2018-2019学年高二英语上学期期末考试试卷(含解析) (IV).doc

xx-2019学年高二英语上学期期末考试试卷(含解析) (IV)（满分：120分 时间：100分钟）第I卷第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Choose Your One-Day-Tours!Tour A - Bath &Stonehenge including entrance fees to the ancient Roman bathrooms and Stonehenge -37 until 26 March and 39 thereafter. Visit the city with over 2,000 years of history and Bath Abbey, the Royal Crescent and the Costume Museum, Stonehenge is one of the worlds most famous prehistoric monuments dating back over 5,000 years.Tour B - Oxford & Stratford including entrance fees to the University St Marys Church Tower and Anne Hathaways -32 until 12 March and 36 thereafter. Oxford: Includes a guided tour of Englands oldest university city and colleges. Look over the city of dreaming spires(尖顶）from St Marys Church Tower. Stratford: Includes a guided tour exploring much of the Shakespeare wonder.Tour C - Windsor Castle &Hampton Court: including entrance fees to Hampton Court Palace -34 until 11 March and 37 thereafter. Includes a guided tour of Windsor and Hampton Court, Henry VILLs favorite palace. Free time to visit Windsor Castle(entrance fees not included).With 500 years of history, Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen. Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction. Visit the palace and its various historic gardens, which include the famous maze(迷宫)where it is easy to get lost!Tour D Cambridge including entrance fees to the Tower of Saint Mary the Great -33 until 18 March and 37 thereafter. Includes a guided tour of Cambridge, the famous university town, and the gardens of the 18th century.1. Which tour will you choose if you want to see Englands oldest university city?A. Tour A B. Tour BC. Tour C D. Tour D2. Which of the following tours charges the lowest fee on 17 March?A. Windsor Castle & Hampton Court B. Oxford & StratfordC. Bath & Stonehenge D. Cambridge3. Why is Hampton Court a major tourist attraction?A. It used to be the home of royal families B. It used to be a well-known mazeC. It is the oldest palace in Britain D. It is a world-famous castle【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A【解析】试题分析：本文介绍了四项一日游项目，包括参观景点、费用等细节信息。【此处有视频，请去附件查看】【1题详解】B 细节理解题。根据Tour B中的Oxford: Includes a guided tour of Englands oldest university city and colleges可知，Tour B中包括英国历史最悠久的大学城和学院，故选B。【2题详解】D 推理判断题。比较四个一日游中的17 March这一天的价格可知，Tour D中的Cambridge中的33最便宜，故选D.【3题详解】A 推理判断题。根据Tour C中的With 500 years of history, Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen可知，汉普顿宫曾是4个国王和一个女王的家，有着500多年的历史。考点：广告类短文阅读。BWe didnt have a tree. My dad had as much pride as anybody, I suppose, so he wouldnt just say that we couldnt afford one. When I mentioned it, my mother said that we werent going to have one this year, that we couldnt afford one, and even if we could, it was stupid to mess up your house with a dead tree.About three days before Christmas, I was out collecting for my paper route. It was fairly late, snowing and very cold. I went to the apartment building to try to catch a customer who hadnt paid me for nearly two months. she owed me seven dollars. Much to my surprise, she was home. She invited me in and not only did she pay me, she also gave me a dollar tip.On the way home, I walked past a Christmas tree shop and the idea hit me. The selection wasnt very good because it was so close to the holiday, but there was this one real nice tree. It had been a very expensive tree and no one had bought it; now it was so close to Christmas that the man was afraid no one would.He wanted ten dollars for it, but when I told him what I had, he said he might sell it for that. I really didnt want to spend the whole money on the tree, but it was so pretty that I finally agreed. I dragged it all the way home and I tried hard not to damage it. I arrived at home at last. My heart was bursting as I announced that I had a surprise.“Where did you get that tree?” my mother exclaimed. But it wasnt the kind of exclamation that indicates pleasure. After she knew the truth, she said that I was going to end up in the poorhouse(救济院) because I believe in stupid things like Christmas trees. My mother had never talked to me like that before and I couldnt believe what I was hearing.4. Why did the writers mother refuse a tree?A. Because she couldnt afford a dead Christmas tree.B. Because she thought it was unreasonable to have a tree.C. Because she was much so proud that she felt better.D. Because she thought she wasnt very proud of herself.5. How did the writer feel when he got home?A. Upset and calm. B. Anxious and happy.C. Proud and excited. D. Sorry and confused.6. What made the shop owner sell the tree?A. His pity on the writers situation B. His desire of offering helpC. His worry of keeping the tree. D. His kindness of helping others7. What the writers mother said in the last paragraph means _.A. she was pleased B. she was angryC. she was doubtful D. she was embarrassed【答案】4. B 5. C 6. C 7. B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲了作者用自己全部的钱买了一棵圣诞树，满心欢喜的回家，但是却引来母亲一顿责骂。【4题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第一段and even if we could-it was stupid to mess up your house with a dead tree.可知作者的母亲认为即使我们有钱买圣诞树，用一棵死树把你的房子搞乱，也是很愚蠢的，所以作者的母亲拒绝一棵树是因为她认为拥有一棵树非常的不理智，故选B。【5题详解】推理判断题。答案定位在倒数第二段My heart was bursting as I announced that I had a surprise.（当我宣布我有一个惊喜时，我的心剧烈的跳动）由此推断出当作者到家时，感觉骄傲又兴奋，故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第三段It had been a very expensive tree and no one had bought it; now it was so close to Christmas that the man was afraid no one would.可知店主以低价卖了这棵树是因为他担心这棵树卖不出去，故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。答案定位在最后一段After she knew the truth, she said that I was going to end up in the poorhouse because I believe in stupid things like Christmas trees. My mother had never talked to me like that before and I couldnt believe what I was hearing.可知作者的母亲得知真相后，说：“既然你相信愚蠢的圣诞树，那你就去救济院过吧。”由此推断出作者的母亲生气了，故选B。CIn every British town, large and small, you will find shops that sell second-hand goods. Sometimes such shops deal mostly in furniture, sometimes in books, sometimes in ornaments（装饰） and household goods, sometimes even in clothes.The furniture may often be “antique”, and it may well have changed hands many times. It may also be very valuable, although the most valuable piece will usually go to the London salerooms, where one piece might well be sold for hundreds of thousands of pounds. As you look around these shops and see the polished wood of chests and tables, you cannot help thinking of those long-dead hands which polished that wood, of those now-closed eyes which once looked at these pieces with love.The books, too, may be antique and very precious; some may be rare first printings. Often when someone dies or has to move house, his books may all be sold, so that sometimes you may find whole libraries in one shop. On the border between England and Wales, there is a town which has bee a huge bookshop as well. Even the cinema and castle have been taken over, and now books have replaced sheep as the towns main trade.There are also much more humble shops, sometimes simply called “junk shops”, where you can buy small household pieces very cheaply. Sometimes the profits（利润）from these shops go to charity. Even these pieces, though, can make you feel sad; you think of those people who once treasured them, but who have moved on to another country or to death.Although the British do not worship（崇拜）their ancestors, they do treasure the past and the things of the past. This is true of houses as well. These days no one knocks them down; they are rebuilt until they are often better than new. In Britain, people do not buy something just because it is new. Old things are treasured for their proven worth; new things have to prove themselves before they are accepted.8. Books found in second-hand book shops may .A. be copies of the earliest printings B. be on sale for the first timeC. never be worth very much D. never be rare9. What was the small town on the border between England and Wales famous for?A. Its sheep. B. Its bookshops.C. Its cinema. D. Its castle.10. The average British person .A. does not respect old things because they are not fashionableB. likes to build new houses simply because it is fashionable to do soC. likes to buy new things because they are fashionable.D. does not like to buy things simply because they are fashionable11. What does the underlined word “them” (Paragraph 4) refer to?A. junk shops B. profits from shopsC. old things D. old houses【答案】8. A 9. A 10. D 11. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍英国的各种各样的“二手物品”市场，指出了英国人的消费观。【8题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第三段The books, too, may be antique and very precious; some may be rare first printings.可知在二手书书店发现的书可能是最早印刷的副本，故选A。【9题详解】推理判断题。答案定位在倒数第三段now books have replaced sheep as the towns main trade.（现在，作为这座城镇的主要贸易，书已经代替了羊），由此推断出英格兰和威尔士边境的这座小城以绵羊出名，故选A。【10题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在最后一段In Britain, people do not buy something just because it is new.可知一般来说，英国人并不喜欢仅仅是因为这个东西很流行，而去买，故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。上文Even these pieces, though, can make you feel sad说即使是这些东西，也会让你感觉难过，可知you think of those people who once treasured them, but who have moved on to another country or to death.的意思是你会想到曾经很珍爱它们的那些人，但是他们已经搬走了或是死亡了。由此推断出“them”指的是旧东西，故选C。【点睛】细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下：1. 略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。如for example, first, second等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。3.将精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。如小题3，答案定位在最后一段In Britain, people do not buy something just because it is new.其中发现关键词it is new，与C选项中fashionable意思相近，可知一般来说，英国人并不喜欢仅仅是因为这个东西很流行，而去买，故选D。DFrom self-driving cars to care-bots（care+robots） for elderly people, rapid development in technology has long represented a possible threat to many jobs normally performed by people. But experts now believe that almost 50 percent of occupations existing today will be pletely unnecessary by 2025 as artificial intelligence continues to change businesses.“The next fifteen years will see a revolution in how we work, and a revolution will necessarily take place in how we plan and think about workplaces,” said Peter Andrew, Director of Workplace Strategy for CBRE Asia Pacific.A growing number of jobs in the future will require creative intelligence, social skills and the ability to use artificial intelligence.The report is based on interviews with 200 experts, business leaders and young people from Asia Pacific, Europe and North America. It shows that in the US technology already destroys more jobs than it creates.But the report states: “Losing occupations does not necessarily mean losing jobs just changing what people do.” Growth in new jobs could occur as much, according to the research.“The growth of 20 to 40 person panies that have the speed and technological know-how will directly challenge big panies,” it states.A xx report by Pew Research found 52 percent of experts in artificial intelligence and robotics were optimistic about the future and believed there would still be enough jobs in the next few years. The optimists pictured “a future in which robots do not take the place of more jobs than they create,” according to Aaron Smith, the reports co-author.“Technology will continue to affect jobs, but more jobs seem likely to be created. Although there have always been unemployed people, when we reached a few billion people there were billions of jobs. There is no shortage of things that need to be done and that will not change,” Microsofts Jonathan Grudin told researchers.12. We can infer from the text that in the future _.A. people will face many difficultiesB. people will take up more creative jobsC. artificial intelligence will threaten peoples livesD. most jobs will be done in traditional workplaces13. According to the report, _.A. people wont necessarily lose jobsB. big panies will face fewer challengesC. small panies will win against big paniesD. most people will bee interested in technology14. What is the attitude of most experts in artificial intelligence and robotics to the future?A. Mixed B. Worried.C. Hopeful. D. Doubtful.15. Jonathan Grudins words in the last paragraph suggest that _.A. there will be enough jobs for peopleB. things will change a lot in a few yearsC. many people will bee unemployedD. technology will totally change future jobs【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲了现在新技术不断涌现，从自驾车到老年人护理机器人。技术的发展一直代表着许多人通常从事的工作可能面临威胁。但专家们现在认为，随着人工智能不断改变业务，2025年以前的近50%的职业将完全不必要存在。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段A growing number of jobs in the future will require creative intelligence, social skills and the ability to use artificial intelligence.可知未来人们将会从事更多创造性的工作，故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Losing occupations does not necessarily mean losing jobs just changing what people do.” Growth in new jobs could occur as much, according to the research.可知人们不一定会失业，故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段A xx report by Pew Research found 52 percent of experts in artificial intelligence and robotics were optimistic about the future and believed there would still be enough jobs in the next few years.可知Pew Researchxx的一份报告发现，52%的人工智能和机器人专家对未来持乐观态度，并相信未来几年仍有足够的工作岗位，故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Technology will continue to affect jobs, but more jobs seem likely to be created. Although there have always been unemployed people, when we reached a few billion people there were billions of jobs. There is no shortage of things that need to be done and that will not change,”可知人们会有足够的工作，故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and unfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in mon with me. _16_The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. _17_ We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctors bill for my sons food poisoning.I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness. _18_ Instead, we had a pop-up camper with fortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life._19_ We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer plete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains._20_ It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I remend that you find your way in style.A. This time there was no tent.B. Things are going to be improved.C. The trip they took me on was a rough one.D. I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.E. I must say that I have certainly e to enjoy camping.F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.G. There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.【答案】16. D 17. C 18. A 19. F 20. E【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己近三年来逐渐改变了对野营的看法，从以前对野营活动嗤之以鼻，经过几次野营后慢慢喜欢上了野营，最后表达野营将逐渐成为人类回归自然的很好方式，建议人们找到属于自己的方式。【16题详解】该题是首段尾句，是第一段和后边所有段落内容的衔接，在此为转折关系，“然而，从那以后，我开始了解很多关于野营的事情”，故选D。【17题详解】该题是第二段段中句，为后文的概括句，“他们带我去的这次旅行是很艰苦的一次”，故选C。【18题详解】该题是第三段段中句，本题做题关键是前句的another和后文的instead，所以选择“这次没有帐篷”，故选A。【19题详解】该题是段落首句，是前段和本段的衔接，也是本段的概括句，“从那次旅行后，我全家便喜欢上了野营”，故选F。【20题详解】该题是末段首句，对全文的总结，表达思想观点，“我得说我已经爱上了野营”。第二部分：语言知识运用(共两节；满分45分)第一节: 完形填空（共 20小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。In our modern world, when something wears out, we throw it away and buy a new one. The _21_ is that countries around the world have growing mountains of _22_ because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before.How did we _23_ a throwaway society? First of all, it is now easier to _24_ an object than to spend time and money to repair it. _25_ modern manufacturing(制造业)and technology, panies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively. Products are plentiful and _26_.Another cause is our _27_of disposable(一次性的)products. As _28_ people, we are always looking for _29_ to save time and make our lives easier. panies _30_ thousands of different kinds of disposable products:paper plates, plastic cups, and cameras, to name a few.Our appetite for new products also _31_ to the problem. We are _32_ buying new things. Advertisements persuade us that _33_ is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. The result is that we _34_ useful possessions to make room for new ones.All around the world, we can see the _35_ of this throwaway lifestyle. Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger. To _36_ the amount of rubbish and to protect the _37_, more governments are requiring people to recycle materials. _38_, this is not enough to solve(解决)our problem.Maybe there is another way out. We need to repair our possessions _39_ throwing them away. We also need to rethink our attitudes about _40_. Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment.21. A. key B. reason C. project D. problem22. A. gifts B. rubbish C. debt D. products23. A. face B. bee C. observe D. change24. A. hide B. control C. replace D. withdraw25. A. Thanks to B. As to C. Except for D. Regardless of26. A. safe B. funny C. cheap D. powerful27. A. love B. lack C. prevention D. division28. A. sensitive B. kind C. brave D. busy29. A. ways B. places C. jobs D. friends30. A. donate B. receive C. produce D. preserve31. A. adapts B. returns C. responds D. contributes32. A. tired of B. addicted to C. worried about D. ashamed for33. A. newer B. stronger C. higher D. larger34. A. pick up B. pay for C. hold onto D. throw away35. A. advantages B. purposes C. functions D. consequences36. A. show B. record C. decrease D. measure37. A. technology B. environment C. consumers D. brands38. A. However B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. Meanwhile39. A. by B. in favour of C. after D. instead of40. A. spending B. collecting C. repairing D. advertising【答案】21. D 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. D 36. C 37. B 38. A 39. D 40. A【解析】本文介绍说明文。文章主要讲的是堆积如山的垃圾给环境带来的影响。随着社会的发展，人们倾向于扔掉用旧了的东西，以新物品取而代之。而且，包装盒等一次性产品给人们带来方便的同时，也给环境带来很大的压力。【此处有视频，请去附件查看】【21题详解】考查名词辨析。A. key答案；B. reason原因；C. project项目；D. problem问题。句意：问题是世界各国日益堆积如山的垃圾。故选D。【22题详解】考查名词辨析。A. gifts礼物；B. rubbish垃圾；C. debt债务；D. products产品。根据下文中的throwing out more rubbish可知，此处指如山的垃圾。故选B。【23题详解】考查动词辨析。A. face面对；B. bee成为；C. observe观察；D. change改变。句意：我们如何成为一个一次性的社会？故选B。【24题详解】考查动词辨析。A. hide隐藏；B. control控制；C. replace代替；D. withdraw撤退。句意：首先，现在我们可以更容易地替换一个对象要比花时间和金钱来修复它更容易。故选C。【25题详解】考查介词短语辨析。A. Thanks to幸亏，由于； B. As to至于，关于；C. Except for除之外；D. Regardless of不管，不顾。句意：由于现代制造业和技术，公司能够迅速而廉价地制造产品。 故选A。【26题详解】考查形容词辨析。A. safe安全的；B. funny滑稽可笑的；C. cheap便宜的；D. powerful强大的，强有力的。句意：产品丰富多样并且廉价。故选C。【27题详解】考查名词辨析。A. love爱；B. lack缺乏；C. prevention预防，阻止；D. division部门，分割。句意：一次性的另一个原因是我们的爱(一次性的)产品。故选A。【28题详解】考查形容词辨析。A. sensitive敏感的；B. kind和蔼的；C. brave勇敢的；D. busy忙碌的。句意：对于忙碌的人而言，我们一直在寻找来节省时间，让我们的生活更容易。故选D。【29题详解】考查名词辨析。A. ways方法；B. places地方；C. jobs工作；D. friends朋友。句意：我们一直在寻找方法