what C. as D. those2. Is this the factory _ you visited the other day? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one3. Is this factory _ some foreign friends visited last Friday? A. that B. where C. which D. the one4. Is this the factory _ he worked ten years ago? A. that B. where C. which D. the one5. The wolves hid themselves in the places _ couldnt be found. A. that B. where C. in which D. in that6. The freezing point is the temperature _ water changes into ice. A. at which B. on that C. in which D. of what7. This book will show you _ can be used in other contexts. A. how you have observed B. what you have observed C. that you have observed D. how that you have observed8. The reason is _ he is unable to operate the machine. A. because B. why C. that D. whether9. Ill tell you _ he told me last week. A. all which B. that C. all that D. which10. That tree, _ branches are almost bare, is very old. A. whose B. of which C. in which D. on which11. I have bought the same dress _ she is wearing. A. as B. that C. which D. what12. He failed in the examination, _ made his father very angry. A. which B. it C. that D. what13. Were talking about the piano and the pianist _ were in the concert we attended last night. A. which B. whom C. who D. that14. The girl _ an English song in the next room is Toms sister. A. who is singing B. is singing C. sang D. was singing15. Those _ not only from books but also through practice will succeed. A. learn B. who C. that learns D. who learn16. Anyone _ this opinion may speak out. A. that against B. that against C. who is against D. who are against17. Didnt you see the man _? A. I nodded just now B. whom I nodded just now C. I nodded to him just now D. I nodded to just now18. Can you lend me the novel _ the other day? A. that you talked B. you talked about it C. which you talked with D. you talked about19. Is there anything _ to you? A. that is belonged B. that belongs C. that belong D. which belongs20. - “How do you like the book?”- “Its quite different from _ I read last month.” A. that B. which C. the one D. the one what21. Mr. Zhang gave the textbook to all the pupils except _ who had already taken them. A. the ones B. ones C. some D. the others22. The train _ she was travelling was late. A. which B. where C. on which D. in that23. He has lost the key to the drawer _ the papers are kept. A. where B. in which C. under which D. which24. Antarctic _ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round. A. which B. where C. that D. about which25. Its the third time _ late this month. A. that you arrived B. when you arrived C. that youve arrived D. when youve arrived26. It was in 1969 _ the American astronaut succeeded in landing on the moon. A. that B. which C. when D. in which27. May the fourth is the day _ we Chinese people will never forget. A. which B. when C. on which D. about which28. We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou, _ live my grandparents and some relatives. A. which B. that C. who D. where29. The hotel _ during our holidays stands by the seaside. A. we stayed at B. where we stayed at C. we stayed D. in that we stayed30. Is it in that factory _ “Red Flag” cars are produced? A. in which B. where C. which D. that31. It is the Suez Canal _ separates Asia _ Africa. A. which, to B. where, from C. that, from D. that, with32. Under the bridge, however, almost directly below, _ was a small canoe, with a boy in it. A. there B. where C. it D. which33. He is not _ a fool _. A. such, as he is looked B. such, as he looks C. as, as he is looked D. so, as he looks34. Is that the reason _ you are in favour of the proposal? A. which B. what C. why D. for that35. He must be from Africa, _ can be seen from his skin. A. that B. as C. who D. what36. He has two sons, _ work as chemists. A. two of whom B. both of whom C. both of which D. all of whom37. I, _ your good friend, will try my best to help you out. A. who is B. who am C. that is D. what is38. He is a man of great experience, _ much can be learned. A. who B. that C. from which D. from whom39. - Do you know the town at all?- No, this is the first time I _ here. A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming40. I dont like _ you speak to her. A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which41. The two things _ they felt very proud are Jims gold watch and Dellas hair.A. about which B. of which C. in which D. for which42. The dinner was the most expensive meal we _. A. would have B. have hadC. had never had D. had ever had43. Do you know which hotel _?A. she is staying B. she is staying inC. is she staying D. is she staying in44. There is only one thing _ I can do. A. what B. that C . all D. which45. Who can think of a situation _ this idiom can be used? A. which B. that C. where D. in that46. I have many books, some of _ are on chemistry. A. them B. that C. which D. those47. They were interested _ you told them. A. in which B. in that C. all that D. in everything48. The astronaut did many experiments in the spaceship, _ much help for knowing space. A. which we think it is B. which we think are of C. of which we think is D. I think which is of49. The great day we looked forward to _ at last. A. come B. came C. coming D. comes50. I like the second football match _ was held last week. A. which B. who C. that D. / 参考答案：15 AADBA 610 ABCCA 1115 AADAD1620 CDDBC 2125 ACBDC 2630 AADAD3135 CABCB 3640 BBDBA 4145 BDBBC4650 CDBBC