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Section Grammar,一,二,一、阅读下列句子,指出句子中画线部分的从句类型 1.What he told me was unbelievable. 从句类型: 2.It was right that the temple was rebuilt. 从句类型: 3.It is well known that China is playing a more and more important part in the world. 从句类型: 4.He told me that he came from the United States. 从句类型: 5.It was because he was ill yesterday. 从句类型:,主语从句 主语从句 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句,一,二,二、阅读下列句子,指出句子中的主语 1.A bad beginning makes a bad ending.不善始者不善终。 主语: 2.To see is to believe.眼见为实。 主语: 3.Raising pigs is the girls job.养猪是那个女孩的工作。 主语: 4.He often gets up late.他经常起床很晚。 主语: 5.Whether he will help us depends on you. 他是否将帮助我们取决于你。 主语:,A bad beginning To see Raising pigs He Whether he will help us,语法图解 名词性从句()主语从句,Grammar:主语从句 1.主语从句的定义:在复合句中起主语作用的句子称为主语从句。 2.主语从句在句中作主语,有以下两种结构: (1)主语从句位于句首 用“ ”号画出下列句子的主语从句,并译成汉语 What he did in the earthquake moved everybody. 翻译 答案:What he did in the earthquake moved everybody. 他在地震中做的事感动了每一个人。 Whose car runs faster should be tested. 翻译 答案:Whose car runs faster should be tested. 应该测试一下谁的车跑得更快。,Who kept the door open all night was unknown. 翻译 答案:Who kept the door open all night was unknown. 没人知道是谁让门整夜开着。,(2)主语从句位于句尾,用it作形式主语 用“ ”号画出下列句子的主语从句,并译成汉语 It is reported that the rain will stop tomorrow. 翻译 答案:It is reported that the rain will stop tomorrow. 据报道,明天雨会停。 It is certain that we will win the victory. 翻译 答案:It is certain that we will win the victory. 我们一定会取得胜利。 It is a pity that he didnt come to the party. 翻译 答案:It is a pity that he didnt come to the party. 可惜的是他没来参加晚会。,It happened that I was out that day. 翻译 答案:It happened that I was out that day. 碰巧那天我不在。 Is it true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week? 翻译 答案:Is it true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week? 那位科学家下周要来给我们做报告的事是真的吗?,3.主语从句的连接词可以分为以下三类: (1)that,whether/if 连词 that 本身没有意义,不作句子成分,只表示从句的开始,位于句首时 that 不能省略;whether/if含有“是否”的意思。 单句填空 you dont like him is none of my business. 答案:That we can control the floods is still uncertain. 答案:Whether It doesnt matter she will come or not. 答案:whether,(2)连接代词what,who(m),which,whose,除了引导主语从句之外,还在从句中分别作主语、宾语、表语或定语;连接副词when,where,why,how,除了引导主语从句之外,还在从句中作状语。 翻译下列句子,并说明引导词在从句中充当的成分 Who will do it doesnt matter. 翻译 答案:谁做这件事都没有关系。(连接代词who在从句中作主语) What we need is more water. 翻译 答案:我们需要的是更多的水。(连接代词 what 在从句中作 need 的宾语) When we start the work is an important question. 翻译 答案:我们什么时候开始这项工作是个很重要的问题。(连接副词 when 在从句中作时间状语),(3)whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever与 what,who(m),which的用法一样,只是具有较强的语意,含有“凡是,不管,无论”等含义。 翻译句子 Whatever he said wasnt true. 翻译 答案:不管他说什么都不是事实。 Whichever book you choose is yours. 翻译 答案:无论你选中哪本书都归你。,4.主语从句应注意的几个问题 (1)主语从句总是使用陈述语序 单句改错 When will we start hasnt been decided. 答案:will wewe will What do we need are food and water. 答案:去掉do (2)主语从句的主谓一致 A.含有主语从句的句子,主句谓语动词多用单数形式。 B.含有what引导的主语从句的句子,主句的谓语动词有时与表语保持一致。 C.有两个引导词引导的主语从句若表示一件事情,主句谓语动词应该用单数形式;若表示两件事情,主句谓语动词应该用复数形式。,单句填空 Why he didnt come to the meeting (be) a question we should make clear. 答案:is What he said at the meeting (be)very important. 答案:was Who will hold the meeting (have not) been decided. 答案:hasnt What I want (be) a new bicycle. 答案:is What my mother bought (be) some books. 答案:are When and where he was born (be) not clear. 答案:is What caused the accident and who would be responsible for it (have) not been found out. 答案:have,(3)it作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 从形式上看,强调句型与it作形式主语的句型很像,但二者有本质的区别。判断关键:如把句中的It is/was和that去除,句子成分仍然完整,说明该句为强调句型,否则则为主语从句。 判断句子类型并译成中文 It is a pity that he cant go with us. 句子类型 翻译 答案:主语从句;很遗憾他不能同我们一起去。 It was in Paris that they met for the first time. 句子类型 翻译 答案:强调句;他们第一次见面是在巴黎。,(4)在“It is said/believed/reported that.”“It happens/occurs that.” “It doesnt matter that.”等句型中that引导的主语从句不可提到句首。 判断句子正(T)误(F) ( )It is said that the President will visit that country next week. ( )That the President will visit that country next week is said. 答案:T F,一、单句填空 1.It has been proved eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life. 答案:that 2. matters most in learning English is enough practice. 答案:What 3. is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger,more prosperous economy. 答案:It 4. team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships. 答案:Whichever 5. leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. 答案:Whoever,二、单句改错 1.That your father wants to know is how you are getting on with your studies. 答案:ThatWhat 2.That you will be admitted to New York University will be decided by the Admission Committee. 答案:ThatWhether 3.Which team will get the gifts are still unknown. 答案:areis 4.Who will go make no difference. 答案:makemakes 5.That prices will go up are certain. 答案:areis,
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