中考英语 语法专项复习十四 直接引语和间接引语课件 人教新目标版.ppt

十四 直接引语和间接引语 一 定义 直接引述别人的话 叫直接引语 被引用的部分放在引号里 用自己的话转述别人的话 叫间接引语 间接引语不用引号 在多数情况下以宾语从句的形式出现 二 直接引语和间接引语的变化规则1 人称变化 一随主 二随宾 第三人称不更新 一随主 是指在直接引语变间接引语时 如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰 从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化 例如 Shesaid Mybrotherwantstogowithme Shesaidherbrotherwantedtogowithher 二随宾 是指直接引语变间接引语时 若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称 或被第二人称所修饰 从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致 如果引号外的主句没有宾语 也可以用第一人称 例如 HesaidtoKate Howisyoursisternow HeaskedKatehowhersisterwasthen 第三人称不更新 是指直接引语变间接引语时 如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰 从句中的人称一般不需要变化 例如 Mr Smithsaid Jackisagoodworker Mr SmithsaidJackwasagoodworker 2 时态变化直接引语在改为间接引语时 时态需要做相应的调整 现在时态需改为过去时态 过去时态改为完成时 过去完成时则保留原来的时态 例如 Shesaid Ihavelostapen Shesaidshehadlostapen Shesaid Wehopeso Shesaidtheyhopedso Shesaid Hewillgotoseehisfriend Shesaidhewouldgotoseehisfriend 但要注意直接引语是客观真理时 时态一般不变化 Theearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth theteachertoldme Theteachertoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth 3 连接词 1 直接引语是陈述句 变成间接引语时 由连词that引导 that可以省略 Shesaid Iamveryhappytohelpyou Shesaidthatshewasveryhappytohelpme 2 直接引语是一般疑问句 变成间接引语时 由连词whether或if引导 Heaskedme Doyoulikeplayingfootball Heaskedmeif whetherIlikedplayingfootball 注意 大多数情况下 if和whether可以互换 但后有ornot 或在动词不定式前 或放在介词后作连接词时 一般只用whether Sheaskedmewhetherhecoulddoitornot Hehesitatedaboutwhethertodriveortakethetrain 3 直接引语是特殊疑问句 变成间接引语时 由相应的疑问词who whom whose how when why where等引导 Mysisteraskedme Howdoyoulikethefilm MysisteraskedmehowIlikedthefilm 4 直接引语是祈使句 变成间接引语时 把动词原形变成动词不定式 并在动词不定式前加tell ask order等的宾语 Thecaptainordered Bequiet Thecaptainorderedustobequiet 注意 此种情况的否定句 在动词不定式前加not Myteachersaidtome Don tlaugh Myteacheraskedmenottolaugh 4 语序的变化间接引语一般要用陈述句的语序 即主 谓 宾的顺序 HeaskedLucy Wheredidyougo HeaskedLucywhereshewent Tomsaid Whatdoyouwant Ann TomaskedAnnwhatshewanted 模拟演练把下面的直接引语改为间接引语1 Thereporteraskedthegirl Doyoulikeyourvolunteerworkonweekends Thereporteraskedthegirl she hervolunteerworkonweekends 2 Whydoyoustayathome myfatherasked Myfatherasked I athome 3 Thewomanteacheraskedthestudents CanyouunderstandwhatIamsaying Thewomanteacheraskedthestudents couldunderstandwhatshewassaying 4 ArethereanynewmarketsinAsia thesalesmanagerasked Thesalesmanagerasked there anynewmarketsinAsia 5 Willyoupleaseopenthewindow shesaidtohim She him openthewindow 答案 1 if liked2 why stayed3 if whetherthey4 if were5 asked to 6 Areyouinterestedinthis hesaid He Iwasinterestedin 7 Iboughtthehouse10yearsago hesaid Hesaidthathe boughtthehouse10years 8 Didyouseeherlastweek hesaid He Ihadseenhertheweek 9 Hesaid Youcansithere Jim He Jimthathe sitthere 10 Heasked Howdidyoufindit mother Heaskedhermother foundit 答案 6 askedif whether that7 had before8 askedif whether before9 told could10 howshehad 11 Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays heasked Heaskedme been days 12 Doyouknowwhereshelives heasked Heasked knewwhereshe 13 Stopmakingsomuchnoise children hesaid He thechildren makingsomuchnoise 14 Don ttellhimthenews shesaid Shetoldme himthenews 答案 11 whereIhad those12 if whetherI lived13 told tostop14 nottotell