主谓一致与书面表达说课稿.doc

“主谓一致与书面表达”说课稿各位老师，大家好。今天我说课的内容是“主谓一致与书面表达”。整个说课我分为六个部分进行讲述：教材分析、学情分析、教学方法、学法指导、教学程序、板书设计。第一部分：教材分析1.教学内容“主谓一致”是高中英语中重要的语法项目，而“书面表达”是大部分艺考生无从下手的题型，将这两者结合起来进行教学，能够使学生直观地感受到书面表达中主谓不一致的病句，从而避免在书面表达中出现“硬伤”。动词是英语中最重要的词性，所以谓语动词与主语的一致贯穿高考试题的始终。因此，掌握好该语法点，对于面临高考的中学生来说，无疑是非常必要的。 英语中的一致是指句子成分之间或词语之间在人称、数、性、时态等方面保持一致，但最主要的是主语和谓语在数方面的一致关系。本课时所进行的是主谓一致的基本语法知识点和书面表达实战演练。2.教学目标： 让学生通过自学、交流讨论，学习和掌握主谓一致的语法规则，熟练运用人称和数上与主语保持一致的原则，并通过相关的练习学会应用所学到的语法知识，能够在书面表达，语法填空和短文改错中杜绝主谓一致方面的错误。第二部分：学情分析我的班级是文科艺术班，抽象思维能力相对较低，又是语法课，学生注意力容易分散。学生心理特点：大部分对英语不很感兴趣；偏重于形象思维，对片面，零碎的材料，尚且缺乏一定的概括分析能力。上课状态比较积极，接受能力也还可以。第三部分：教学方法1. 教学设计思路：展示例句总结规律学以致用2. 教法运用：本课主要采用任务型教学法、情景交际教学法，充分发挥教师的主导作用和学生的主体作用。3. 教学手段：重点讲解高频考点以及适量的练习题作业。第四部分：学法指导培养学生学习英语的兴趣，树立自信心，培养良好的学习习惯和形成有效策略，发展自主学习和合作精神，培养学生观察力、想象力、记忆力以及思维能力。本节课让学生围绕着课堂任务分工合作，在活动中相互探讨、相互合作，从而获得知识和技能。第五部分：教学程序Step 1. 导入展示相关的例句，让学生回答什么是主谓一致，由此导入到本节课的教学。Step 2. 展示: 完成以下练习。(一)、1. My family (is/are) a big and happy one.2. My family (is/are) all sitting on the sofa watching TV.(二)、1. Nothing (is/are) found in the room. Somebody (is/are) using the phone now.2. None of us (is/are) perfect. None of the money (is/are) left.3. All (is/are) present at the meeting. All of the water (is/are) polluted.4. Each of us (has/have) something to say. Neither of us (has/have) been to America.(三)、1. Mr. Smith and his wife (is/are) doctors.2. A teacher and writer (lives/live) in the building.3. A teacher and a writer (lives/live) in the building.4. A knife and fork (was/were) put in front of him.5. Every boy and every girl in the class (is/are) very diligent.(四)、1. Neither you nor I (are/am) fit for the work.2. There (is/are) a pen, five pencils and three books on the desk.(五)、1. Jane, together with her parents, (goes/go) to the park every Sunday. 2. Henry, rather than Jane and John, (is/are) responsible for the loss.Step 3交流讨论通过问题引导学生分组进行交流讨论，总结归纳主谓一致的语法规则。一、语法一致原则一般来说，语法形式是单数的主语，谓语动词用单数形式，语法形式是复数的主语，谓语动词用复数形式。E.g.（1）The number of errors was surprising.错误之多是惊人的。 (2)We love our motherland . 我们爱我们的祖国。二、意义一致原则主、谓语的一致不是根据其外部语法形态来决定，而是取决于主语所表达的内在含义。主语形式虽为单数，但在意义上却为复数，谓语动词应采取复数形式，主语形式虽为复数，但在意义上视为单数，谓语动词应采取单数形式。E.g.（1）The crowd were fighting for their lives. 这些人正为生存而战斗。（2）Three years in a strange land seems like a long time . 在异乡生活的三年，仿佛是很长的时间。三、就近原则谓语动词根据它前面最邻近的名词或代词或其他词的数的形式，来决定其自身的数的形式。 E.g.(1) Not only his children but also he himself wants to go there. (2) Either my wife or I am going to work there.Step 4释疑解难由学生报告刚才讨论的结果，即对以上5个问题做出回答。对学生交流讨论过程中遇到的疑难问题进行点拨。一、集体名词作主语时的情况二、不定代词作主语时的情况三、并列连词and连接的名词、代词作主语时的情况四、就近一致原则五、其他情况下的主谓一致原则Step 5当堂训练当堂完成书面表达练习，考察学生对于“主谓一致”的运用。假设你是某大学的学生李华，你校英语俱乐部将选举新一届副主席，负责规划、组织俱乐部的相关活动，你欲参选，请按以下提示，写一篇竞选演讲稿。 个人的优势介绍（如性格、特长等） 组织校内的活动的设想（如举办讲座、英语晚会等） 组织校际交流活动的设想（如举办辩论赛、演讲比赛等） 表达竞选的愿望。Step 6反思小结让学生合上书本和笔记，给他们2分钟回忆小结本节课所学到的知识，然后让两个同学讲下他们所学到的知识。Step 7作业延伸1.复习今天所学到的知识。2.扩展延伸:问题: 主语是复数形式，而谓语动词用单数形式的情况，以及主谓一致中的一些特殊情况。第六部分：板书设计谓语动词的数必须和主语的人称和数一致,这就叫主谓一致.主语是句子陈述的对象，说明是谁或什么。表示句子说的是“什么人”或“什么事”。主语是执行句子的行为或动作的主体。可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词和主语从句等来承担。例如： A mooncake is a delicious, round cake.(名词 ) Youd better buy a new pair.( 代词)One is not enough for me. I want one more.（数词） To give is better than to receive.（不定式）There are many different kinds of mooncakes.（在There be 句型中，be 作谓语，主语位居其后。）谓语说明主语所发出的动作或具有的特征和状态。谓语由动词来承担。 但是如果主语不是单一的，或主语名词的数比较特殊时，其主谓一致一般要根据语法一致（从前原则）/意义一致/就近原则就近原则的使用情况：当作主语的两个名词或代词由or, eitheror, neithernor, whetheror., not only but also, notbut连接时; 在there be./here be句型中。(1)There _a lamp, two pens and three books on the desk. (2)Here _some envelopes and paper for you.(3)Not only his family but also he _ (喜欢）Chaplins movies.(4)You or I _ going to receive them this afternoon.有together with, with, as well as , but , except ,besides, rather than, including ,along, along with, like.连接并列主语时,采取从前原则.1) They, together with Tom, _ going to swim this afternoon. (be)2) No one but your parents _ there then. (be)3) He, like you and your brother, _ very clever. (be)4) The teacher, including his students, _going to see Professor Tell. (be)5) Mary, together with his sisters _ gone back.(have)由and 或both-and 连接主语，谓语动词用复数。1. A poet and a novelist have visited our school. 2. Wu Dong and Wu Xi _are _ twin brother. (be)如果and 连接的两个词是指同一个人，同一事物或同一概念，则两个名词共用一个冠词，谓语用单数。Eg: 1) The teacher and writer is her friend. 2) Butter and bread is her favorite food. Everyand (every); each and (each); no and (no); many a and (many a)连接两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 1. Every desk and every chair _ made of wood. (be)2. Many a boy and girl _made the same mistake. (have)3. No boy and no girl _ (be) in the classroom. 4. Many a student _ (like) pop songs.some (of), plenty of, a lot of ,most (of), the rest of ,all (of), half (of), part (of), the majority of,分数或百分数+of +名词等短语作主语时，谓语动词与of 后的名词或和其替代的名词保持数的一致。1) A lot of students _ waiting outside. (be)2) More than 70 percent of the surface _(be) covered by water .3) The rest of the money _ (belong) to you.none 有时作单数看待，有时作复数看待，主要根据说话人的意思决定。eg. None of the books are easy enough for us. None of us has a camera. None of the money is paid to me.one/every one/ each/ either/ neither/the other/another anybody/ anyone/ anything/ somebody/ someone/something/ everybody/everyone/everything/nobody/ no one/ nothing/ the number+of +复数名词作主语或是独立充当主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Each of the students has a book. Neither of them has told me. Either of the answers is right.one and a half做主语时，谓语动词用做单数。One and a half years has passed. 算术中的动词单复数都可以, 多用单数。Two and two makes/make four. Three times three is nine.集合名词class , family, army, enemy, team , group , government, staff , audience , crowd, public ,committee 等作主语时，若强调整体，谓语用单数，若表示组成该集体的成员，谓语用复数。有些名词本身表示复数概念，其谓语动词用复数形式，如people, police ,cattle, goods, youth, clothes等。有些无生命的集合名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数，如clothing, furniture, traffic, jewellery, baggage, equipment, luggage 等。表示成双成套的名词，如：trousers, shorts, shoes ,socks, scissors, glasses, compasses等做主语时，谓语动词用复数。附：书面表达范文Good afternoon, my dear friends, My name is Li Hua. I feel excited to have the honor of running for vice president of our English Club. I think I am fully qualified for the job.Firstly, I am easygoing and can communicate with others in English fluently. Secondly, as a dynamic person, I have rich experience in organizing activities, such as English parties and all kinds of lectures. I will make good plans and spare no effort to do more exchanges with other schools by holding English Speech Competitions and debates if I get the chance. If I am lucky enough to be elected, I will make great contributions to serve students and try to make their life more colorful! I sincerely hope you can give me a chance. Thank you!