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Module 6 The Internet and Telemunications 一积词汇见多识广课内单词回扣(一)阅读词汇写其义1keyword n 密码；口令2log vt. 记录；登录3software n. 软件 4data n. (复)数据5network n. 网络 6percentage n. 百分数；百分率7document n. 文件 8military adj. 军事的；军队的9fantastic adj. 极好的；美妙的 10essay n. 文章11statistics n. (复)统计数字 12sideways adv. 横着地；斜着地(二)表达词汇写其形1contain vt. 包含；包括 2crash vi. (计算机)崩溃3breakdown n. 故障 4source n. 来源；出处5design vt. 设计 6definite adj. 明确的7pass vt. 超过 8average adj. 平均的(三)拓展词汇灵活用*1.access n接近；通路accessible adj.可进入的；可使用的2.defence n保护；防卫defend vt.防护；防卫*3.create vt.创造；发明creation n创造(力)creative adj.有创造力的*4.invention n发明invent vt.发明inventor n发明者；发明家*5.permission n许可permit vt.允许；许可 n许可证*6.concentrate vi.集中(注意力、思想等)concentration n集中；专心7.independent adj.独立的independently adv.独立地independence n独立depend v依靠8.frequently adv.时常；经常frequent adj.时常的；频繁的frequency n频率；发生率9.disadvantage n弊端；缺点(反义词)advantage n优点；长处10.shorten vt.缩短short adj.短的；缺乏的用上面标注*的单词的正确形式填空1Fallen rocks cut off the only access to the village, so it is not accessible to the outside now.(access)2Its believed that hard work can create wealth but the creation of wealth also needs creative quality.(create)3Mr Smith, an inventor,_has invented many useful things and has made much money from his inventions.(invent)4His father wouldnt permit him to drive there even if he had got his driving permit. Without his fathers permission,_he had no choice but to go there by bus or on a bike.(permit)5Concentration is important for this kind of work, and only by concentrating on it can you get it done well.(concentrate)话题单词积累1breakthrough /breIkru/ n突破2convenience /knvinIns/ n. 方便；便利3function /f(k)()n/ n. 功能；作用4mand /kmnd/ n. 命令；指令5operate /preIt/ v. 操作6drawback /drbk/ n. 弊端；不利条件7guarantee /gr()nti/ n& vt. 保证；担保8technology /teknldI/ n. 技术9system /sIstm/ n. 系统；体系10network /netwk/ n. 网络11insert /Inst/ vt. 插入12delete /dIlit/ vt. 删除 13blog /bl/ n. & v. 博客；写博客14download /danld/ vt. 下载15calculate /klkjleIt/ v. 计算；核算；推测16platform /pltfm/ n. 平台17email /imeIl/ n. 电子邮件18replace /rIpleIs/ vt. 替代；取代19municate /kmjunIkeIt/ v. 通信；传达20surf /sf/ v. 上网；冲浪21address /dres/ n. 地址22process /prses/ vt. 加工；处理23file /faIl/ n. 文件24artificial /tIfI()l/ adj. 人工的；人造的25automatic /tmtIk/ adj. 自动的26digital /dIdIt()l/ adj. 数字的；数码的27intelligent /IntelId()nt/ adj. 智能的28electronic /IlektrnIk/ adj. 电子的29instant /Inst()nt/ adj. 立即的；即时的30worldwide /wl(d)waId/ adj. 世界范围的二积短语顿挫抑扬课内短语回扣(一)根据汉语写出下列短语1.log_on/off登录/注销*2.consist_of 由组成*3.as_well 也4.bee_known_as_. 作为而出名；被称为；叫作5.go_down 下降*6.e_up_with 提出*7.from_that_moment_on 从那时起8.concentrate_on 聚精会神；集中思想*9.pared_with 与相比10.a_series_of 一系列的11.point_out 指出12.agree_with 同意(某人)(二)用上面标注*的短语完成下列句子1All you had to do was think a little harder and e_up_with a new solution.2From_that_moment_on,_I formed the habit of washing hands as soon as I entered the house.3It is said that success consists_of three important factors: talent, diligence and luck.4On the Internet, people can seek information about their favorite stars and buy tickets at a discount as_well,_which is both timesaving and economical.(2017江苏高考书面表达)5Already this year, 115 measles (麻疹) cases have been reported in the USA, pared_with 189 for all of last year.(2017北京高考)话题短语积累1surf the Internet 上网冲浪2modern technology 现代科技3hightech products 高科技产品4portable puter 便携式电脑5electronic books 电子读物6text message 手机短信7shop on the Internet 网购8with the development of 随着的发展9benefit from 从中获益10be in the lead 领先11be used for 被用来12make full use of 充分利用13by this means 以这种方式14make a new discovery 有新发现15keep up with 跟上16make wonders 创造奇迹17e true 实现18be addicted to 沉迷于19distract ones attention 分散某人的注意力20have a negative effect 有负面影响三积句式写作扮靓课内句式仿写1make itadj./n.for sb. to do sth.例句BernersLee made it possible for everyone to use the Internet, not just universities and the army. 仿写课外活动让我们丰富知识、增强体质成为可能。Afterclass activities make_it_possible_for_us_to_enrich_our_knowledge and build up our body.2not . everyone表示部分否定例句Our English teacher is excellent, but she cant help everyone in the class in 50 minutes. 仿写我们没有足够的书给每一个人，你们中有些人将不得不共用。 We dont_have_enough_books_for_everyone;_some of you will have to share.3与现在或将来事实相反的虚拟语气例句It would be much better if we spent the time working on a puter.仿写要是我知道他的微信号码，就可以联络到他了。If I knew his WeChat number, I could_make_contact_with_him.4Why not do .?例句Im home now, why not give me a call?仿写为什么不来参观中国剪纸艺术展呢？(2017全国卷书面表达)Why_not_e_and_take_part_in the Chinese papercutting art exhibition？,话题佳句背诵1With the development of the Internet, many individuals favour online shopping because it is more convenient and can save time.随着互联网的发展，很多人喜欢网上购物，因为它更方便而且能节省时间。2puters have replaced humans in many areas of our life, making our work much easier and more efficient.在很多领域电脑已经代替了人类，使得我们的工作更容易、更高效。3Microblog can provide a platform to show our talent and release our pressure, thus making it more and more popular with high school students.微博能给我们提供一个展示我们的天赋、释放压力的平台，因此使它越来越受中学生的欢迎。4There is no doubt that the Internet makes munication easier and helps us keep up with the latest information.毫无疑问，互联网使交流更简单了，也有助于我们跟上最新的信息步伐。四背语段语感流畅Nowadays more and more children have access to the Internet. Surfing online has both advantages and disadvantages.The Internet is a good information source. Children can get to know the world outside and read essays on it as well. They can even do their homework via the Internet.However, it also has disadvantages. There are too many games designed for children. Some children play games so frequently that they cant concentrate on their studies. Some even log on some websites containing unhealthy news and pictures. Every coin has two sides. What matters much is how you make use of it.当今越来越多的孩子使用互联网。上网既有优势又有弊端。互联网是一个好的信息来源。孩子们可以了解外面的世界也可以在上面读文章，他们甚至可以借助网络途径做作业。然而它也有不利之处。网上有太多为孩子们设计的游戏。有些孩子经常玩游戏以至于他们无法把精力集中到学习上。一些孩子甚至登录一些包含不健康信息或图片的网站。任何事物都有两面性，重要的是你如何利用它。第一板块重点词汇突破师生共研词汇1access n接近；通路；(使用或见到的)机会，权利vt.进入；使用；存取(计算机文件)教材原句The World Wide Web (the web) is a puter network that allows puter users to access information from millions of websites via the Internet.万维网是一个电脑网络，它能使电脑用户通过互联网从数百万的网站上获取信息。(1)access to .接近的机会；进入的权利have/get/gain/obtain access to . 得以接近/会见/进入/使用(2)accessible adj. 可进入的；可使用的；可接近的be accessible to . 可进入；可使用People have better access to health care than they used to, and theyre living longer as a result.(2017北京高考单选)人们有了比过去更便捷的医疗服务，结果，人们更长寿了。All the sites are free to the public and accessible (access) to anyone with an Internet connection.所有这些网站都是免费向公众开放的，通过互联网，任何人都可登陆。We need a better way to_access (access) information.我们需要一种更好的方式来存取信息。2design vt.设计；构思；计划n.设计；图案 教材原句He designed the first “web browser”， which allowed puter users to access documents from other puters.他设计了第一个“网络浏览器”，允许计算机用户使用其他电脑的文件。(1)design . for .为而设计be designed for/to do . 目的是be designed as 被设置为(2)by design 蓄意地；故意地They pump out perfumes designed to_attract (attract) different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers.(2017全国卷)它们散发出香味其目的是吸引不同的昆虫，这些昆虫是袭击者的天敌。She arrived just as we were leaving, but Im not sure whether this was by accident or by_design.她刚好在我们正要离开时到达，但我不能肯定这是出于偶然还是有意安排。3concentrate vi.集中(注意力、思想等)高考佳句She has turned down several invitations to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.(2017全国卷)她拒绝了几次演出邀请目的是集中精力学习。(1)concentrate .on/upon (doing) sth.把专注于(做)某事concentrate on/upon . 专注于(2)concentration n. 专心；集中Secondly, concentrate yourself on/upon some positive and relaxing things.(2014安徽高考满分作文)第二，把精力集中到一些积极的、令人放松的事情上。There is a great need for greater concentration (concentrate) on environmental issues.非常有必要更加关注环境问题。4average adj.平均的；一般的；通常的；平常的n.平均数；平均水平；一般水准v. 平均为；计算出的平均数教材原句The average time the Chinese people spend online is 17 hours per week.中国人平均花在网上的时间是每周17个小时。an average of平均有with the/an average of 平均为on (the/an) average 平均地；在一般情况下 above/below (the) average 高于/低于平均数An_average_of just 18.75 cm of rain fell last year, making it the driest year since California became a state in 1850.(2014浙江高考单选)去年平均降雨量仅为18.75厘米，使其成为自1850年加利福尼亚成为州以来最干旱的一年。Its a small shop, with_an_average_of about 500 customers a week.这是一家小店，每周平均约有500名顾客。On_average,_how much time do you spend on sports activities each week? 你平均每星期花多少时间做运动？词汇过关练.单句语法填空1An average of ten students havent passed the exam in each class.2Medicine should not be kept where it is accessible to children. 3Once you leave college, you should be independent of your parents and make money of your own.4The organisation is designed to_help (help) people who wish to teach abroad.5Be especially careful of information contained (contain) in advertisements.6As a senior high student, I think you should concentrate your attention on/upon your skills of learning.7They were taken to the police station as they had entered the area without permission/being_permitted (permit)8The war has ended but the government spending on defence (defend) is still increasing.单句改错1I received a letter contained some important information about the project. containedcontaining2The book, designing for young adults, turned out to be popular with the elderly. designingdesigned3The dog may be a good panion for the old. However, the need to take it for walks may be a disadvantages.disadvantagesdisadvantage4Production in the factory stopped because of frequently power failures. frequentlyfrequent5With his attention concentrating on a book, he didnt notice me e in. concentratingconcentrated.单句写作(句型转换)1Before the Hope Project was carried out in this poor area, children couldnt get education.Before the Hope Project was carried out in this poor area, children had_no_access_to education.2On average, the production of cotton increased at 6 percent a year.The production of cotton increased with_the/an_average_of 6 percent a year.第二板块短语、句式突破1consist of由组成；由构成教材原句It consists of millions of pages of data.它由几百万页的数据组成。(1)consist in在于；存在于consist with 与一致/相吻合 由组成Listening is thus an active, not a passive, behavior consisting (consist) of hearing, understanding and remembering.(2015浙江高考单选)聆听是一种积极的行为，而不是被动的接受，它包括听、理解和记忆。Success consists in the ability to continue efforts through failures.(2014福建高考书面表达)成功存在于经历失败而继续努力的能力中。名师指津consist of一般不用于进行时态，也不用于被动语态；其非谓语动词应用现在分词形式。2e up with提出；找到(答案、想法等)；想出；赶上教材原句He came up with the idea of the World Wide Web in 1989 while he was working in Switzerland. 1989年，当他在瑞士工作时，他提出了(创建)万维网的想法。e up走近；上来；被提出，被提及(无被动形式)e about 发生；产生e across (偶然)遇见；碰见；被理解e out 出来；出版e to 来到(某地)；加起来总共；恢复知觉When it es to .当涉及/谈到When walking down the street, I came across David, whom I hadnt seen for years.(2016天津高考单选)沿街走路时，我偶然遇到了戴维，我们已有好几年没见了。Listening and speaking is where my weakness lies when_it_es_to English. (2015四川高考满分作文)当谈到英语时，听和说是我的弱项之所在。3BernersLee made_it_possible for everyone to use the Internet, not just universities and the army. 贝尔纳斯李使每个人都能使用互联网成为可能，而不仅仅限于大学和军队。该句型为“make itadj.for sb. to do sth.”结构， 其中it作形式宾语，而真正的宾语是for sb. to do sth.。(1)当不定式短语或从句等作宾语时，多用it作形式宾语，构成的句型主要有：(2)常用于这种句型的动词还有：think, consider, find, feel等To make it easier to_get (get) in touch with us, youd better keep this card at hand. (2016北京高考单选)为了更便于联系我们，你最好将这张卡片放在身边。Susan made it clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself. (2014山东高考单选)苏珊清楚地跟我表明她希望为自己创造新的生活。I consider it no use quarrelling (quarrel) with him about it.我认为就这件事和他争吵是没有用的。短语、句式过关练.consist of(单句语法填空/一句多译)1Life mainly consists of happiness and sorrows while happiness and sorrows consist in struggle.2The politicians actions dont consist with the promises in his speech.3A team, consisting (consist) of two doctors and three policemen, was sent to search for the lost explorers.4我们班由21名男生和20名女生组成。Our class consists_of twentyone boys and twenty girls. (consist)Our class is_made_up_of twentyone boys and twenty girls.(make) Our class is_posed_of twentyone boys and twenty girls.(pose).e短语或句式填空1(2016北京高考书面表达)Our class came_up_with the idea to make better use of used materials.2So when we e_across words we dont understand, it can help us find out their meanings.3When_it_es_to a choice, I prefer to go travelling rather than stay at home in summer holiday.4How did it e_about that you were late for half an hour in such a short trip?5The question when and where to start the promotion is bound to e_up at the meeting.it作形式宾语(单句语法填空)1He makes it a rule to_take (take) part in some physical labor though he is old.2We think it no good reading (read) in bed.3We thought it wrong that the child should be left alone in the house.4We must made it clear to the public that something should be done to stop pollution.5His being late made it impossible for the meeting to_be_held (hold) on time. 提能一用课文词汇写高分作文average， design， contain， concentrate， have access to， be known as， consist of， as well， pared with1补全要点句(“黑体”部分选用上面方框中的单词或短语)我们学校作为一所规范化学校而闻名。Our school is_known_as a standardized high school.在我们学校，每个班平均由50名学生组成。In our school, every class consists_of 50 students on average.我们学校的阅览室设计容纳200名学生。The reading room of our school is designed to contain 200 students.在阅览室，我们可以专心阅读，也可以使用互联网。In the reading room we can concentrate our attention on reading and have_access_to the Internet as_well.与书本相比，互联网使我们获取知识更加容易了。pared_with books, we get knowledge more easily through the Internet.2升级平淡句(1)用where引导的非限制性定语从句连接句和句The_reading_room_of_our_school_is_designed_to_contain_200_students,_where_we_can_concentrate_our_attention_on_reading_and_have_access_to_the_Internet_as_well.(2)用“it作形式宾语”结构改写句pared_with_books,_the_Internet_makes_it_easier_for_us_to_get_knowledge.3衔接成语篇Our_school_is_known_as_a_standardized_high_school._In_our_school,_every_class_consists_of_50_students_on_average._The_reading_room_of_our_school_is_designed_to_contain_200_students,_where_we_can_concentrate_our_attention_on_reading_and_have_access_to_the_Internet_as_well._pared_with_books,_the_Internet_makes_it_easier_for_us_to_get_knowledge.提能二用课文句型解构高考长难句本单元突破点while引导时间状语从句；现在分词短语作状语经典例句比较分析真题尝试翻译课文长难句BernersLee built his first puter while he was at university using an old television！while引导时间状语从句；现在分词短语作方式状语。当时我们俩正盯着看我相信是最酷的东西，她轻轻地抚摸着我的背部说：“你知道，如果你存钱的话自己就能买。”真题长难句“You know，” she said, gently rubbing my back while we both stared at what I believed was the coolest thing ever, “If you save up you could buy this yourself.”(2016浙江高考阅读理解D)while引导时间状语从句；现在分词短语作伴随状语。“互联网与电子通讯”是高中新课程标准24个话题之一“科普知识与现代技术”中的一个子话题，也是高考热点话题。科学技术的发展正在影响着你我的生活，我们拿出智能手机，连上WiFi，打开购物App一键购物，打开聊天App与好友聊天，打开题库App，做做各学科的练习题，打开英语学习App，练练听力。累了，有游戏App、音乐App这些都是科学技术对人们生活的贡献。回顾历年高考试题，有关此话题的题目很多，在阅读理解、完形填空、书面表达等题型中均可觅其踪迹，在阅读题型中多以说明文出现。一、话题与语篇考题示例(2017北京高考阅读D)1Hollywoods theory that machines with evil (邪恶的) minds will drive armies of killer robots is just silly. The real problem relates to the possibility that artificial intelligence (AI) may bee extremely good at achieving something other than what we really want. In 1960 a wellknown mathematician Norbert Wiener, who founded the field of cybernetics (控制论), put it this way: “If we use, to achieve our purposes, a mechanical agency with whose operation we cannot effectively interfere (干预), we had better be quite sure that the purpose put into the machine is the purpose which we really desire.”2A machine with a specific purpose has another quality, one that we usually associate with living things: a wish to preserve its own existence. For the machine, this quality is not inborn, nor is it something introduced by humans; it is a logical consequence of the simple fact that the machine cannot achieve its original purpose if it is dead. So if we send out a robot with the single instruction of fetching coffee, it will have a strong desire to secure success by disabling its own off switch or even killing anyone who might interfere with its task. If we are not careful, then, we could face a kind of global chess match against very determined, super intelligent machines whose objectives conflict with our own, with the real world as the chessboard.3The possibility of entering into and losing such a match should concentrate the minds of puter scientists. Some researchers argue that we can seal the machines inside a kind of firewall, using them to answer difficult questions but never allowing them to affect the real world. Unfortunately, that plan seems unlikely to work: we have yet to invent a firewall that is secure against ordinary humans, let alone super intelligent machines.4Solving the safety problem well enough to move forward in AI seems to be possible but not easy. There are probably decades in which to plan for the arrival of super intelligent machines. But the problem should not be dismissed out of hand, as it has been by some AI researchers. Some argue that humans and machines can coexist as long as they work in teams yet that is not possible unless machines share the goals of humans. Others say we can just “switch them off ” as if super intelligent machines are too stupid to think of that possibility. Still others think that super intelligent AI will never happen. On September 11, 1933, famous physicist Ernest Rutherford stated, with confidence, “Anyone who expects a source of power in the transformation of these atoms is talking moonshine.” However, on September 12, 1933, physicist Leo Szilard invented the neutroninduced (中子诱导) nuclear chain reaction.1Paragraph 1 mainly tells us that artificial intelligence may _.Arun out of human controlBsatisfy humans real desiresCmand armies of killer robotsDwork faster than a mathematician2Machines with specific purposes are associated with living things partly because they might be able to _.Aprevent themselves from being destroyedBachieve their original goals independentlyCdo anything successfully with given ordersDbeat humans in international chess matches3According to some researchers, we can use firewalls to _.Ahelp super intelligent machines work betterBbe secure against evil human beingsCkeep machines from being harmedDavoid robots affecting the world4What does the author think of the safety problem of super intelligent machines?AIt will disappear with the development of AI.BIt will get worse with human interference.CIt will be solved but with difficulty.DIt will stay for a decade.策略指导(一)这样读文第1步：宏观把握文章大意分层抓关键句概括层意行文结构第1段第1段画波浪线部分人工智能有可能摆脱人类的控制人们的担忧总分模式第2段第2段画波浪线部分智能机器有阻止自己被摧毁的本性分析原因第3段第3段画波浪线部分防火墙防止机器人影响世界是不太可能的行文发展第4段第4段画波浪线部分解决人工智能的安全问题困难重重，人们对此持有不同观点得出结论第2步：微观突破理解障碍自主翻译为了实现我们的目标，如果我们使用一种机器而我们不能有效地干预它的运行，那么最好要确定输入机器的指令是否是我们真正想要的。(二)这样做题名师解题1推理判断题。选A根据第一段中的“The real problem relates to the possibility that artificial intelligence (AI) may bee extremely good at achieving something other than what we really want.”可知，人工智能可能会变得非常擅长完成目标，而这些目标可能不是人们
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