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Unit 4 Wildlife protection(一)课前自主学习.阅读单词知其意1wildlife n野生动植物2habitat n. 栖息地；(动植物的)自然环境3threaten vt.&vi. 恐吓；威胁4endanger vt. 危害；使受到危险5zone n. 地域；地带；地区6species n. 种类；物种7rub vt. 擦；摩擦8insect n. 昆虫 9extinction n. 灭绝；消亡.重点单词写其形1wild adj. 野生的；野的；未开发的；荒凉的2decrease vi.& vt. 减少；(使)变小；或变少3loss n. 损失；遗失；丧失4hunt vt.&vi. 打猎；猎取；搜寻5laughter n. 笑；笑声6certain adj. 确定的；某一；一定7importance n. 重要(性)8contain vt. 包含；容纳；容忍9powerful adj.纵联1 强大的；有力的10affect vt. 影响；感动；侵袭11attention n. 注意；关注；注意力12ine n. 收入13inspect vt. 检查；视察14incident n纵联2 事件；事变15disappearance n. 消失16fierce adj. 凶猛的；猛烈的17._ending n纵联3 结局；结尾18reserve n. 保护区.拓展单词通其变1appreciate vt.鉴赏；感激；意识到appreciation n感激；感谢2secure adj.安全的；可靠的security n安全3respond vi.回答；响应；做出反应response n回答；反应；响应4distant adj.远的；远处的；疏远的distance n距离；远方；疏远5relief n(痛苦或忧虑的)减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物relieve vt.使减轻；缓解6succeed vi.成功vt.接替；继任success n成功successful adj.成功的successfully adv.成功地7employ vt.雇用；利用(时间、精力等)employer n雇主employee n雇员；雇工employment n雇用；就业；职业；工作纵联48harm n&vt.损害；危害harmful adj.有害的harmless adj.无害的9protection n保护protect vt.保护；防卫10mercy n仁慈；宽恕；怜悯merciful adj.仁慈的；怜悯的纵联1.后缀ful家族真强大powerful强大的；有力的 harmful有害的doubtful怀疑的；疑惑的 faithful守信的forgetful健忘的 helpful有帮助的hopeful充满希望的 skillful熟练的successful成功的 wonderful精彩的纵联2.“事事”相连incident n. 事件；事变the July 7th Incident 七七事变accident n. 事故traffic accident 交通事故event n. 重大事件；比赛项目sports event 体育赛事纵联3.“派生名词(v.ing)”集锦ending结局；结尾 training训练；培养feeling感觉；感情 painting绘画；油画meeting会议 beginning开始；开端纵联4.“雇用”家族hire v& n. take onon hire employ vemployment n.engage vengagement n.单元话题动植物保护子话题1植物 root n根；根茎 bamboo n竹子branch n树枝；分枝 bush n灌木丛fibre (美fiber) n纤维 maple n枫树pine n松树 botanical adj.植物学的子话题2动物insect n昆虫 beast n野兽；牲畜butterfly n蝴蝶 tortoise n. 乌龟 giraffe n长颈鹿 goose (复 geese) n鹅kangaroo n袋鼠 squirrel n松鼠creature n生物；动物 leopard n豹子话题3生物保护evolution n. 进化；演变ecology n. 生态；生态学primitive adj. 原始的；远古的breakthrough n. 重大进展；突破clone n. 克隆(无性繁殖出来的个体)endangered adj. 濒临灭绝的natural reserve 自然保护区protect wildlife 保护野生生物学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)阅读中的词汇应用1(2014全国卷阅读A)During the first week of his stay, he went out one day to do some shopping.He came back in the late afternoon to discover that his suitcase was gone.He was extremely worried as the suitcase had all his important papers, including his passport.He reported the case to the police and then sat there，lost and lonely in a strange city, thinking of the terrible troubles of getting all the paperwork organised again from a distant country while trying to settle down in a new one.写出加黑词在本单元中的同根名词：importance_选择distant在句中的含义：_B_A疏远的B遥远的C远亲的2(2013天津高考阅读B) There is yet a population besides professional and amateur star observers that suffers even more from light pollution.This population consists of birds, bats, frogs, snakes, etc.For example, outdoor lighting severely affects migrating(迁徙的)birds. According to the International DarkSky Association, “100 million birds a year throughout North America die in crashes with lighted buildings and towers.”Countless more animal casualties (伤亡) result from the use of artificial lighting.Clearly, people enjoy the benefits of lighting their evenings, but some scientists think it can be harmful for humans, too.They worry that exposure to light while sleeping can increase a persons chances of getting cancer.写出加彩词在句中的含义：影响写出harmful在本单元中的同根名词：_harm_写出increase在本单元中的反义词：_decrease_高考采撷(二)写作中的词汇应用(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)1(2016天津高考书面表达)我们最为欣赏的是你们有强烈的团队精神，使我们高效地完成了任务。(appreciate)What_we_appreciated_most_was_that_you_had_a_strong_teamwork_spirit,_which_allowed_us_to_plete_our_tasks_very_efficiently.2. (2014福建高考书面表达)只要我们热情地追求我们的梦想，我们最终一定会成功。(succeed)As_long_as_we_have_the_enthusiasm_to_follow_our_dream,_we_are_sure_to_succeed_eventually. (二)课堂重点释疑1contain vt.包含；容纳；容忍；克制(强烈的感情等)记牢contain oneself克制自己；自制container n. 容器练通单句语法填空The stadium is large enough to_contain (contain) 100 thousand audience.Be especially careful of information contained (contain) in advertisements.He was so excited that he could hardly contain himself(he)辨清 contain, includecontain通常用来指某容器中盛有某物、装有某物；还可指某种物质中含有某种成分或含有其他物质，指作为组成部分而被包含或容纳在内include通常表示把某事物作为其中的一部分包含在内，在句中常构成分词短语sth.included或including sth.对比填空(contain/include)The container contains many kinds of fruits, including a pineapple/a pineapple included.写美补全句子(201711月浙江高考写作)饭后，每个人都会收到一个吉祥饰物和一个装着幸运钱的红包，并互相说一些幸运的话语。After the meal, a lucky charm and a red pocket which contains lucky money will be given to everyone and some lucky words are said to each other.2affect vt.影响；感动；侵袭记牢(1)be affected by 受的影响；被感动be affected with 感染疾病(2)effect n. 作用；影响have an effect/influence on 对产生影响练通单句语法填空The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those whose lives were_affected (affect)Affected with a high fever, he continued with his work.Think of the movies, books, teachers, and friends that have an effect on you most deeply.写美补全句子(2015江苏高考书面表达)交通问题不仅影响着我们的日常生活，而且也可能威胁到人们的生命。The_traffic_issue_not_only_affects_our_everyday_life,_but may also threaten peoples lives.3. appreciate vt.鉴赏；感激；意识到；欣赏；重视记牢(1)appreciaten./pron./v.ing重视/感激I would appreciate it if . 假如我将不胜感激(2)appreciation n. 欣赏；感激练通单句语法填空Id appreciate your writing (write) me back as soon as possible.Here I sincerely express my appreciation (appreciate) for helping me find the lost suitcase.用准appreciate后不能用不定式，而要用动名词作宾语。当appreciate, hate, dislike, love, like, depend/rely on等词后接宾语从句时，一般先加it，再接宾语从句。写美补全句子(2015陕西高考书面表达) 我曾帮助她成功地举办了几次班级英语活动，这得到了老师和同学们的赞赏。Successfully, I have lent a helping hand to her in several English activities of my class, which_has_been_appreciated_by_both_teachers_and_my_classmates.4succeed vi.成功vt.接替；继任记牢(1)succeed in doing sth.成功地做某事succeed sb. as 接替某人成为(2)successful adj. 成功的be successful in doing sth. 成功地做某事(3)success nU成功；成就C成功的人或事练通单句语法填空John succeeded Tom as chairman of the Students Union.It never occurred to me that you could succeed in persuading (persuade) him to change his mind.Success (succeed) consists in the ability to continue efforts through failures.Finally, I wish this years English speech petition a great success. 写美补全句子(20166月浙江高考书面表达)这句名言告诉我们，如果我们想取得成功，不仅要周密计划，还要彻底实施。The_saying_tells_us_that_if_we_want_to_succeed,_we should not only plan carefully but also act it out thoroughly.5employ vt.雇用；利用(时间、精力等)记牢(1)employ sb. as . 雇用某人任(职位)employ sb. to do sth. 雇用某人做某事 忙于(做)某事； 从事于某事(2)employer n. 雇主employee n. 雇员；雇工；受雇者employment n. 雇用；使用；工作；职业练通单句语法填空It is against the law to employ children under sixteen_to_work (work) for any firm or factory.For the past three years he has been employed as a firefighter.Chinese law prohibits the employment (employ) of children under 14.一句多译她忙着给花浇水，因此没有注意到发生的一切。She was_employed/employed_herself_in_watering_the_flowers,_so she did not notice what was happening.Employed_in_watering_the_flowers,_she did not notice what was happening.(过去分词短语作状语)Employing_herself_in_watering_the_flowers,_she did not notice what was happening.(现在分词短语作状语)写美升级加彩词汇(2017天津高考书面表达)I am busy with my lessons now, for the College Entrance Examination, which is very important to me, is near.am_employed_in词汇过关综合训练 .单词拼写1The boss in that pany is unwilling to employ (雇用) female workers.2Due to the strict traffic regulations on drunk driving, the number of accidents from it has greatly decreased (减少)3(2018天津高考)From the experience I learned a lot about how the attitude of the leader can affect (影响) the members of a team.4This incident (事件) really let me know that I have a long way to go.5When he opened the schoolbag, he found that it contained (包含) two books, a pen and an eraser.6The building is regularly inspected (检查) by the firesafety officer.7Success (成功) es to those who never give up.8The document is very important and it should be kept in a secure (安全的) place.单句语法填空1When I heard the sound of the motorboat fade away in the distance (distant), I felt heartbroken.2We must let everyone know the importance (important) of wildlife protection.3Yesterday I was caught in a storm. At first, I could feel my heart beating fiercely (fierce). But after a while, I calmed down.4He appreciated being_given (give) a chance to make a presentation in the annual seminar on parative Literature.5Mr. Lee decided to fight for the protection (protect) of the environment.6To our relief (relieve), the missing boy returned, safe and sound.7It is a rule that our luggage should_be_inspected (inspect) by customs officers.8. Judging by the response of the audience, the performance was quite success.一句多译1听众被深深地打动了，掌声经久不息。(affect)The audience was_deeply_affected,_and they warmly applauded for a long time.Deeply_affected,_the audience warmly applauded for a long time.(分词作状语)The audience, who_was_deeply_affected,_warmly applauded for a long time.(定语从句)2众所周知，观看暴力电视节目真的对孩子有害。As we know, watching violence on TV really_harms_children. (harm vt.)As we know, watching violence on TV really does harm to children/does children harm. (harm n)As we know, watching violence on TV is_really_harmful_to_children. (harmful).语境辨义根据语境选出动词employ的词义(A)忙于(B)运用；使用(C)雇用1If I am lucky enough to be employed, I will spare no effort to repay you for your trust._C_2Employed in writing a novel, she even doesnt have time to look after her son._A_3The report examines teaching methods employed in the classroom._B_(一)课前自主学习1._die_out 串记1灭亡；逐渐消失2in_peace 和平地；和睦地；安详地3in_danger_(of) 在危险中；垂危4in_relief 如释重负；松了口气5burst_into_laughter 突然笑起来；大声笑了出来6protect_._from 保护不受(危害)7pay_attention_to 串记2 注意8e_into_being 串记3 形成；产生9according_to 按照；根据所说10so_that 以至于；结果；为了11without_mercy 毫不怜悯地12do_harm_to 对有害同根短语串记串记1.时“隐”时“现”die out灭亡；逐渐消失 disappear vi.消失；失踪appear vi.出现 show up出现turn up出现；发生串记2.pay短语串联pay attention to注意 pay back偿还；报复pay a visit to参观；访问 pay for支付pay off还清(债务等)；付清串记3.“e inton.”短语一览e into being 形成；产生e into effect/force 开始生效；开始实行e into existence 形成；产生；开始存在e into power 开始执政e into use 开始使用1long to do sth. 渴望做某事2turn around 转身；环顾；翻身3a certain number of 一定(数)量的4almost at once 几乎一转眼5an unexpected_incident 一次意外事故6for sure 无疑地；确定地7._in such a short time 在这么短的时间里8in the last 500 years 在过去的500年里9an endangered species 濒临灭绝的物种1It shows the importance of wildlife protection, but Id like to help as_the_WWF_suggests.这体现了野生动植物保护的重要性，不过，我还是想按照世界野生生物基金会的建议来帮助你们。2After a while she saw some zebra with_black_and_white_lines_going beneath their stomachs. 过了一会儿她看到了一些斑马，它们身上有从上一直延伸到腹部的黑白相间的条纹。3They learned this from the_way the bones were joined together.他们是根据(恐龙)骨骼的连接方式了解到这一点的。4This is the only home of the red Colobus monkey but there_are_very_few_left.这里是红髯猴唯一的家园，但是现在所剩无几了。学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)阅读中的短语(补全句子)1(2015四川高考阅读D)Their cheery song brightens many a winters day. But robins are in_danger_of (在危险中) wearing themselves out by singing too much.2(2014广东高考完形填空)According_to (根据) a recent research, the most mon argument between parents and teenagers is that regarding untidiness and daily routine tasks.高考采撷(二)写作中的短语和句式(补全句子)1(2015四川高考书面表达)至于说普通话，最好多注意发音。As for speaking Mandarin, its better to_pay_much_attention_to_pronunciation.2(2014湖南高考写作)众所周知，鞋子在生活中发挥着重要作用，因为它能保护我们的脚不受伤害。(protect .from)As is known to us all, shoes play an important role in our life, for it can_protect_our_feet_from_being_hurt. 3(2018全国卷书面表达)如果你按照我告诉你的去做，我相信你会玩得很愉快。(as)If_you_do_as_I_tell_you,_I am sure you will have a great time.4(2015全国卷书面表达)我们学校的报纸上有一个栏目叫“外国文化”。(there be .)In the newspaper of our school there_is_a_column_called “Foreign Cultures”. (二)课堂重点释疑短语集释1protect . from保护不受(危害)记牢(1)protect . against保护以免(2) 阻止做练通单句语法填空Troops have been sent to protect aid workers against attack.We should devote ourselves to protecting these animals from being_killed (kill)一句多译必须采取有效措施保护环境免受污染。Effective measures must be taken to protect the environment from/against pollution.(protect)Effective measures must be taken to prevent/keep/stop the environment from being polluted.(prevent/keep/stop)用准以上短语在被动语态中from均不可省去，而在主动语态中，与stop/prevent搭配的from可以省略。写美补全句子为了保护中国长江江豚(the finless porpoise)免于灭绝，我们真诚希望你们能采取一些措施。In_order_to_protect_the_finless_porpoises_from_extinction,_we sincerely hope you can help take some measures. 2pay attention to注意；留意记牢draw/attract/catch ones attention引起某人的注意turn ones attention to . 把注意力转移到fix/focus/concentrate ones attention on . 把注意力集中在练通 单句语法填空In order to protect the balance of nature, the professor suggested that we (should) pay attention to improving (improve) peoples environmental awareness.He stood there, his attention fixed (fix) on the notice on the wall. 写美补全句子我们要积极参加各种体育运动并注重心理健康，它与身体健康同等重要。We_need_to_be_active_in_all_kinds_of_sports_and_pay_attention_to_mental_health,_which is equal to physical health.句式集释主句the way定语从句教材原句They learned this from the_way the bones were joined together.悟拓展例句(1)I think you hurt his pride by laughing at the_way_(that/in_which) he speaks English.我觉得你嘲笑他说英语的方式伤害了他的自尊心。(2)The_way_that/which came up at the meeting was unpractical.在会议上提出的方法不切实际。(3)Is this the way you can imagine to_reduce/of_reducing_air_pollution?这是你能想到的减少空气污染的方法吗？析用法规则(1)way表示“方式；方法”时，其后常接in which或that引导的定语从句，也可以将关系词in which或that省略掉，此时关系词在从句中作状语。(2)way后接定语从句时，如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语则用关系代词that/which，作宾语时还可以省略，作主语时不可省略。(3)way表示“方式；方法”时，其后还可接不定式或of doing sth.形式。背写作佳句(1)Yet in modern society somebody has to do ordinary jobs such as cleaning streets because this is the way society is organized.(要点句)(2)School activities are usually considered a good way to make new friends and develop new interests.(要点句)词块、句式过关综合训练 .选词填空die out， in danger of， e into being， in peace， according to， protect .from， burst into laughter， pay attention to1She was badly wounded and in_danger_of_losing her life at any time.2More and more animals have been hunted, some of which are dying_out.3Im curious to know when the dance club first came_into_being.4._According_to what he said, he didnt get what he had wanted.5People of different religions have lived together_in_peace for centuries in this country.6He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight.7We should pay_attention_to the pronunciation of the words when learning English.8The whole class_burst_into_laughter when they heard the joke.根据提示补全句子1诚实地说，我们钦佩他解决那个问题的方法。(the way)To be honest, we admired the_way_(in_which/that)_he_solved_the_problem.2许多运动员参加奥运会为的就是能为祖国赢得荣誉。(so that) Many athletes take part in the Olympic Games so that they can win glory for their homeland. 3我们最好不要动这些东西，直到警察到来。(as) Wed better leave_things_as_they_are until the police arrive. 4快点，我们赶上最后一班车的时间不多了。(there be . left .)Hurry up, there_is_little_time_left_for_us to catch up with the last bus. .应用文分步写作假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Leslie打算到中国成都大熊猫繁育研究基地(Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding) 参观，请你写封邮件，给他一些建议。内容包括：1出行方式；2出游季节；3其他注意事项。注意：1.词数80左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点1审题：文体：建议信人称：主要是第二人称时态：主要是一般现在时2拟点：通过审题，由题目和写作要求可以从以下三个方面来写作。开头：陈述得知消息后的个人心情。主体：提出建议，出行方式(乘飞机和高铁)；出游季节(在秋天参观)；其他注意事项(记住穿步行鞋)。结尾：表达希望。要点1：我很高兴得知你打算到中国成都大熊猫繁育研究基地参观。(more than)Im_more_than_glad_to_know_you_will_pay_a_visit_to_Chengdu_Research_Base_of_Giant_Panda_Breeding_in_China. 要点2：对你来说乘飞机和高铁旅行都很方便。It_is_convenient_for_you_to_travel_both_by_airplane_and_by_highspeed_train.要点2：在秋天参观也是一个好主意。It_is_also_a_good_idea_that_you_take_a_tour_in_autumn.要点2：一定要记住穿步行鞋。Do_remember_to_wear_walking_shoes.要点3：希望你在中国玩得愉快。Hope_you_will_have_a_good_time_in_China.第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼为使内容更充实，我们可以通过添加定语或状语对要点进行适度拓展。例如：要点2可以添加when引导的定语从句来说明这时候参观的好处。拓展要点2：在秋天参观也是一个好主意，这个时候你或许有机会看到新生的熊猫宝宝。(when引导定语从句)It_is_also_a_good_idea_that_you_take_a_tour_in_autumn,_when_you_may_have_a_chance_to_watch_newlyborn_baby_pandas.第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡本写作可采用三段式作文，第一段可用“The following are my suggestions.”作为过渡句承接上文，引出下段；第二段可增加first， second， at last衔接词，作好衔接过渡；第三段可用表达希望作为结尾。Dear_Leslie，Im_more_than_glad_to_know_you_will_pay_a_visit_to_Chengdu_Research_Base_of_Giant_Panda_Breeding_in_China.The_following_are_my_suggestions.First,_it_is_convenient_for_you_to_travel_both_by_airplane_and_by_highspeed_train.Second,_it_is_also_a_good_idea_that_you_take_a_tour_in_autumn,_when_you_may_have_a_chance_to_watch_newlyborn_baby_pandas._At_last,_do_remember_to_wear_walking_shoes.Hope_you_will_have_a_good_time_in_China.Yours_sincerely，Li_Hua理清文体结构之(九)记叙文之说理“起伏跌宕”话真理记叙文中的说理是指文章在叙述描写的基础上，辅以恰当的议论，以表明作者的态度、观点、思想和目的。在结构上，可采用“以叙为主，兼顾议论”，“先叙后议”或“夹叙夹议”的写作模式。阅读此类记叙文时应关注文中“起伏跌宕”的故事情节，这是文中说理的依据和来源。高考典例2017天津卷B篇在“起伏跌宕”中悟真理1Fifteen years ago, I took a summer vacation in Lecce in southern Italy. After climbing up a hill for a panoramic (全景的) view of the blue sea, white buildings and green olive trees, I paused to catch my breath and then positioned myself to take the best photo of this panorama.2Unfortunately, just as I took out my camera, a woman approached from behind, and planted herself right in front of my view. Like me, this woman was here to stop, sigh and appreciate the view.3Patient as I was, after about 15 minutes, my camera scanning the sun and reviewing the shot I would eventually take, I grew frustrated. Was it too much to ask her to move so I could take just one picture of the landscape? Sure, I could have asked her, but something prevented me from doing so. She seemed so content in her observation. I didnt want to mess with that.4Another 15 minutes passed and I grew bored. The woman was still there. I decided to take the photo anyway. And now when I look at it, I think her presence in the photo is what makes the image interesting. The landscape, beautiful on its own, somehow es to life and breathes because this woman is engaging with it.5This photo, with the unique beauty that unfolded before me and that woman who “ruined” it, now hangs on a wall in my bedroom. What would she think if she knew that her figure is captured (捕捉) and frozen on some strangers bedroom wall? A bedroom, after all, is a very private space, in which some woman I dont even know has been immortalized (使永存). In some ways, she lives in my house.6Perhaps we all live in each others spaces. Perhaps this is what photos are for: to remind us that we all appreciate beauty, that we all share a mon desire for pleasure, for connection, for something that is greater than us.7That photo is a reminder, a captured moment, an unspoken conversation between two women, separated only by a thin square of glass.1.起(第1段)抓拍美景2.伏(第2段)美女挡道(可解41题)3.跌(第3段)沮丧犹豫再等待(可解42题)4.宕(第45段)厌烦灵感天人合一的照片(可解43题)5.说理(67段)appreciate share(可解44题)reminder (可解45题)
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