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题型四阅读选择题 型 特 点近几年来宜宾市的英语中考阅读选择都包含A、B、C、D四个篇章。A篇通常为广告通知等,并常以表格形式出现,较简单；B篇通常为故事性文章,较简单；C、D篇通常为科学技术或社会文化类文章,难度增加。阅读篇章题材多样化,体裁形式也很丰富,这就需要学生在平时对各方面的知识都要有所积累。中考阅读选择题主要考查学生的语篇阅读能力、分析和判断能力。要求学生能较快地通过阅读理解短文大意,获取其中的主要信息,能作出正确判断,然后根据试题的要求从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。解 题 策 略一、解题步骤1.先读问题,弄清考查要点,以便带着问题看文章,这样会心中有数,有的放矢。2.快速浏览全文,掌握全貌,注意发现与问题有关的信息,如果时间紧,至少要扫视一下首段和尾段,再把标题和文章内容结合起来想一想,这样全文大意便清楚了。此时,不要忙于答题。3.细读原文,捕捉相关信息词,掌握短文细节内容。这是解题的关键,应特别注意以下几点：(1)抓住四个“W”和一个“H”,边读边用铅笔做标记,把What(事件),When(时间),Where(地点),Why(原因),How(经过)画出来。抓住了四个“W”和一个“H”,就抓住了文章的全貌,一些直接性的问题便可解决。 (2)抓住连接词及起关键作用的副词、代词、介词、插入语等。因为这些词具有因果、让步、递进、转折、指代、列举及承上启下等连接上下文的特殊功能。这对学生分清文章层次,辨明各种关系,了解人物心理,推断作者意图,进行逻辑推理,都具有举足轻重的作用。(3)注意领会文章的寓意。4.根据题意,初选答案。这一步须仔细审题,领会测试要求,确定解题方法。对那些明显的,有把握的题可以断然确定,不必把其余三个答案再作推敲；有些略难的题,应再查阅短文(不是重读一遍),迅速找出依据,予以排除。5.重读原文,仔细斟酌核对答案。在解完最后一道题后,如果时间允许,再将原文读一遍；用全文的主题思想统率各思考题,研究其内在联系和逻辑关系,目的在于对所做答案进一步审查,推出未解答的题,以便减少失误。二、解题技巧阅读选择常见的几种考查题型：细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题和主旨大意题。针对不同题型有不同的解题技巧：1.细节理解题一般情况下在原文中能直接找到对应的答案。涉及的内容,如时间、地点、人物、数字、原因、结果等,多数情况下根据关键词就可以快速而准确地找出答案。这一类细节理解题往往会有很模糊的干扰项,但稍加辨认、甄别、分析,就能准确判定答案。2.推理判断题推理判断题要求根据阅读材料中所提供的信息,推断出未知的信息。推理不是凭空猜测,而是在已知信息的基础上对未知的内容作出推断。3.词义猜测题中考的词义猜测题,一般都是针对上下文语境设计单词,猜测词义。因此通过上下文之间的逻辑关系猜词是解决这种问题的最佳方法。4.主旨大意题主旨大意题要求学生在理解全文大意的基础上,对短文作出总结性或概括性的评价。主题句一般位于段首或段尾。主题句的显著特点是：所表达的意思具有明显的概括性；句子结构简单精炼。ATRAVEL MOVIE SERIESIf you want to travel but dont have enough money,you can see movies about Japan,Indonesia,Brazil,Italy and Australia.Saturday and Sunday at 2：30 p.m.There are only 100 seats in the theater,so e early.LIBRARY LECTURE SERIESThe topic is “How to find the job you really want”.It is a twohour lecture.You can get some advice on choosing and getting the right job.Saturday at 10 a.m.ROCK CONCERT IN UNIVERSITY PARKDo you want to listen to some great music？Five student bands are going to play in University Park.Saturday evening from 8：00 to midnight.Bring your own food and drinks.CRAFT FAIRNeed to buy a present for your mother,sister or brother？e to a craft fair in front of City Hall on Sunday from 9 a.m.to 5 p.m.You can find paintings and jewelry.You can also find food from around the world.()1.If you want to travel but dont have enough money,you can _.A.visit museums B.see moviesC.go to concerts D.go to the fair()2.The library lecture is about _.A.food B.jobsC.paintings D.jewelry()3.We can listen to some great music in University Park on_.A.Friday evening B.Sunday morningC.Saturday evening D.Friday morning()4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A.The movies are about seven countries.B.The lecture lasts three hours.C.There are five student bands at the concert.D.The craft fair is held on Friday.【文章大意】这是一篇应用文,主要介绍了四则广告通知。1.【解析】细节理解题。从题干得知关键词“dont have enough money”,由第一个方框中“If you want to travel but dont have enough money”可得出答案。【答案】B2.【解析】细节理解题。从题干得知关键词“library lecture”,答案应在第二个方框找,第二段最后两个单词为答案。【答案】B3.【解析】细节理解题。从题干得知关键词“in University Park”,则需在第三个方框寻找答案。答案在第二段。【答案】C4.【解析】细节理解题。四道题分别对应四则广告,要解答此题,需在各题对应的方框中找出答案。只有C选项与原文对应。【答案】CB(xx宜宾中考)Wang Fuman is a 10yearold student.He is now studying in Zhuanshanbao Primary School in Zhaotong,Yunnan Province.On Monday morning(January 8,xx),he braved 9 weather to travel over an hour to reach his school.When he arrived,his hair and eyebrows had been pletely frozen with snowflake(雪花).This made his 16 classmates laugh a lot.Fu Heng,Wangs teacher,saw this and took a picture.He uploaded(上传) Wangs picture.The picture soon has got much attention to children from poor families in the countryside.Wang,who has been nicknamed “Snowflake Boy” by netizens,became famous online overnight.By Wednesday morning,his picture had been “liked” more than 260,000 times on Sina Weibo and shared more than 40,000 times.After hearing Wangs story,the Yunnan China Youth Development Foundation held a public donation(捐赠) activity for children from poor families.The Foundation has promised to give each poor child 500 yuan($75) to help them stay warm in winter.By 1 pm on Wednesday,the Foundation had collected about 300,000 yuan in public donations,according to their website.Wangs village now has electricity and tap water,“and my family is getting help to build a new house close to the school”,Wang said,“I think our life will get better.”()1.What was the weather like on Monday morning?A.Snowy and cold. B.Rainy and cold.C.Snowy but warm. D.Rainy but warm.()2.Why did the classmates laugh when Wang entered the classroom?A.Because he lost his books.B.Because he told a joke.C.Because he looked funny.D.Because he was late.()3.The Foundation held a public donation to help the poor children _.A.stay happy B.keep healthyC.stay educated D.keep warm in winter()4.What can we know from the text?A.Zhaotongs weather in winter is warm.B.Wangs future life may bee better.C.Wangs village had electricity before.D.Few people shared the boys picture.【文章大意】这篇文章主要讲述了雪花男孩事件曝光后,社会对其的帮助。1.【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“9 weather”以及第二段“his hair and eyebrows had been pletely frozen with snowflake(雪花)”得知答案。【答案】A2.【解析】推理判断题。根据“This made his 16 classmates laugh a lot.”可以推断this指代的是前面“his hair and eyebrows had been pletely frozen with snowflake”, 头发和眼睛都全是雪花,让他看上去很搞笑。【答案】C3.【解析】细节理解题。根据题干关键词“The Foundation held a public donation”,可在第三段最后一句找到答案。【答案】D4.【解析】推理判断题。A.明显错在warm；C.根据第四段可以推断出之前没有电；D.根据第二段最后一句得出很多人分享了雪花男孩的照片。【答案】B实 战 演 练A(xx绵阳中考改编)广告通知类 You could be a teacher!Great chances for you to find out more with our 3day Teaching Taster Course!Find out what its really like to be a teacher in a primary or secondary school and spend one day in school；Learn about the different roads to teachingfull time,part time,including how you can earn while you train；Find out about the job,e.g.teachers pay and the conditions of the work；Our courses are funded(资助) by Teachers Training Agency and so only cost you 20.Our next courses are being held：Lincoln(Lincolnshire) 25 to 27 June xxScunthorpe(Nth Lincolnshire) 16 to 18 September xxStamford(Lincolnshire) 3 to 5 December xxBeverley(East Yorkshire) 21 to 23 January 2019Boston(Lincolnshire) 11 to 13 February 2019Interested? For an application form(申请表) and full details,Tel：01476 512780Email：enquiriesemdirect.co.uk(B)1.Where is this ad.from?A.Australia. B.USA. C.Canada. D.UK.(B)2.You might be interested in this ad.if you _.A.are already a teacherB.want to be a teacher in the futureC.want to work for the Teachers Training AgencyD.are looking for a good school for your children(C)3.What can you get out of this course?A.What it takes to be a good teacher.B.A place to teach in a local school.C.A quick taste of what teaching is about.D.A chance to visit different parts of the country.(C)4.How many courses are on the way if you miss this one?A.7. B.6. C.5. D.4.B(xx无锡中考改编)生活故事类Sarah stood in front of the mirror(镜子).“It looks like a raincoat on me,” she said.“Perhaps the blue,” said Mama,gently.“Sure,” the shopkeeper said.But when he took the blue coat,there on the shelf behind all of the dark coats,hidden like a spring flower in winter darkness,there,as if by magic,was a pink coat.“A pink coat！” Sarah cried.“I want the pink coat.”“That coat is smaller than the other ones,” Papa said.Sarah spoke up.“Im small,too.Papa,please let me try it on.Mama? Please？”“It wouldnt hurt to let her try it on,” Mama said.Without a word,the shopkeeper took the coat from the shelf and held it for Sarah.“Ohhh！” Sarah said.The coat was smooth and shiny inside like her sister Sylvias blouses.“Ahhh！” Sarah stood very straight and looked in the mirror.She looked for a very long time.In the pink coat she looked like a spring flower.“Sarah！” Mama said.Sarah looked up.Mama was standing behind her.She was holding the brown coat.“Im afraid the pink coat will only fit one year,” Mama said,taking a step closer.“And theres no one to pass it on to,” said Papa.And the shopkeeper said,“Its wise to save money.”Sarah backed away.No one was going to put her into a raincoat again.She wanted to be a flower.“Sarah！” It was Papa.He came over to her.“Youre old enough to know that you cant always have your own way,” he said seriously.“Wise and true,” said the shopkeeper.Sarah took off the pink coat,slowly.“It is her colour,though,” Mama said.“Ahh,” said the shopkeeper.“Anyone can see how the pink of the coat brings out the roses in her face.”Papa looked thoughtful for a moment.“We are lucky,”continued Mama,“that it is only one little coat for Sarah and not also new coats for Sylvia and Susan and Sally.”Papa looked from the brown coat to the pink coat.“The cows will give milk soon enough,” he said.“And how can we let Sarah wear a brown coat when she looks like a flower in this one？”“Papa！” Sarah cried,putting on the pink coat back,quickly.She threw her arms around Papas neck.“_3_” she whispered.“Like a rose in spring,” Papa said.(C)1.What did Sarah try on first?A.A big pink coat. B.A small pink coat.C.A big brown coat. D.A small brown coat.(B)2.Why did Mama want Sarah to try brown and blue?A.Because Sarah looked better in them.B.Because Sarah could wear them longer.C.Because they were big enough for Sarah.D.Because they cost less than the pink one.(A)3.What did Sarah most probably say to Papa in the end?A.How do I look?B.How does the coat look?C.I do look like a flower,dont I?D.The coat looks nice,doesnt it?(C)4.What can we know from the text?A.The pink coat is bigger than the other coats.B.The brown coat was smooth.C.The story happened in a clothes store.D.Sarah has only one sister.C(xx西宁中考改编)社会文化类Nowadays,phone calls and messages help us get in touch with others.It means that we seldom write letters now.But a TV show,Letters Alive(见字如面),is bringing back this old habit.Letters Alive invites famous actors and actresses,but there are no funny jokes or petitions.Its just one person walking up to a microphone and reading a letter.The letters were written by people from different times in history.For example,in one period,they read a letter written by famous writer Xiao Hong to her younger brother in 1941.The letter shows that Xiao Hong missed her brother so much and had great hope for his future.“Every letter opens another world for us,” according to Guan Zhangwen,the director of the TV show.“We can also touch the heart of the writers.” Since its first period on Dec.5,Letters Alive has been widely praised.Many audiences(观众) said that it had provided a breath of fresh air to todays TV shows.Besides Letters Alive,some other cultural TV shows have also been well received by Chinese audiences.The Chinese Poetry Conference is a traditional Chinese poetry petition.And The Readers invites people to read poems and articles they like or wrote.It suggests that cultural values and true feelings are being our interest.(B)1.Letters Alive,a TV show,invites famous people to _.A.tell audiences jokesB.read and share lettersC.walk up to a microphone to singD.take part in different petitions(C)2.How many cultural TV shows are there in the passage?A.One. B.Two.C.Three. D.Four.(A)3.Chinese audiences _ these cultural TV shows.A.like B.dislikeC.show no interest in D.doubt about(D)4.Which is the best title for the passage?A.Phones Have Taken the Place of Letters B.Wele to Our Cultural TV ShowsC.Letters Make Us municateD.Cultural TV Shows Are Being PopularD(xx玉林中考)自然科学技术类Do you know what makes lightning(闪电)？Why does lightning strike(击打)? Lightning strikes happen when ice and water in clouds rub(摩擦) together,and cause atmospheric(大气层的) changes.When this happens,it creates a static charge(静电).Lightning can strike inside the cloud,between two clouds or between a cloud and Earth.Its the last kind of strike that is the most dangerous for humans.Lightning can be very dangerous.Every year,lightning kills people because it can start big fires or because it reaches a temperature of 28,000 .About 1,000 people are hit by lightning every year in the United States,and about 100 of them die as a result.Lightning makes people shocked,and it happens all over the world！Scientists think that there are more than three million lightning strikes every day in the worldthats thirty strikes every second(秒).An American man Roy Sullivan,who worked in a park,survived from the most lightning strikes.Between 1942 and 1983,he was hit seven times！And he keeps the highest world record. Lightning is sure not something to play with.When lightning strikes,its best to stay inside a large building.To stay safe,do not stand under trees,on hills or near water.Also,do not lie down on the ground,or the electricity may go through you and cause a heart problem.(C)1.Lightning strikes_.A.happen thirty times each dayB.happen when there are big firesC.can reach a very high temperatureD.can kill all those who work in a park(A)2.What does the underlined word “ survived” mean in Chinese?A.幸存B.选择C.遇难D.失忆(C)3.How many people hit by lightning die every year in America?A.About 1,000 people.B.About 28,000 people.C.About one tenth of people.D.About one fourth of people.(D)4.Wheres the safest place to stay when lightning strikes?A.Under a tree. B.Near a river.C.On the top of a hill. D.Inside a building.
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