资源描述
HomeworkChecking,WhatisHeroicCouplet?1、押尾韵对偶句2、韵尾为AABBCCDD.不重复3、五音步抑扬格poemsconstructedfromrhymedcoupletof5accentsiniambicmeter.简史p.26,MeticalRhythmofTheCanterburyTales,AssoonasAprilpiecestotheroot-/-/-/-/-/ThedroughtofMarch,andbatheseachbudandshoot-/-/-/-/-/Througheveryveinofsapwithgentleshowers-/-/-/-/-/Fromwhoseengenderingliquorspringtheflowers-/-/-/-/-/Iambicpentameter五步抑扬格,Historicalbackground,1.theHundredYearsWar(13371453):awakenationalconsciousnessinEngland.FrenchwasgraduallyreplacedbyEnglishnativetongue.2.TheBlackDeath(1348-1350)killed30%to60%ofEuropespopulation3.thepeasantuprisingof1381:theconflictbetweenthepeasantsandfeudallords.4.1360-1400thesummitofMiddleEnglishLiterature.,Content,I.ChaucersLifeII.ChaucersLiteraryCareerIII.TheCanterburyTalesIV.ChaucersContribution,I.ChaucersLife(1343-1400),thefounder(father)ofEnglishpoetrythefatherofEnglishLiterature为什么不是英国文学中里程碑式的人物“莎翁”呢？founderofEnglishrealismWhy?简史p.23thefirststorytellerandthefirstmodernpoetinEnglishliterature,I.ChaucersLife(1343-1400),Bornin1343asthesonofaprosperouswinemerchantinLondon.MostprobablyeducatedinOxfordandCambridge.In1357GeoffreyisfoundintheserviceofElizabeth,CountessofUlsterIn1359,WenttoFranceat19ononeofthecampaignsoftheHundredYearsWar.SenttoItalyondiplomaticmissions.In1373,AppointedcontrollerofCustomsatLondon.In1386,electedasMPbutdismissedsoonDiedin1400,firstpoetburiedinWestminsterAbbey.,famousItalianwritersoftheRenaissanceperiod,DanteAlighieri1265-1321但丁Commedia/DivineComedy神曲GiovanniBoccaccio1313-1375薄伽丘Decameron十日谈FrancescoPetrarca1304-1374IlCanzoniere歌集,WestminsterAbbey它的力量催得百花芬芳WhenalsoZephyruswithhissweetbreath,和煦西风携带甜蜜气息Exhalesanairineverygroveandheath,泽被一片片丛林和荒地Uponthetendershoots,andtheyoungsun赐予给它们青春及生命,Hishalf-courseinthesignoftheRamhasrun,朝升的太阳奔跑过半程Andthesmallfowlaremakingmelody鸟雀啁啾，欢唱爱情Thatsleepawaythenightwithopeneye让沉寂的黑夜张开眼睛(SoNaturepricksthemandtheirheartengages)自然在撩拨众生的情怀Thenpeoplelongtogoonpilgrimages,心存敬仰之人将去朝拜Andpalmerslongtoseethestrangestrands,人们踏上通向天国之路Offar-offsaints,hallowedinsundrylands.前往著名的遥远圣域Andspecially,fromeveryshireend他们在每一处村落集聚,OfEngland,downtoCanterburytheywend,从英格兰到坎特伯雷去Toseektheholyblissfulmartyr,quick朝觐身受福泽的殉道者Togivehishelptothemwhentheyweresick他曾护佑过广大受难者Ithappenedinthatseasonthatoneday就在这时节，就在其中的一天，InSouthwark,atTheTabard,asIlay我正住在萨瑟克的泰巴旅店，Readytogoonpilgrimagesandstart已经满心虔诚地准备好登程，ForCanterbury,mostdevoutatheart,专诚去坎特伯雷那地方朝圣。Atnighttherecameintothathostelry在那天傍晚，有二十九位旅客,Somenineandtwentyinacompany来到了这客店，他们形形色色，Ofsundryfolkhappeningthentofall全都是在路上彼此萍水相逢，Infellowship,andtheywerepilgrimsall全都是跨着坐骑要前去朝圣，ThattowardsCanterburymeanttoride而坎特伯雷是他们去的地方。Theroomsandstablesoftheinnwerewide;旅店的房间和马厩都很宽敞，Theymadeuseasy,allwasofthebest,把我们个个安顿得十分舒适。And,briefly,whenthesunhadgonetorest,不久后太阳从地平线上消失，Idspokentothemalluponthetrip我同他们每个人都作了交谈，,Andwassoononewiththeminfellowship,很快就成了他们当中的一员。Pledgedtoriseearlyandtotaketheway大家约定来日上路要起个早，ToCanterbury,asyouheardmesay.而路上的情形，下面我会说到。Butnonetheless,whileIhavetimeandspace,但是既然我有很充裕的时间，Beforemystorytakesafurtherpace,在我进一步细述这故事之前，Itseemsareasonablethingtosay我觉得比较合情合理的做法Whattheirconditionwas,thefullarray是根据我对他们各人的观察，Ofeachofthem,asitappearedtome,把我看到的情况全告诉你们：,Accordingtoprofessionanddegree,他们是什么人，属于哪个阶层，Andwhatappareltheywereridingin;甚至还要说说他们穿的衣裳AndataKnightIthereforewillbegin.现在我就从一位骑士开始讲。TherewasaKnight,amostdistinguishedman,这位骑士是个勇敢的男子汉，Whofromthedayonwhichhefirstbegan从他一开始骑着马闯荡人间，Torideabroadhadfollowedchivalry,就热爱骑士精神和荣誉正义，Truth,honour,freedomandallcourtesy.就讲究慷慨豁达与温文有礼。Hehaddonenoblyinhissovereignswar,在他君主的战事中表现英勇，,Andriddenintobattle,nonemorefar他南征北战处处都留下行踪，AswellinChristendomasinheathenplaces,在基督徒世界或在异教之邦，Andeverhonouredforhisnoblegraces.他都因为有勇气而备受颂扬WhenwetookAlexandria,hewasthere.攻下亚历山大城时他就在场；Heoftensatattableinthechair他在普鲁士的多次庆功宴上，Ofhonour,aboveallnations,wheninPrussia.比各国骑士优先，坐上了首席；OnLithuaniahehadridden,andRussia,与身份同他一样的基督徒比，NoChristianmansooften,ofhisdegree.他在立陶宛、俄罗斯战功最大；,InfarGranadaatthesiegewashe围攻阿尔赫西拉斯他也参加，OfAlgeciras,andinBenamarin.并且驰骋在柏尔马利亚作战；AtAyasandAttaliawashewhen他与人一起把阿塔利亚攻占，Theywerewon;andintheMediterraneanSea也把阿亚斯攻克；在地中海上Hehadbeenwithmanyanoblearmy.他率领大批高贵的战士出航。Infifteenmortalbattleshehadbeen他曾十五次投入殊死的战斗，AndfoughtforourfaithatTlemcen又为我们的信仰，三次把敌手Threetimesinthelists,andalwayskilledhisfoe.杀死在特莱姆森的比武场上。,Thissamedistinguishedknighthadbeenalso他一度侍奉帕拉希亚的君王，AtonetimewiththelordofPalatia在那段时间里我们这位骑士AgainstanotherheatheninTurkey;征讨土耳其异教徒的另一支：Hewasofsovereignvalueinalleyes.每次赢得最高荣誉的总是他。Andthoughsodistinguished,hewaswise尽管他极其勇敢却世事洞达，Andinhisbearingmodestasamaid.举止的温和简直就像是姑娘；Heneveryetaboorishthinghadsaid一生中他不管遇到什么对象，Inallhislifetoany,comewhatmight;也从来都不曾说过一句粗话。,Hewasatrulyperfectgentle-knight.这骑士真是忠贞、完美又温雅。Speakingofhisequipment,hepossessed现在我告诉你们他那副装备：Finehorses,buthewasnotgailydressed.他的马虽好，衣着却并不华美。Heworeafustiantunicstainedanddark穿的是一袭粗布的无袖长衣，Withsmudgeswherehisarmourhadleftmark;已被他锁子甲弄得满是污迹；Hehadjustcomebackfromhisvoyage,因为他是远征后刚乘船归来，Andnowwasgoingonthispilgrimage.接着便上路来进行这次朝拜。,TheKnight,WasanhonorablewarriorwhofoughtforChristianityagainsttheheathens.Appropriatethatheisthefirstpilgrimtobeintroducedbecausehestandsatthetopofthesocialhierarchy,thusisthemostsociallyprominentpersononthejourney.Tellsthefirststory;manyofferhimcompliments.Allofthebattlesmentionedthathefoughtinwerereligiouswarsofsomekind.,TheKnight,Prologuesdescription:WorthymanLovedthefollowingChivalryFidelityHonor(goodreputation)GenerositycourtesyHonoredforhisworthinessinwar,TheFunctionofTheGeneralPrologueinTheCanterburyTales,ThePrologueprovidesaframeworkforthetales.Itcontainsagroupofvividsketchesoftypicalmedievalfigures.AllclassesoftheEnglishfeudalsociety,excepttheroyaltyandthepoorestpeasant,arerepresentedbythesethirtypilgrims.ItisnoexaggerationtosaythattheProloguesuppliesaminiatureoftheEnglishsocietyofChaucerstime.Lookingathisword-pictures,weknowatoncehowpeoplelivedinthatera.ThatiswhyChaucerhasbeencalled“thefounderofEnglishrealism”.Ontheotherhand,thereisalsoanintimateconnectionbetweenthetalesandthePrologue,bothcomplementeachother.,Chaucersgreatestworkandthegreaterpartofitwaswritteninheroiccouplets.Atrue-to-lifepictureofChaucerstime;ItgivesacomprehensivepictureofChaucerstime.Thegentleclass-theburgher(市民)-theprofessionalsExposesandsatirizestheevilsofhistimePresentingChaucershumanisticviews,ThesignificanceofTheCanterburyTales,ChaucersContribution,1.ForerunnerofHumanismHepraisedmansenergy,intellect,quickwitandloveoflife.2.ThefirstrealisticwriterHistalesexposeandsatirizetheevilsofthetime.3.FatherofEnglishpoetry.HeintroducedfromItalyandFrancetherhymedstanzaofvarioustypes,especiallyheroiccouplettoEnglishpoetry,insteadoftheoldAnglo-Saxonalliterativeverse.,ChaucersContribution,4.MasteroftheEnglishlanguageHewasthefirstgreatpoetwhowroteinEnglishlanguage(MiddleEnglish),thusestablishingEnglishastheliterarylanguage.HedidmuchinmakingtheLondondialectthefoundationformodernEnglishlanguage.,ChaucersContributiontoEnglishPoetry,ChaucerscontributiontoEnglishpoetrylieschieflyinthefactthatheintroducedfromFrancetherhymedstanzaofvarioustypes,especiallytherhymedcoupletof5accentsiniambicmeter(theheroiccouplet)toEnglishpoetry,insteadoftheoldAnglo-Saxonalliterativeverse.,Homework,Read简史p.30-31WhatisRenaissance?andHumanism?Watch大明宫词10、11集Preview选读p.9-10,15-16,
展开阅读全文