(全国版)2020版高考英语一轮复习 组合练 第14练 阅读理解 完型填空 语法填空 短文改错练习(含解析).docx

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第14练 阅读理解 完型填空 语法填空 短文改错.阅读理解(2018山西三区八校二模)Ithasbecomeacertainbeliefamongthepublicdrinkatleasteightglassesofwateradaytoimprovehealthandwellbeing.Bottledwatercompaniesoftenrepeatittoincreasetheirsalesbutitisactuallyasillyidea.Thereisnoevidencetoprovetheadvantagesofdrinkingeightglassesofwateraday,scientistssay.Themisunderstandingiscausedfromthesuggestionthatadultsshoulddrink2.5litersofwaterdaily,whichwasstressedbytheBritishMedicalJournalinDecember.Theimportantpartofthesuggestionisthatmostofthisquantityofwateriscontainedinpreparedfoods,which,however,isusuallyignored.USresearcherswhoreviewedtheevidenceconcludedthatmostpeopledonotneedtoworryabouttheamountofwatertheydrinkeveryday.Besidesdrinkingwater,theywillbegettingplentyofliquidinotherways.Caffeinateddrinkssuchastea,coffeeandcolaandalcoholcanhelpreachthedailytotaliftheydontdrinktoomuch,thoughthesedrinkshelptheproductionofurine(尿)Lesswellknownarethedangersofdrinkingtoomuchwater,causingwaterpoisoning,lowsaltlevelsandevendeath.ThereviewofresearchbyDanNegoianu,fromtheUniversityofPennsylvania,foundthatnotasinglestudyincludedthesuggestionofdrinkingeightglassesofwateraday.Althoughonesmallstudysuggestedthatdrinkingwatercouldresultinfewerheadaches,theresultswerenotveryimportant.However,thebenefitsofdrinkingsomewatertopreventapaininheadafterdrinkingtoomuchalcoholare,separately,provedtobetrue.Nostudiesshowedanyadvantagestothecoloroftheskinbecauseoftheincreasedwatertakenintobodies.Dehydration(脱水)canmakeskinlesspleasant,buttherewasnoclearevidencetosupporttheideathatwaterhelpspeoplekeepayouthfulappearance.Theresearchersalsofoundnoevidencethatdrinkinglotsofwaterdoessomegoodtothebodysorgans.1Fromthepassage,weknowthatthesuggestionaboutdrinkingeightglassesofwateraday.AcausessomeseriousdiseasesBhasenoughscientificevidencetosupportitCismisunderstoodbypeopleinfactDwaspublishedbytheBritishMedicalJournal2Fromthepassagewelearnthatmanypeopledontknowthat.AtheproductionofurinecancausewatertoloseBhealthcanbeimprovedbydrinkingplentyofwaterCbetterskincanresultfromtheintakeofmuchwaterDcaffeinateddrinkscanprovidethewaterpeopleneed3Whatcanbeprovedaboutdrinkingalotofwateraccordingtothepassage?AReducingthebadinfluenceofdrinkingalcohol.BHelpingtokeepyouthfullooks.CMakingthebodysorgansstronger.DCausingbadheadaches.4Thewritersmainpurposeofwritingthispassageisto.ApersuadepeopletodrinkdifferentkindsofwaterBtellpeopledrinkingmuchwaterisnotashealthyasisconsideredCwarnpeopleofthedangerofdrinkingmuchwaterDhelppeoplerealizetheimportanceofdrinkingenoughwatereveryday.完形填空(2018江西新余二模)Overtheyears,thankstomylifesobstacles,Iunderstoodthemeaningoffaithandthestrongwilltosurvive.ItwasHurricaneIkethatmademefully5thebeautyofourstrengthandahumansmotivationto6.Momhadatwoweek7insummer.WhileweenjoyedourholidayinSoutheastTexas,wedidntrealizethefactthatIke8causemonthsandlikelyyearsof“labor”BySeptember7th,the“eyesofTexas”werewatchingHurricaneIkemore9,makingthetypicalmadrushforlastminutehurricane10.Twodayslater,bothoilandicewerein11demand.IntheearlyhoursofSeptember11th,someneighborswereplanningto12thestormintheirhomes,13othersweremakingfinalpreparationstogetaway.Atfirst,wedecidedtostay.Butthatafternoon,theHoustonGalvestonareawouldbeonthemore14sideofthestorm.MomandIpackedsomeofourmost15belongingsinthecarand16theEastTexastownofLufkin.AsIkepushedfartherinland,we17powerinLufkin.OnSunday,ournextdoorneighbortoldusviacellphonethatour18hadremainedwell.Ourhopescouldnothavebeen19.Butafewhourslater,theneighborsreportedthatourbrickchimneyhad20,anditwassittingonourlivingroom,21aholeintheroofbetweentwoskylights(天窗)Wewouldntbeallowedtoreturnhome22September17th.Iclimbedupstairs,andlookedtowardtheholeintheroofwhichshowedabeautifulbluesky.Withouthesitation,Ishouted,“Wow! Athirdskylight!”MyneighborscouldnotbelieveIwasmakingjokes23crying,but24isalwaysgoodmedicine.ItwaswiththatjokethatIknew,giventime,everythingwouldbeokay.5A.observeBexploreCappreciateDimprove6A.recoverBapologizeCworkDchange7A.meetingBjourneyCscheduleDvacation8A.mustBmightCwouldDshould9A.closelyBconstantlyCwarninglyDdifferently10A.adventureBsuppliesCequipmentDreports11A.basicBpureCneatDhigh12A.putawayBgetthroughCtestoutDsufferfrom13A.sinceBwhenCwhileDuntil14A.awesomeBabundantCpeacefulDdangerous15A.preciousBconcreteCavailableDpotential16A.setoutBheadedforCsettleddownDwatchedout17A.lostBreducedCproducedDprovided18A.gardenBpoolChouseDyard19A.clearerBhigherClowerDwilder20A.passedBstoodCfollowedDgone21A.diggingBfillingCleavingDkicking22A.byBbeforeCafterDuntil23A.inspiteofBinsteadofCapartfromDintermsof24A.laughterBwillCstrengthDfaith.语法填空Doyouknow25.astorygetsintothenewspaper?Hereisanexample.Imaginethatacitybushasturnedoverinaditch,injuringsomeofthepassengers.Aneyewitnesscallsthenewspaper.Thenareporterissenttothescene,at26.hetalkstopassengers,driverandwitnesses.Hefindsoutwhattheysaw,27.(set) downtheiranswersorcomments.Meanwhile,a28.(profession) photographerisbusytakingpictures.Manyreportersuseportablecomputerswhichallowthem29.(write) thestoryonthespotandthensenditbacktotheoffice.Next,aneditorconcentrates30.thestory,checkingfacts,grammarandspelling.Atthesametime,apictureischosen.Thestoryissetinprint.Onmostnewspaperstoday,this31.(do) withacomputer.Thecomputermakessetsofcolumnsoftype,whicharepassedontoasheetofpaper32.(exact) thesamesizeasanewspaperpage.Onlyafteraproofreaderchecksthestoryformistakes33.(be) thenewspaperreadyforprinting.Thenthepresses(印刷机) begintorun.Milesofpaperareturnedintothousandsof34.(print) newspapers.Theyarecountedandplacedinwaitingtrucks.Withinafewhours,peoplecanreadaboutthebusaccidentintheirdailynewspaper.短文改错(2018四川南充一诊)Theenvironmentpollutionwasmoreandmoreserioustoday.Wehavenocleanwatertodrinkitbecauseofwaterpollution.Andwhentreescutdown,someanimalsdisappear.Thereismoreandmoredirtysmokeintheair.Peopleshealthhasbeengreataffectedbyair,noiseandwaterpollution.Manypeoplehavediedofdiseasescausingbypollution.Inordertolivethebetterlife,itstimeforustoprotectourworld.Weshouldrecycle,reduceandreusethings,whatsavesmoneyandreducespollution.Usethingssolongaspossible.Dontuseplasticbag.Besides,wemustplantmoretreesandstoppeoplecuttingitdown.Wehopeourworldwillbemoreandmorebeautiful.答案解析.语篇解读本文介绍了一项新的研究结果:人们“每天喝八杯水来保持健康”是一种误导性的认识,没有证据表明“每天喝八杯水”有什么好处,相反饮水过多会导致水中毒、低盐甚至死亡。1C细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“There is no evidence to prove the advantages of drinking eight glasses of water a day,scientists say.”科学家说没有证据来证明“每天喝八杯水”的好处,可知选C。2D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Besides drinking water,they will be getting plenty of liquid in other ways.Caffeinated drinks such as tea,coffee and cola and alcohol can help reach the daily total.”除了喝水,他们还能用很多其他方式得到大量的液体,诸如茶、咖啡、可乐及酒等含咖啡因的饮料能帮助人们达到日常所需的总量可知选D。3A细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“However,the benefits of drinking some water to prevent a pain in head after drinking too much alcohol are,separately,proved to be true.”可知,饮酒过多之后喝一些水可以防止头疼却被证明是真的。故答案为A。4B主旨大意题。本文在第一段点出主题:“Bottled water companies often repeat it to increase their sales but it is actually a silly idea.There is no evidence to prove the advantages of drinking eight glasses of water a day,scientists say.”,下文进行了具体的介绍。故选B。.语篇解读作者通过讲述飓风Ike来临前人们的准备和飓风走后的情况,告诉读者笑是一剂良药。给点儿时间,一切都会变好的。5C从上文的“Over the years,thanks to my lifes obstacles(障碍)”,可知,是飓风Ike让我充分领略了我们的力量之美和人类恢复的动力。observe观察;explore 探索;appreciate欣赏,感激;improve提高。故选C。6A飓风之后,人们会尽量恢复。recover恢复;apologize道歉;work工作;change改变。故选A。7D根据下句“While we enjoyed our holiday”可知,夏天妈妈有两个星期的假期。meeting会议;journey旅行;schedule时刻表;vacation假期。故选D。8C我们在德克萨斯东南部度假的时候,我们没有意识到Ike将会导致几个月可能几年的劳动。must必须;might可能;would将会;should应该。故选C。9A“eyes of Texas”更密切地观察飓风Ike。closely密切地;constantly连续地;warningly警告地;differently不同地。故选A。10B从下一句中的“Two days later,both oil and ice were in demand.”可知,人们为抵御飓风在做典型的最后一分钟疯狂购买供应品。adventure冒险;supply供给;equipment设备;report报告。故选B。11D根据上一句中的关键词mad rush for可知人们的购买程度。所以两天后,油和冰都需求量很高。basic基本的;pure纯的;neat整洁的;high高的。故选D。12B根据题后的“the storm in their homes”可知,一些邻居计划在家里度过风暴。put away收好,储存;get through接通,度过;test out检验;suffer from遭受。故选B。13C根据上文中的some neighbors和该空后的others可知,此处是两种人的不同做法。since自从;when当时候;while然而;until 直到。然而,其他的人在做最后的准备离开,这里表示对比,故选C。14D根据上文的“At first,we decided to stay.”以及表示转折意义的but可知HoustonGalveston地区将处于风暴的更危险的地带。awesome可怕的;abundant大量的;peaceful宁静的; dangerous危险的。故选D。15A根据常识可知:危难关头肯定只带贵重物品,所以,妈妈和我收拾了一些最重要的物品。precious珍贵的;concrete具体的;available可获得的;potential有潜力的。故选A。16B句意为:前往德克萨斯州东边的Lufkin小镇。set out出发;head for前往;settle down定居下来;watch out当心。故选B。17Alose失去;reduce减少;produce制作;provide提供。随着Ike深入内陆,我们在Lufkin时停电了,故选A。18Cgarden花园;pool水池;house房子;yard院子。星期天,我们的隔壁邻居通过电话告诉我们,我们的房子还在。故选C。19Bclearer更清楚;higher更高的;lower更低的;wilder更野蛮的。我们不会期望更高了,故选B。20Dpass通过;stand站;follow跟随;go消失。几小时后,邻居通知我们的烟囱没有了,故选D。21Cdig挖;fill填满;leave离开,遗留;kick踢。在两个天窗之间留了一个洞,故选C。22Dby通过;before在前面;after在后面;until直到。我们到9月17号才被允许回家。故选D。23Bin spite of虽然;instead of代替,而不是;apart from除了;in terms of依据,就而言。我的邻居简单不敢相信我是在开玩笑而不是在哭。故选B。24Alaughter笑声;will 意志;strength力量;faith信念。从上文作者的玩笑可知,面对灾难作者没有哭泣而是笑对人生。故选A。.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了发生在现实生活中的事情是怎样经过一步步的程序,最终刊登在报纸上的。25how考查宾语从句的引导词。句意为:你知道新闻是怎样刊登在报纸上的吗?分析句子结构可知,动词know后面的从句是宾语从句;从句中主谓宾俱全,但是根据句意和下文故事见报的过程可知,该句缺少方式状语,表示“怎样”应用how。故填how。26which考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知,此处是“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句,修饰先行词the scene。关系代词在从句中作宾语。故填which。27setting考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知,句中已有谓语动词finds out,因此此处为非谓语动词;又因动词短语set down与其逻辑主语he之间是主谓关系,且其动作发生的时间与句子谓语finds out发生的时间几乎同时,因此用现在分词的一般式作状语。故填setting。28professional考查词性转换。此处修饰名词photographer,需用形容词。故填professional。29towrite考查非谓语动词。allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事,是固定用法。故填towrite。30on考查介词。concentrate on专心于,集中精力在,是固定搭配。故填on。31isdone考查动词的时态、语态及主谓一致。此处叙述报纸的印刷过程,应用一般现在时;又因动词do和主语this之间是动宾关系,因此需用被动语态;再由于this是单数第三人称,所以be动词应用is。故填is done。32exactly考查词性转换。分析句子成分可知,所填词在句中作状语,应用副词形式。故填exactly。33is考查动词时态及主谓一致。“Only状语”位于句首时,句子需用部分倒装;由此可知,所填词为句子的谓语。根据“checks”可知,此处需用一般现在时,且主语the newspaper为单数第三人称。故填is。34printed考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知,此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰newspapers;又因print与newspapers之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,因此需用过去分词。故填printed。.Theenvironmentpollutionmoreandmoreserioustoday.Wehavenocleanwatertodrinkitbecauseofwaterpollution.Andwhentreescutdown,someanimalsdisappear.Thereismoreandmoredirtysmokeintheair.Peopleshealthhasbeenaffectedbyair,noiseandwaterpollution.Manypeoplehavediedofdiseasesbypollution.Inordertolivebetterlife,itstimeforustoprotectourworld.Weshouldrecycle,reduceandreusethings,savesmoneyandreducespollution.Usethingslongaspossible.Dontuseplastic.Besides,wemustplantmoretreesandstoppeoplecuttingdown.Wehopeourworldwillbemoreandmorebeautiful.
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