2019-2020年高三英语大一轮复习讲义 学生用书 Book 1 Unit 4 Earthquakes 新人教版.doc

2019-2020年高三英语大一轮复习讲义 学生用书 Book 1 Unit 4 Earthquakes 新人教版.语境填词1The Olympic Games were one of the most important _(事件) in our _(国家)2The _(dirt) surroundings will bring _(灾难)to the people nearby.3The _(destroy) was _(极度的) after the terrible earthquake.4The train left the _(轨道) and hundreds of passengers were injured. 5I believe you have the ability to distinguish what is _(有用) and what is _(无用)6The soldiers were busy _(营救) the people _(陷入困境) under the ruins.7_(电) was cut off in the _(灾难) area.8I had thought I would go and _(祝贺)her on her success，but words failed me.I could hardly _(表达) my feelings.选词填空think much of，right away，instead of，cut across，run out of1They have _ their money and have to go back.2_ cooking at home，they went out to eat every day.3I usually _ the park on my way home.4He didnt _ my advice.5This problem should be solved _.完成句子1一听到那个好消息，我兴奋的不能入眠。On hearing the good news，I was _ excited _ fall asleep.2这部电影和我预料的一样精彩。The movie is _ I expected.3广泛阅读的人将会大大提高英语水平。_ read widely will improve their English greatly. 4作为一个中国人，我们为我们国家所取得的成就感到非常自豪。As a Chinese，we are very _ the achievement our country has made.单项填空1Some parents are just too protective.They want to _ their kids from every kind of danger，real or imagined.Aspot BdismissCshelter Ddistinguish2He sent his _ to me _ my winning the first prize in the petition.Acongratulations；on Bcongratulations；forCcelebrations；on Dcelebrations；for3His car _ severe damage in the accident.Asuffered from Bsuffered ofCsuffered Dsuffering from4He spoke in such a _ manner that all of the children were very _.Afrightened；frighteningBfrightened；frightenedCfrightening；frightenedDfrightening；frightening5They _ all the dead branches from the tree.Acut away Bcut acrossCcut in Dcut into6The old man was well _ because he was always ready to help others.Athought about Bthought ofCthought over Dthought7The boys only brought a little food and was soon _.So they had nothing to eat.Arun out Brun intoCrun out of Drun off8_ want to take part in the game should sign your name here.AAnyone who BThose whoCOne who DNo matter who9We are _ that a pupil from our school has won a prize in the petition.Aproud Bproud ofCpride Dpride of10The larger flat is almost _ the smaller one.Aas twice large asBtwice as large asCtwice as larger asDas twice larger as1burst vi.炸破；爆发；突然发生；突然发作；vt.使破裂，使炸裂；n.(感情等的)爆发【归纳拓展】burst inton.突然爆发；闯入burst out doing sth.突然开始做burst into laughterburst out laughing突然大笑起来burst into tears/cryburst out crying突然大哭起来(1)My English teachers humor was such as to make every student burst into laughter.我的英语老师的幽默就是如此(好笑)，以致于每一个同学都会哈哈大笑起来。(2)Hearing the news，she burst out crying/burst into tears.听到那个消息，她突然哭了起来。【活学活用】(1)Last night the room _ but nothing was taken away.昨晚有人闯入房间但没带走任何东西。(2)I _ them，thinking that the room was empty.我以为房间是空的，没想到打扰了他们。(3)He_ on our conversation with the news_ we would have a listening test the next week.Aburst out；which Bburst in；thatCburst forth；which Dburst up；that2destroy vt.破坏，毁灭【归纳拓展】destructive adj.引起破坏的，破坏性的destroyer n破坏者，毁灭者destruction n毁坏，毁灭Now there are so many wolves that they are destroying their own food supply.(xx江苏，阅读理解B)当今狼的数量如此众多以致于他们在日渐毁灭自己的食物供应。【活学活用】(1)An atom bomb _ a city.一颗原子弹能摧毁一座城市。(2)The earthquake _.地震毁了那所学校。(3)Yesterday he had an accident and his car was _.It needs repairing.Adamaged BburntCdestroyed Druined3bury v埋葬；掩埋；隐藏【归纳拓展】bury oneself in sth.使陷入；埋头(工作、学习)bury ones face in ones hands双手掩面be buried in (doing) sth.专心致志于某事be buried in thought在沉思中The UK，for example，is running out of areas for burying this unnecessary waste.(xx山东，阅读理解B)比如说英国，就在逐渐用光掩埋这些不必要垃圾的场所。【活学活用】(1)The true facts _ a secret government report.事实真相被掩藏于政府的一个秘密报告中。(2)She was sitting with her head _.她坐着埋头看报纸。(3)I_ myself in my studies.In return，I gained great success.(xx安庆月考)Aplaced BhidClaid Dburied 4.at an end结束，终结【归纳拓展】e to an end结束(作谓语)at the end of在尽头(末)(指时间或空间)by the end of到末为止(与现在完成时连用)in the end最后，终于(作状语)By the end of last year，we had learnt 3,000 English words.到去年年底，我们已学了3 000个英语单词。【活学活用】(1)It has rained four days _.已连续下了四天雨了。(2)_next year，youll have been an experienced teacher.(xx咸阳市调研)AAt the end of BBy the end ofCAt an end DIn the end5a number of许多，大量【归纳拓展】a (great/good/large) number of用来修饰可数名词复数。表示“许多，大量”的其他表达方式：复数名词复数谓语可数或不可数名词复数谓语There are masses of plants in the garden.花园里有很多植物。【活学活用】(1)Doctors studying the human brain have given _ examples of this amazing power of aphasics.(xx浙江，阅读理解B)研究人类大脑的医生给了很多例子来证明失语症患者的这种令人惊讶的能力。(2)Quantities of/Masses of food _ on the table.饭桌上有许多饭菜。(3)_ sunshine and some rainfall promise a good harvest of fruits and vegetables this year.AA large quantity of BLarge quantities ofCA large number of DA good many6In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.译文 _句式提取：too.to.关于too.to.结构的其他用法：(1)too.to.与not或never连用时，不定式为肯定意义。not/never too.to.意为“并不太所以能”。(2)too.to.前面有only，but，all时，only too，but too和all too相当于very，后面的不定式也表示肯定。【活学活用】(1)But I am _ to get the best fruit.(xx陕西，完形填空)但是我年龄太大不能爬到高处摘到最好的果子。(2)_，he stared at the floor.他眼睛盯着地面，紧张得答不上来。(3)It is never _ our prejudice.抛弃偏见永远也不会太晚。(4)I cannot thank you_ much to express myself.I owe my success to you.(xx绍兴模拟)Aso Bvery Ctoo Das7.Then，later that afternoon，another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan.译文_句式提取：as.as结构(1)asas.as.as one can/couldas.as possible尽可能(2)用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词作修饰语时，放在as的前面。其结构是：倍数asadj./adv.(原级)asI think your suggestion is as valuable as theirs.(xx上海，概括大意题)我认为你的建议和他们的一样宝贵。【活学活用】(1)This is _ the other is.这个例子和另一个例子一样好。(2)I can carry _ you can.你能搬多少纸我就能搬多少。(3)My uncles house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours，but it is _.(xx四川，19)我叔叔在乡下的房子比我们的小，但是比我们的贵两倍。(4)After the new equipment was introduced，they produced_machines last year as the year before.(xx郑州模拟)Aas twice many Bas many twice Ctwice as many Dtwice many as写作句型公式1Were/Should/Had主语其他主句Were I you，I would have gone there yesterday.如果我是你的话，我昨天就去那里了。Had it not been for him，all the people on board would have been killed.如果没有他的话，车上所有的乘客都会遇难。2only状语(从句)倒装句Only when agriculture is fully developed can industry have sufficient materials and markets.只有农业充分发展了，工业才有足够的原料和市场。3Never/Hardly/Seldom/Barely/Rarely/Scarcely/Little.助动词/情态动词/be动词主语其他Never before has this city been in greater need of modern public transport than it is today.这个城市从来没像现在这样急需现代化交通工具。日常交际用语7it isnt my cup of tea：not to be the sort of thing that you like不对胃口的事物；不感兴趣的东西Jazz just isnt my cup of teaI prefer classical music.我不喜欢爵士乐我喜欢古典音乐。8cut：said by the director of a film to tell everyone to stop acting，stop filming etc.停；停拍“Good enough！Cut，”said the director.导演说，“足够好了！停拍。”答案课前准备区.1.events；nation2.dirty；sufferings3.destruction；extreme4.track5.useful；useless6.rescuing；trapped7.Electricity；disaster8.congratulate；express.1.run out of2.Instead of3.cut across4think much of5.right away.1.too；to2.as wonderful as3.Those who4proud of.1.Cshelter意为“保护，庇护”；spot认出，定位；dismiss开除；distinguish区别。2Acongratulations后跟介词on；celebration庆祝。3Csuffer此处用作及物动词，意为“经受，遭到”。4Cfrightening令人恐怖的；frightened害怕的。5Acut away砍掉，剪掉，其他不合句意。6Bbe well thought of对评价好，看法好。7Crun out of意为“用完”，此处用于被动语态。8Bthose是定语从句的先行词，指人，表复数，而A项后面谓语动词应为单数，C项也应是单数。9Aproud是形容词，后面接的是that从句，因此不能带of。10B表示倍数的词与as.as连用时，倍数词放在前面。课堂活动区1活学活用(1)was burst into(2)burst in on(3)Bburst in on sth.(突然)打断，为固定用法；we would.应为news的同位语，应用连词that。故选B项。2活学活用(1)would destroy(2)destroyed the school(3)Adamage一般指损坏后价值或效益会降低，这种损坏是部分性的，可以修复；destroy指毁灭性的破坏；ruin意为“毁灭”。根据“It needs repairing.”可知应选A。3活学活用(1)are buried in(2)buried in a newspaper(3)D由后句可知，应是“我埋头学习”；bury oneself in sth.埋头于某事，符合句意。4活学活用(1)on end(2)B由句中将来完成时可知，状语应是“到明年年底”。故选B项。5活学活用(1)a number of(2)were(3)Bsunshine和rainfall为不可数名词，故只能选A或B。谓语动词promise为复数，因此，B为正确答案。6在农家大院里，鸡甚至是猪都紧张得不想进食。活学活用(1)too old to climb high(2)Too nervous to reply(3)too late to give up(4)C句意为：我非常感谢你的好意。too与cannot连用，表示肯定的意思。7接着，在下午晚些时候，又一次强度几乎和第一次一样的地震在唐山爆发了。活学活用(1)as good an example as(2)as much paper as(3)twice as expensive(4)C该题考查的是倍数表达法，其结构应为：倍数as.as.，故选C项。课时规范训练.单项填空(建议用时8)1_our earth，or else it will be no longer fit for us to live on.(xx淄博模拟)AProtecte BTo protect CProtecting DProtect2What happened?Oh，a bee appeared on Kates dress，and her sudden_ of cry scared us.Abreak Bburst Cattitude Dexpress3What happened to the priceless works of art?_.AThey were destroyed in the earthquakeBThe earthquake was destroying themCThey destroyed in the earthquakeDThe earthquake were to destroy them4_ deep down in the earth，the dead forests rotted away and became coal.(xx烟台模拟)ABurying BBuriedCTo bury DHaving buried5Our government are taking firm measures to make pollution_.Ato the end Bput to an endCin the end Dwithout end6There are _ books in our school library；however，_ of them are old.Aa large number of；fourfifthBa good number of；fourths fiveCthe large number of；four fifthsDa large number of；four fifths7It is_ for us to deal with.Aan enough difficult situationBsuch a difficult situationCtoo difficult a situationDso difficult a situation8I know Jack spends at least as much time reading as he_.(xx南允一中月考)Adoes writing Bis writingCwrites Ddoes to write9This area experienced _ heaviest rainfall in _ month of May.A/；a Ba；theCthe；the Dthe；a10 Shall I give you a ride as you live so far away? Thank you._.AIt couldnt be better BOf course you canCIf you like DIts up to you11The place _ interested me most was the Childrens Palace.Awhich Bwhere Cwhat Din which12The girl cried because she _ the elevator.Ahas trapped in Bhad trapped byCwas trapped with Dwas trapped in13The boys，_ could not reach the shelf，went to look for something to stand on.Athe tall of whom Bthe tallest of whomCthe tallest one Dthe tallest of them14I passed the driving test!_！ACongratulationBCongratulations for youCCongratulationsDCongratulation on you15_ the rockets ing into being，the Space Age began，_ China is sure to play an important role.(xx济南统考)AAs；when BWith；at whichCWith；in which DAs；while.完形填空(建议用时16)One of my fathers favorite sayings as I was growing up was “Try it！” I couldnt say I didnt like _16_，whatever it might be，_17_ I tried it.Over the years Ive e to _18_ how much of my success I owe to my _19_ of those words as one of my values.My _20_ job was just one I decided to try for a couple of years until I _21_ what I wanted to do as a career(职业)_22_ I believed I would work for a few years，get married，stay home and raise a family，so I didnt think the job I took _23_ that much.I couldnt have been more _24_.I mastered the skills of that beginning level position and I was given the opportunity(机会) to_25_ through the pany into different _26_.I accepted each new opportunity with the _27_，“Well，Ill try it；if I dont like it I can always go back to my _28_ position.”But I was with the same pany for the past 28 years，and Ive _29_ every career change Ive made.Ive discovered I _30_ a large number of different talents(才能) and skills that I never would have thought were within me had it not been for my being _31_ trying new opportunities.Ive also discovered that if I _32_ what Im doing and work hard at achieving my _33_，I will succeed.Thats why Im so _34_ to be a part of CareerFables.I think _35_ has e and I am determined to make it a success.16A.everythingBsomethingCeverybodyDsomebody17A.until after Cso thatBever sinceDlong before18A.considerBargueCincludeDrealize19A.suggestionBexplanationCacceptanceDdiscussion20A.hardBbestCextraDfirst21.A.determinedBexaminedCexperiencedDintroduced22A.ActuallyBGraduallyCFinallyDUsually23A.helpedBrequiredCexpressedDmattered24A.carefulBmistakenCinterestedDprepared25A.look upCmoveBtake upDput upup26A.situationsBchoicesCdirectionsDpositions27A.thoughtBreplyCactionDadvice28A.easierBnewerCearlierDhigher29A.permittedBcountedCorganizedDenjoyed30A.showBpossessCneedDgather31A.lucky forBslow at CopentoDafraid of32A.think ofBgive away Cbelieve inDturn into33A.businessBgoalCfortuneDgrowth34A.excitedBcuriousCsurprisedDhelpful35A.dreamBtimeCpowerDhonor.阅读理解(建议用时8)Recently，scientists attending a meeting in Chicago presented new studies showing how food and its production affect global warming.They offered some suggestions for how to eat in a more environmentally friendly way.For many years，scientists have warned us that our planet is getting warmer.If current trends continue，animals may start to die off and life could get very difficult for everyone.The temperature is rising because humans have been releasing massive amounts of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere，which surround the planet and keep heat from escaping.One of these gases is carbon dioxide.Most carbon dioxide we produce es from the process of making and eating food，the scientists reported in Chicago.The production of meat contributes to a lot of carbon dioxide.And much of meats contribution es from beef，which is responsible for releasing even more greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.The process of making a hamburger，for example，requires a lot of energy.A cow has to be fed and raised，and cows wastes are a major source of greenhouse gases.After the cow is killed，the meat has to be processed and shipped to a consumer，which takes fuel.And most of the cow wont even be used for meat people eat.By the time a hamburger finally lands on a dinner plate，it has taken a heavy toll on the environment.It is believed that the process of making a halfpound allbeef burger adds about 19 times the weight of hamburgers in carbon dioxide.The message is clear：We can greatly reduce the production of greenhouse gases by eating less beef.Other kinds of meat like pork and chicken do less harm to the environmentat least in terms of the amount of greenhouse gases released.Nathan Pelletier，a scientist at Dalhousie University in Canada，reported that if everyone in industrial countries ate chicken instead of beef，we would cut the Earths greenhouse gases by more than half.All kinds of meat，the scientists reported，are harder on the planet than vegetables.To grow and eat a pound of potatoes，for example，sends less than one quarter pound of carbon dioxide into the air.So shifting our diet to less meat and more vegetables may do the world some good.36The text mainly tells us _.Awhat we eat can affect the whole planetBthe way we live affects the environmentChow we can save energy on the EarthDhow we can produce environmentfriendly food37What is likely to happen if the climate is getting warmer according to the passage?ASea level will continue to rise sharply.BHuman beings wont have enough food.CIt would be very hard for man to survive.DAll the animals and plants will disappear.38Why does the author mention the process of making a hamburger?ATo show meat is usually part of a hamburger.BTo illustrate that our food contributes to greenhouse gases.CTo prove making a hamburger is a plex process.DTo suggest a lot of energy is needed to make hamburgers.39The author believes one effective way to fight global warming is _.Awe should eat no pork and no chickenBwe should eat more chicken than beefCwe should eat not meat but vegetablesDwe should eat less meat and more vegetables40Which of the following statements would Nathan Pelletier agree to?AEating pork and chicken is more environmentally friendly.BMeat consumption is the main cause of greenhouse gases.CPeople in industrial countries consume more beef than fish.DEating more beef is a more efficient way to save more energy.答案.单项填空1D2.Bburst(感情的)爆发。3A答句句意为：艺术品在地震中被毁灭了。因此需用被动结构。4B过去分词短语作状语。5B过去分词短语作宾补。6Da large/good number of可修饰可数名词，而“五分之四”应为four fifths。7Ctoo.to.太而不能。8A考查as.as的用法。从句中does代替spends，介词in省略了。9C10AIt couldnt be better意为：太好了！表示很高兴接受别人的帮忙。11Awhich用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。12.D13B由句子结构可知，两个逗号之间为一个非限制性定语从句，故排除C、D，三者及三者以上当中最高的一个要用最高级，故选B项。14C15.C得分策略经典例题_ with farmers in the country in your summer vacation，and you will learn a lot about farming.AWorkBWorking CTo work DHaving worked错因分析有些考生会认为前面是非谓语动词短语作状语，于是误选B、C或D；其实，前后两句之间有and连接，说明前面应该是一个独立的句子，故答案为A，构成祈使句。得分笔记“祈使句and/or (else)陈述句”是一个常考句型。and/or (else)前面的祈使句表示一个条件，相当于if引导的条件状语从句，而and/or (else)后面的句子表示一种结果。在这个句型中，and/or (else)前面的祈使句如果带有比较级修饰的名词，可将谓语动词省略，构成“比较级名词and陈述句”结构。.完形填空16B此处something“某事”，指不确定的事情，符合题意。17A本句是“not.until.”句型。18D结合本句中的“Over the years”和“e to”可知此处是指“我”逐渐意识到的过程。19C此处强调的是“我”对父亲的那些话的接受，故选C项。20D根据本句中的“until”可知“我”在选定职业之前只是想先找一份工作暂时工作两三年，由此可判断此处是指“我”的“第一”份工作。21A“我”决定先暂时尝试一份工作，工作两三年后再“决定”自己的职业。22A结合上一句中的“a couple of years”和本句中的“a few years”可知，应选A项。23D此处matter表示“要紧，有重大影响”。24B本句中否定词与比较级连用表示最高级含义。25C“我”掌握了岗位要求的技能后又得到了“升迁”的机会，此处move up表示“提升”。26D因为“我”敢于尝试新的挑战，所以在公司中被提升到不同的“职位”。27A根据本句后半句引号中的内容可知这是“我”当时内心的“想法”。文章中没有提到“我”需要回答别人的询问，所以B项不正确；此处显然也不是给别人的建议，因此D项错误。28C“我”当时抓住机会去尝试，心想如果不喜欢所从事的工作，总可以回到“先前的”岗位上去。29D在不同的岗位学到很多不同的技巧。由此可知“我”非常“喜欢”每一次