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Unit4BodyLanguage,Grammar,本课件主要介绍动词-ing形式作定语和状语，做练习启发学生思考，通过示例引导学生总结出动词-ing形式在什么情况下作状语或定语。举例说明如果动词-ing形式出现在名词前后，并修饰该名词，一般作定语，该定语可变为介词短语或定语从句。举例说明如果动词-ing形式用于修饰某动词或整个句子时作状语，可变换为状语从句。作状语时对谓语起修饰和陪衬作用，表示时间，原因，条件，让步，结果，方式或伴随情况。最后让学生做练习，题型涉及造句，填空，改错和单选，让学生当堂完成，及时巩固。,Grammar,一:V-ing形式由“doing”构成,其否定形式是“notdoing”,V-ing可以带宾语或状语构成V-ing短语,没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。,V-ing形式,(not)doing,(not)beingdone,(not)havingdone,(not)havingbeendone,V-ing形式在句中作定语和状语是本单元的学习重点。,1.作定语V-ing形式可以单独充当名词的前置修饰语,这时有两种情况。-ing形式表示“供作.之用”的意思,这类作定语的-ing形式过去叫动名词。Aswimmingpool=apoolforswimming,Asleepingcar,=acarforsleeping,2)-ing形式表示“.的”意思,过去叫现在分词Asleepingchildworkingpeopletherisingsun,-ing形式短语作定语时一般放在它所修饰的名词之后,相当于一个定语从句。如:Theyarevisitorscomingfromseveralcountries.Theboystandingthereisaclassmateofmine.,2.作状语可以表示时间,原因,结果,条件,行为方式或伴随动作等。,Usingyourhead,youllfindagoodway.,条件,1)Fourpeopleenteredtheroomlookingaroundinacuriousway.=Fourpeopleentertheroomandlookedaroundinacuriousway.(伴随动作)2)Beingpoor,hecouldntaffordaTVset.,(原因),3)Workinghard,youllsurelysucceed.,条件,4)Theboysatinfrontofthefarm-house,cuttingthebranch.,伴随,5)Hecamerunningbacktotellmethenews.,方式,6)(When)Hearingthenews,hegotfrightened.=Whenheheardthenews,hegotfrightened.(时间,可以在分词前保留when),7)Thechildslippedandfell,hittinghisheadagainstthedoor.,结果,AttentionPlease,-ing形式作状语时,它的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语是一致的。,Timepermitting,Iwillpayavisittothewholecity.(分词的逻辑主语是time,而句子的主语是I,两者不构成主谓关系,所以只能用独立主格结构,也就是给现在分词补充一个主语。),theBritishlady,theColumbian,theJapanese,theCanadian,Youseeherstepbackappearingsurprised.,HisnosetouchesMr.Cooksmovinghand.,Youseeherstepbackappearingsurprised.=Youseeherstepbackandsheappearssurprised.,Theyalsoexpresstheirfeelingsusingunspokenlanguage.,=Theyalsoexpresstheirfeelingsbythewayofusingunspokenlanguage.,HisnosetouchedMr.Cooksmovinghand.=HisnosetouchedMr.Cookshandwhichismoving.,=Theyarevisitorswhocomefromseveralcountries.,Theyarevisitorscomingfromseveralcountries.,=Thisisanexperiencewhichisexciting.,Thisisanexcitingexperience.,1.WhenheapproachedMsSmith,hetouchedhershoulderandkissedher._MsSmith,hetouchedhershoulderandkissedher.,Rewritethefollowingsentences.,When,approaching,2.Thepersonwhoistranslatingthesongscanspeaksevenlanguages.Theperson_canspeaksevenlanguages.,translating,the,songs,3.Theboystandingthereisreadingabookaboutbodylanguage.Theboy_thereisreadingabookaboutbodylanguage.,who,is,standing,4.BecausehecomesfromJordan,hemovesclosetoaskyouaquestion._Jordan,hemovesclosetoaskyouaquestion.,Coming,from,5.Shesatatthedeskanddidherhomework.Shesatatthedesk_.,doing,her,homework,Usingstructures,holdinarms,cry,appearsad,Thewomanholdshersoninarms,cryingandappearingverysad.Thewomancriesloudly,holdinghersoninarms.,box,hitontheface,move,steps,Thetwoboxingmentrytohittheotherontheface,movingtheirstepscarefully.,ski,laugh,exciting,MickeyandMimiareskiingdownthehill,laughingalltheway.Whatanexcitingsceneitis!,dance,sing,raisearmsup,amazingmusic,MickeyandMimiaredancingtoamazingmusic,singingandraisingtheirarms.,KoalaBear,carry,climb,searchforfood,Carryingherlittlebabyontheback,themotherKoalaBearclimbsupthetrees,searchingforfood.,1.Havingnotseenthefilm,IcanttellyouwhatIthinkofit.2.Themenworkedforextrahoursgotanextrapay.3.Seenfromthetopofthehill,wefindthecitymorebeautiful.4.Generallyspeak,facialexpressionsarehelpfulcommunications,too.,Nothaving,working,Seeing,speaking,单句改错,5.“Cantyouread?”themansaid,angrilypointedtothenoticeonthewall.6.Knockingatthedoorbeforeentering,please.7.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,madeitthemostpopularsportintheworld.,pointing,Knock,making,1.Thestrangersaidsomethingina_voiceandthelittlegirlwasverymuch_A.frightening,frightenedB.frightened,frighteningC.frightening,frighteningD.frightened,frightened,Choosethebestanswer.,2._thepiano,someonesuddenlyknockedatthedoor.A.PlayingB.WhenIwasplayingC.RepairingD.Examining,3.Mothercaughttheboy_inthecorner.A.smokeB.tosmokeC.beingsmokedD.smoking,4._theprogramme,theyhavetostaythereforanother2weeks.A.NotcompletingB.NotcompletedC.NothavingcompletedD.Havingnotcompleted,5.“Wecantgooutinthisweather”,saidBob,_outofthewindow.A.lookingB.tolookC.lookedD.havinglooked,6.Though_money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.A.lackedB.lackingofC.lackingD.lackedin,7.Thebell_theendoftheperiodrang,_ourheateddiscussion.A.indicating;interruptingB.indicated;interruptingC.indicating;interruptedD.indicated;interrupted,8._suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.A.HavingsufferedB.SufferingC.TosufferD.Suffered,9.Helookedaroundandcaughtaman_hishandintothepocketofapassenger.A.putB.tobeputtingC.toputD.putting,10.Suddenly,atallmandrivingagoldencarriage_thegirlandtookheraway,_intothewoods.A.seizing;disappearedB.seized;disappearedC.seizing;disappearingD.seized;disappearing,11._inthequeueofhalfanhour.Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.A.TowaitB.HavewaitedC.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaited,12.Thepicture_onthewallispaintedbymynephew.A.HavinghungB.hangingC.hangsD.beinghung,13.Generallyspeaking,_accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.A.whentakingB.whentakenC.whentotakeD.whentobetaken,
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