起升机构等级计算及安全原则.doc

起升机构等级计算及安全原则起升机构的安全运行周期取决于是否按特定的工作等级正确使用。根据国家标准规定，起重机的起升机构工作等级由载荷谱和日均运行当量时间确定。Safeandeffectiveoperationofthehoistisdependentoncorrectclassificationofthehoistsoperationgroup.AccordingtoFEM9.511andChinastandardthehoistsoperatinggroupcanbedeterminedfromloadspectrumandaverageDailyoperatingtime.1载荷谱LoadSpectrum载荷谱可以根据下面表格确定Theloadspectrumcanbedeterminedfromthetablebelow日均当量使用时间可以根据实际使用时间按统计方法测算，参考公式如下：Theaveragedailyoperatingtimeofthehoistcanbecalculatedfromtherunningtimeofthehoistingmachinery(Hours/day):参考公式Formulat=(2xNxHxT)/(Vx60)H=平均起升高度averagehoistingheight(m)N=平均每小时工作循环次数numberofworkcyclesperhour(cycles/h)T=日均工作时间dailyworkingtime(h)V=起升速度hoistingspeed(m/min)3工作级别确定Determiningtheoperatinggroupofthehoist当载荷谱和日均当量使用时间确定后，可以根据下面表中数据查出工作级别：Whentheloadspectrumandtheaveragedailyoperatingtimeofthehoistareidentified,thehoistsoperatinggroupisobtainedfromthetablebelow:安全使用起重机、避免对人员和财物的损害的关键因素之一是谨慎地按照安全操作规范正确使用起重机。Carefullyfollowingsafeworkingprinciplesisoneofthemosteffectivewaysofpreventingdamagetopropertyandinjurytopersonnel.所有与起重机相关人员，包括操作员、维护人员、车间主任等，应熟悉起重机的操作规程。Theoperator,servicemanandworkmanagerforthehoistshouldbefamiliarwiththesafeworkingprinciplesforthehoist.用户自己的或第三方的经过起重机厂家培训的维护队伍是安全使用的保障。Aserviceteamfromcustomerorthirdpartytrainedbymanufacturerforoperatingthehoistandanymaintenanceservicesisneeded.很多事故或损害来自错误使用或不当的维护，经培训的有经验的维护人员和操作员可以起到有效预防作用。Misuseofthehoistorimproperservicingmayresultinanaccidentthatcannotbepreventedbythesafetyequipment.Traininginoperationandservicingthehoist,foresightandcareareessentialinordertopreventaccidents.第 2 页 共 2 页