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第五讲图“简”意“深”，巧解漫画、图画类写作一、题型特点图画类作文要求将画面所包含的信息转换成文字，旨在避免汉语思维，要求直接用英语思维。它要求根据图画提供的图像信息写一篇短文，包括叙述一个故事，或通过几幅相关的图画说明某个问题或得出结论。图画类作文就内容而言，可以写观察到的内容，也可以根据合理想象适当进行发挥来补充一些内容；就表达方式而言，可以单纯地理解、说明，也可以在说明中加以描写、叙述，因此该类文体不仅具有一定的观察分析能力，还要有较强的语言表达能力、想象力和逻辑思维能力。写好图画类作文的关键是：一定要根据自己掌握的词汇与熟悉的句型结构构思短文内容，并直接用英语表达，千万不要先想好一句句的中文，然后逐句译成英文，那样就往往会超出自己的英语水平，作文中就会出现“生造”的英语句子，难免会出错。另外，对于与图画无关的事要少写，还要注意人称、时态的呼应，整个作文要通篇考虑。二、写作技巧1.写作要领(1)准确审题。这是看图作文写作的基础。准确审题就是注意文体、人物和时态。(2)把握情境。这是看图作文的关键。要根据图画，合理想象，围绕特定的主题，把握情景，(利用图中人物间的关系、人物的对话、人物的活动及所处场所，以及图中的文字说明和标识来)提炼要点等。(3)发表感想。围绕主题展开合理的想象，发表自己的联想或感想。2.具体步骤(1)认真审题首先要看题头的汉语要求或提示，通常包括：审文体，如是要求写说明文还是记叙文；审时态，如若是写日记用过去时；审人称；审要求。(2)看懂图意把图片展示的时间、地点、人物、事件等有机地串联起来，使之成为内容连贯完整的故事或事件。注意：文字说明和参考词汇对我们理解图画的意思非常有用。(3)组织要点在看懂图画的基础上，最好在草稿纸上逐条列出要点，以免遗漏。若是几幅图，要列出各图的大意，然后将所列要点用完整地道的英语句子表达出来。(4)连句成篇首先，在理清句子之间的关系后选用恰当的关联词语，把句子连接成文。其次，要避免句子结构的单调重复。最重要的是，如果发现上下句之间跳跃性太大，没有逻辑关系时，要根据自己的生活经验，适当发挥想象，增加合理细节，使文段衔接自然，行文流畅。文末应尽量加上适当的结束语，以使文章结构完整。【典例示范】 (江苏卷)请根据你对以下两幅图的理解，以“Actions Speak Louder than Words”为题，用英语写一篇作文。参考词汇：banner(横幅)；stump(树桩)你的作文应包括以下内容：1.简要描述两幅图的内容；2.概述你对两幅图中不同做法的理解；3.举例说明两幅图对你的启示。注意：1.可参照图片适当发挥；2.作文词数150左右；3.作文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、姓名等。Actions Speak Louder than Words参考范文Actions Speak Louder than WordsPeople celebrate Earth Day differently.In Picture 1，a man is trying to put up a banner on a lonely tree surrounded by stumps，but in vain，while Picture 2 shows a couple happily planting trees.The message conveyed here is clear：“Actions speak louder than words.” Our earth is suffering severe damage.Should we just pay lip service or take practical measures to protect it？The answer is definitely the latter.Immediate action should be taken，like stopping cutting down trees，to better the environment.Actions are important in other fields，too.Instead of shouting empty slogans，it is more meaningful to donate books and sports goods to children in need.We should strictly and voluntarily follow traffic rules，stopping at the red light rather than plaining about traffic jams.Only when we match our words with actions can we make a difference in whatever we hope to acplish.能力提升练1(江苏卷)下面这幅照片展现了女儿为回家妈妈拿包的情景。请根据你对这幅照片的理解用英语写一篇短文。你的短文应包含以下内容：1.描述照片内容，如情景、人物、动作，等等；2.结合自身实际，谈谈你的感想；3.举例说明你能为家长减负做些什么。注意：1.可参照图中文字及下面文章开头所给提示，作必要的发挥想象。2.词数150左右。开头已经写好，不计入总词数。3.作文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。The burden of students has been a hot topic for years，but the load of parents has received little attention，especially from their own children.参考范文The_burden_of_students_has_been_a_hot_topic_for_years,_but_the_load_of_parents_has_received_little_attention,_especially_from_their_own_children.The picture shows us a touching moment when a little girl es to greet her working mom. Realizing her mom must be very tired after a days work, the girl helps to remove the bag from her shoulder. In response, the mom kneels down to show how happy and thankful she feels.All this reminds me of my mother who has been doing whatever she could to let me have the best. But, totally engaged in my own study, I seldom pay my attention to what mother needs and feels, and always think studying well is the only thing I could do in return. Now I know I can do my bit to help with the everyday washing, bedroom cleaning, or at least prepare breakfast myself, so as to share mothers daily burden. The picture convinces me it is even more important to be a good daughter than a “good” student.能力提升练2(2018江苏扬州中学5月模拟)请根据下面的漫画，结合你自己的切身体会，以“How to face the College Entrance Examination”为题，用英语写一篇短评。 要求：1. 着重描述漫画所表达的现象以及你的看法，可适当发挥想象，不要做简单描述； 2.词数150左右；3.参考词汇：补脑汁 tonics参考范文How to face the College Entrance ExaminationIn the cartoon, a Senior 3 student is reading in bed and taking some tonics, with many books beside his bed. Seeing it, I cant help wondering whether Senior 3 students should take a lot of tonics to keep fit. I dont think it necessary to do it. Taking tonics will cause us to put on weight, which is bad for our health. Whats more, the price of tonics is rather high. Then what should we do to face the College Entrance Examination? In my view, we can make progress if we take the following advice. Firstly, we should work hard, do more practice and use our mind whenever we meet with problems. Secondly, try to build up our confidence, never give up or lose heart whatever happens. We also should keep a good state of mind. Thirdly, we must create our own way of learning and seek help from both teachers and classmates. Finally, we should have enough nutrients and do more physical exercise so as to keep fit. Dont stay up! Make efforts, and we will succeed.能力提升练3(2018江苏淮阴高三模拟)请根据你对以下两幅图的理解， 以” Bring Back A Blue Sky” 为题用英语写一篇作文。 1.简要描述两幅图的内容。 2.概述你对两幅图中不同做法的理解。 3.谈谈这两幅图对你的启示。 注意：可参考图片适当发挥；作文词数150左右。参考词汇：秸秆straw；雾霾 smog参考范文Bring Back A Blue Sky People take different attitudes towards environmental protection. In Picture 1, a farmer is burning straws, black smoke rising into the air.Obviously, the farmer hasnt recognized what damage straw burning will causesmog, a kind of heavy air pollution. Picture 2 shows some volunteers launch a campaign to call attention to the issue.Which action in the pictures should we take？Definitely the action in Picture 2. Immediate measures should be taken to raise peoples awareness of environmental protection.We have only one earth. We want to bring back a blue sky. In my opinion, the government should adopt new policies to ban farmers from burning straws. Besides, various activities need to be organized to make it clear to people that everyone is responsible for a healthy environment. Meanwhile, it would be rewarding to educate people about ways of living that benefit the environment. Lets work together right now!
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