生物科技PPT模板.ppt

南京九校一年三班之走进细胞世界 讲授内容 Clicktoaddtitleinhere Clicktoaddtitleinhere Clicktoaddtitleinhere Clicktoaddtitleinhere 4 1 2 3 ThemeGalleryisaDesignDigitalContent ContentsmalldevelopedbyGuildDesignInc 一 细胞发展史 秦汉时期 1590年 1665年 17世纪前 尔雅 记载了590多种动物和植物 并纳入一定的分类系统 人们试图回答植物和动物的组成 但受观察工具的限制 一位荷兰人用两块透镜制造出了第一台显微镜 英国科学家胡克用自制的显微镜发现了细胞 细胞学说 19世纪40年代 德国科学家施莱登和施旺提出了 细胞学说 施旺 施莱登 细胞学说 动物和植物都是由细胞构成的 细胞是生物体结构很功能的基本单位 细胞是由细胞分裂产生的 二 认识细胞 1 细胞的形状有圆的 立方形的 柱形的 菱形的 多边形的等多种形状 细胞的形态 酵母菌 植物纤维细胞 植物表皮细胞 精子 二 认识细胞 2 细胞的大小细胞一般很小 只有一到几十微米之间 细胞的大小 各类细胞大小的比较 例外 如卵细胞就特别大 鸵鸟卵细胞直径为5cm 鸡卵细胞为2 3cm 人卵细胞为200 m 有些神经细胞的突起可长达1m 但细胞体的直径不会超过100 m 小型白细胞的直径只有3 4 m 人的红细胞的直径为7 m 3 细胞的结构 动物细胞 二 认识细胞 细胞膜 细胞核 细胞质 作用 保护细胞并控制细胞与外界之间物质交换 作用 内含遗传物质 起传宗接代作用 作用 许多生命活动的场所 细胞壁 保护和支持细胞作用 叶绿体 内含叶绿素 是光合作用的场所 液泡 内有细胞液 细胞膜 细胞质 细胞核 3 细胞的结构 植物细胞 二 认识细胞 动植物细胞结构有何不同 叶绿体 植物 动物 液泡 细胞壁 细胞核 细胞质 细胞膜 无 无 无 有 有 有 有 有 有 有 有 有 讨论 任务 小小侦探家 公安部得到一份生物作品 从外形上分辨不出该样品是取自植物还是动物 你能否用学过的知识将它鉴定出来 1 樟树的茎能够直立与植物细胞中的什么结构有关 2 植物的叶为什么通常是绿色的 思考 细胞中的细胞壁由纤维素组成 具有保护和支持细胞的作用 使植物细胞有一定的形状 植物的叶片细胞中具有叶绿体 内含叶绿素 三 细胞生长 生物体生长发育的过程中生长 繁殖 衰老 死亡 分裂 成年人全身细胞总数约1012个 细胞种类有200多种 这么多种类细胞均来自一个受精卵 有丝分裂 分化 成年人全身细胞总数约1012个 细胞种类有200多种 这么多种类细胞均来自一个受精卵 有丝分裂 分化 神经细胞 红细胞 肌肉细胞 上皮组织细胞 功能 光合作用 功能 保护功能 功能 贮藏营养物质 总结 同一植物体的这些细胞也都来自一群彼此相似的早期胚细胞 Clicktoedittitlestyle Textinhere Textinhere Contents Contents ThemeGalleryisaDesignDigitalContent ContentsmalldevelopedbyGuildDesignInc ThemeGalleryisaDesignDigitalContent ContentsmalldevelopedbyGuildDesignInc DescriptionofthecontentsDescriptionofthecontents Descriptionofthebusiness Descriptionofthebusiness Descriptionofthebusiness ThemeGalleryisaDesignDigitalContent ContentsmalldevelopedbyGuildDesignInc Descriptionofthecontents Descriptionofthecontents Clicktoedittitlestyle ThemeGalleryisaDesignDigitalContent ContentsmalldevelopedbyGuildDesignInc Addyourtext Addyourtext Addyourtext Addyourtext Addyourtext Addyourtext Clicktoedittitlestyle 2005 2006 2007 2008 ThemeGalleryisaDesignDigitalContent ContentsmalldevelopedbyGuildDesignInc Clicktoedittitlestyle 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