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扣考纲话题诵读,固考基教材梳理,提考能技能速升,课后限时检测,析考点重难突破,话题16 世界与环境(2) 话题词汇 【常见单词】 1threaten v威胁 2cause v导致 3preserve v维护，保护 4responsibility n责任 5balance n平衡 6existence n存在，生存,7resource n资源 8endangered adj.濒临灭绝的 9effective adj.有效的 10limited adj.有限的 【常见短语】 1leave.behind 把抛于脑后 2make a difference 有影响 3to make matters worse 使事情更糟糕的是 4cut down砍倒 5deal with处理,经典语篇 【写作要求】 (2015甘肃省兰州第一中学高三月考)假设你是李华，你所在的学校最近浪费现象严重，比如长流水、长明灯等。为此学校倡导建设“节约型校园”。请以“How to build an economized campus”为题写一篇英语作文，要点如下： 1认识到节约资源的重要性； 2从“我”做起节约资源，及时关灯、随手关水龙头等； 3号召师生共建节约型校园。 参考词汇：水龙头 tap,注意：1.词数在100左右； 2可适当增减细节，使行文连贯；开头已写好，不计入总词数； 3不能使用真实姓名与学校。 How to build an economized campus Nowadays，waste on campus has become an increasingly seriousproblem._,【参考范文】 How to build an economized campus Nowadays,waste_on_campus_has_become_an_increasingly_serious_problem.We can often see many students leave the water running and some let the lights on for a long time，which causes a serious waste of resources. Therefore，its high time that we took some measures to deal with the problem.Firstly，we should realize that natural resources are limited.Many parts of our country are suffering from drought and power scarcity.Besides，everyone has the,responsibility to preserve natural resources.We should save every piece of paper，every drop of water and turn off the lights when leaving the room.We can hope to build an economized campus through these measures.The small efforts by a single individual may make a huge difference.Let us work together to build an economized campus!,一试身手 【句型转换】 1将句子改为被动语态。 _ and let the lights on for a long time，which causes a serious waste of resources. 2将句子改为倒装句。 _ to build an economized campus.,Many students are seen leave the water running,Only through these measures can we hope,【完成句子】 1许多树已被砍倒。 Too many trees_. 2这让鸟类和动物失去了它们的自然栖息地。 It has _ their natural habitats. 3你做的一切，都会有影响。 What you have done _.,have been cut down,caused birds and animals to lose,will make a difference,一、单词速览 1._ n舞台；阶段，时期 2_ adj. 先前的，以往的 3_ n. 格言，谚语，警句 4_ vt.& vi. 哀悼，忧伤 5_ n. 健壮，健康；适合 6_ adj. 积极的；正面的；肯定的 7_ vt.& n. 保证；担保,stage,previous,saying,mourn,fitness,positive,guarantee,8_ vt. (通常经过努力)获得；得到；达到 9 _ n. 邀请 10 _ vi. 猛冲；突然出现；爆裂 11 _ vi. 怒目而视；发出炫目的光 12 _ vi.& vt. 撕；扯 n. (常用复数)眼泪；泪珠 13 _ n. (同一事物)不同种类；多种多样 _ adj. 各种各样的；多方面的 _ v. 变化；改变 14 _vi.& vt. 表现 _ n. 行为；表现,attain,invitation,burst,glare,tear,variety,various,vary,behave,behaviour,15_ n. 表演，演出；表现，业绩 _ v. 演出，表演；做，履行；运转 16._ vt. 逗笑，逗乐；提供(消遣)，(使)娱乐 _ n. 消遣；娱乐，乐趣 _ adj. 有趣的，引人发笑的 _ adj. 愉快的；被逗乐的 17._ vt.& vi. 增强；巩固 _ n. 力量，力气 _ adj. 强壮的；坚强的,performance,perform,amuse,amusement,amusing,amused,strengthen,strength,strong,18_ vi. 参加，参与 _ n. 参与；分享；参股 _ n. 参与者；关系者 19 _ vt. 教授，传授；指示，命令；告示 _ n. 指令，命令；指示；教导；用法说明 _ adj. 有益的；教育性的 20 _ adj. 看不见的；无形的 _ adv. 看不见地；看不出地 _ adj. 明显的；看得见的 21 _ n. (戏剧、小说等的)情节背景；场景；环境 _ v. 设置背景,participate,participation,participant,instruct,instruction,instructive,invisible,invisibly,visible,setting,set,【看单词，学构词】 在17.strength一词中出现了名词后缀th，通常由形容词th构成抽象名词。类似的课标词汇还有：warmth n温暖(warm温暖的)；length n长度(lenglong长的)；depth n深度(depdeep 深的)；width n宽度(wide 宽的)等。,二、短语快译 1._ 支持，维护 2_ 种种；各种各样的 3_ 绊倒 4_ 拿开玩笑；取笑，嘲弄 5_ 喜爱，钟爱 6_ 后来，过些时候 7_ 想出；拿出 8_ 组成；编造；化妆；弥补 9_ 去世，亡故,stand up for,a variety of,trip over,make fun of,have affection for,later on,come up with,make up,pass by,10_ 赶走；驱赶 11 _ 接纳 12 _ 为腾出地方 13 _ 闯进；突然闯入 14 _ 对怒目而视 15 _ 递出；拿出；伸出,drive away,take on,make room for,burst in,glare at,hold out,三、句式构建 1do you think 作插入语 Which of the events above _ will be the funniest？你认为上面哪件事最有趣？ 2the reason for./why.is that 从句 _ Crystal has become so famous _ he is very quick thinking，and is often able to come up with new jokes about the people and things around him.克里斯托之所以如此出名，原因之一就是他思维非常敏捷，常常能就身边的人或事即兴编排笑话。,do you think,One reason,is that,3it seems.that.看来似乎 He said，“_ appropriate _he got his start in silent films！”他说：“看来，他的确适合从无声电影起家！” 4whatever引导让步状语从句 _ the reason，research shows that in the end，the English saying，Laughter is the best medicine，may be true after all.不管是什么原因，研究表明，英语格言“笑是灵丹妙药”到头来可能真的没错。,It seems,that,Whatever,(1)a variety of/varieties of 种种，各种各样的 (2)various adj. 各种不同的；各种各样的 (3)vary vt. 改变；变更 vi.变化；不同 vary with. 随着而变化 vary from.to./between.and. 在和之间变化,【温馨提示】 a variety of/varieties of“各种各样的”，后接复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；the variety of 复数名词，意为“的品种”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。,(牛津P1956)There is a wide variety of patterns to choose from.有种类繁多的图案可供选择。 There are various ways of solving the problem. 有各种各样解决问题的方法。 The prices of some goods vary_with the season. 某些货物的价格随着季节的变化而变动。 Class numbers vary_between 25 and 30. 班级的数目从25到30不等。,2perform vt.& vi.演出，表演；做，履行；工作，运转 (牛津P1275)The company has been performing poorly over the past year.这家公司过去一年业绩欠佳。 (1)perform ones duty/promise/task 履行职责/履行诺言/执行任务 perform an operation 动手术 perform well/ badly 表现好/不好,(2)performance n. 履行，执行；表演，表现；(机器的)性能 put on/give a performance 表演，演出 Well，dont forget to perform your duty next time. 好吧，下次要履行自己的职责。 She performed_the_experiment over and over，working till midnight.这项实验她做了一遍又一遍，一直做到深夜。 They laid on an acrobatic performance for the children.他们为孩子们安排了一场杂技表演。,3amuse vt.逗笑，逗乐；提供(消遣)，(使)娱乐 (教材P3)Crystal is popular with all age groups and has the ability to amuse people all over the world.克里斯托深受各年龄段的人的欢迎而且有能力使全世界的人开心。 (1)amuse sb./oneself with sth.以某事(物)逗乐某人/自己 (2)amusing adj. 好笑的，有趣的；引人发笑的 amused adj. (人、表情等)愉快的；被逗乐的 be amused at/by sth. 因某事(物)而高兴 be amused to do sth. 因做某事而高兴,(3)amusement n. 娱乐 to ones amusement 令某人感到高兴/可笑的是 (牛津P53)Im sure Ill be able to amuse myself for a few hours.我相信我能自娱自乐几个小时。 His story kept the audience amused all the time. 他的故事让听众笑个不停。 I was very much amused to see the seal perform its tricks. I was very much amused_at_seeing the seal perform its tricks.我被海豹的特技表演逗乐了。,To_our_amusement，the actor jumped on and off the stage.可笑的是，演员在舞台上跳上跳下。 4participate vi.参加，参与；分享，分担 (教材P9)As you laugh，the muscles participating in the laugh become active.当你笑的时候，参与笑的肌肉变得活跃。 (1)participate in 参加，参与 participate with sb.in sth. 与某人分担/分享某事物 (2)participation n. 参与；分享 participation in 对的参与；对的参加 active participation 主动参与；积极参加,(牛津P1253)She didnt participate in the discussion. 她没有参加讨论。 She participated_with_her_husband_in his sufferings. 她分担丈夫的痛苦。 Professors here want your contribution and active_participation_in the class all the time.这里的教授总是要求学生参与，积极在课堂上提出见解。,5guarantee vt.& n保证；担保 (教材P9)Practising is the only way to guarantee a successful performance. 演练是保证演出成功的唯一的方法。 (1)guarantee sth./to do sth./that. 保证(做)某事/保证 guarantee sb.sth. 确保某人(得到)某物 guarantee sb.against /from 保证不,(2)under guarantee 在保修期内 (牛津P778)The watch is still under guarantee. 这只手表仍在保修期内。 Can you guarantee_me_a_job when I get there? 你可以确保我到那儿就可以找到一份工作吗？ The insurance policy guarantees us all against loss. 保险单保证我们大家免受损失。,高考链接 (2014江西高考)I dont believe what you said, but if you can prove it, you may be able to _ me. Aconvince Binform Cguarantee Drefuse 【解析】 本题考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不相信你所说的，但是如果你能证明它，你也许能够_我。由句中的“但是如果你能证明它”可判断此处应填convince(说服)。inform通知；guarantee保证；refuse拒绝。 【答案】 A,6instruct vt.教授，传授；指示，命令；通知，告知 (教材P11)He has instructed students from over 70 different countries.他指导过来自70多个不同国家的学生。 (1)instruct sb.to do sth. 指导某人做某事 instruct sb.in (doing)sth. 教授某人(做)某事 instruct sb.that. 通知某人 (2)instruction常用复数命令，指示 复数说明书，使用指南 U指导 obey/follow instructions 遵从指令/指示 under ones instruction 在某人的教导下,(3)instructive adj. 有教育意义的，有启发性的 instructor n. 指导员，教练 (牛津P916)You will be instructed where to go as soon as the plane is ready.飞机一准备好就会通知你去何处。 My job is to instruct_her_in_English. 我的工作是教她英语。 Ive instructed_them_to keep the room locked. 我已吩咐他们那个房间要上锁。 What the instructor says is often instructive. Under_his_instruction,_we have all made progress. 教练的话通常是有道理的。在他的指导下，我们都取得了进步。,7burst vi.猛冲；突然出现；爆裂 vt.使破裂，使破口 (教材P15)Servant bursts in，next to Queen，emptyhanded and looking worried.仆人冲上舞台，来到王后身边，两手空空，神色焦虑。 burst into tears/laughter burst out crying/laughing 突然大哭/大笑起来 burst in/into 突然进入 burst out 突然激动地喊叫；闯出来；突发 burst open 猛然打开,【温馨提示】 burst out表示“爆发”，一般在其后接动名词，而burst into表示“突然发作”，后面一般接名词。,(牛津P216)The door burst open.门突然开了。 As soon as she saw her mother，she burst_into_tears like a child. As soon as she saw her mother，she burst out crying like a child.一看到母亲，她就像小孩一样大哭了起来。 8glare vi.怒目而视；发出炫目的光 (朗文P956)She glared at him accusingly. 她用责备的目光怒视着他。,单词对点集训 .单词拼写 1The store over there has a _ (各式各样)of toys. 2He will _(保证)us possession of the house by May. 3Nails that project may _ (刮坏)your clothes. 4She rushed downstairs and _(冲进)into the kitchen. 5Smith _(行为)like a perfect gentleman. 6Every effort was made to _(加强)unity. 7She _(瞪着)at me if I go near her desk.,8Can you _(达到)the goal you have set yourselves? 9I suggest that you _(撕毁)up the letter and start over again. 10My students turned in a good _ (表演)at the English evening. 【答案】 1.variety 2.guarantee 3.tear 4.burst 5behaves 6.strengthen 7.glares 8.attain 9.tear 10.performance,.单项填空 1More and more people choose to shop in a supermarket because it offers a great _ of goods. Avariety Bconnection Ccombination Dmixture 【解析】 句意：越来越多的人选择在超市购物，因为它提供各种各样的商品。a variety of“各种各样的”，符合句意。 【答案】 A,2Though many people are _ by the _ performances of cheerleaders, they dont think highly of them. Aamused；amused Bamusing；amusing Camusing；amused Damused；amusing 【解析】 句意：尽管很多人对啦啦队有趣的表演感到好笑，但他们对啦啦对的评价并不高。amused“感到有趣的”，常修饰人；amusing“有趣的，引人发笑的”，常修饰物。 【答案】 D,3(2012浙江高考)Your _ as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn. Aoperation Bgrowth Cperformance Dcharacter 【解析】 句意：如果你能对所学的知识养成思考的习惯的话，你作为学生的表现将会很优秀。A选项表示“手术，操作”；B选项表示“生长，成长”；C选项表示“表现，表演”；D选项表示“性格，特点”。根据句意可知选C项。 【答案】 C,4Mr. Zhang is the best music teacher in our school, but he has hurt his left foot and cannot _ tomorrows concert. Atake part Bplay a part in Cparticipate as Dparticipate in 【解析】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：张老师是我们学校最好的音乐老师， 但他伤了左脚不能参加明天的音乐会。participate in参加， 符合题意。participate as作为参加； take part少了介词in; play a part in在中起作用。 【答案】 D,5In the factory, the helmets the workers wore varied _ color according to their different posts. Afrom Bin Cwith Dalongside 【解析】 考查介词辨析。句意：在工厂里， 工人们戴的头盔根据他们不同的职位而发生变化。in表示“在方面”， 故B正确。 【答案】 B,6Hearing his words，the boys burst _. Ain a laughter Binto laughter Cin a laugh Dinto laugh 【解析】 句意：听到他的话，这些男孩子放声大笑起来。burst into laughter“放声大笑”。 【答案】 B,7The company _ that they would deliver my order within two days，which made me satisfied. Aattempted Bguaranteed Cimpressed Dpredicted 【解析】 句意：这家公司保证他们会在两天内把我订的货送到，这让我非常满意。guarantee“保证”。 【答案】 B,8A real understanding of our friendship is easier to _ if we communicate with each other regularly. Aattract Battain Cattack Dattach 【解析】 句意：如果我们经常交流，我们就不难真正理解我们之间的友谊。attain意为“达到，获得”，符合句意。attract吸引；attack攻击；attach使依附，附加，依恋，均不符合句意。 【答案】 B,9If we cant _ the subject of astronomy，we wont get the job opportunities on space stations. Amaster Bcontrol Ctolerate Dinstruct 【解析】 句意：倘若我们没有掌握天文学，我们将不能得到在太空站工作的机会。master意为“掌握”，符合题意。control控制；tolerate容忍；instruct命令，指示。 【答案】 A,10He didnt shout，but he just _ me silently. Alooked at Bglared at Cknocked at Dwondered at 【解析】 句意：他没有大喊大叫，只是默默地怒视着我。look at 看；knock at 敲(门等)；wonder at 对感到惊讶；glare at 对怒目而视。 【答案】 B,分析3个高考短语 1make fun of拿开玩笑；取笑，嘲弄 (教材P2)While this kind of humour may sound cruel，it usually only works if both the comedian and the audience have affection for or admire the person being made fun of.这种幽默听起来可能有点刻薄，但通常只有当喜剧演员和观众都喜欢或者崇拜这个被取笑的对象时，这种幽默才奏效。,(1)Its great fun to do sth. 做真有趣 What (great)fun it is to do.! 做多有趣啊！ for fun/for the fun of it/(just)in fun 闹着玩地；开玩笑似的 (2)play a joke/jokes on 开的玩笑 play a trick/tricks on 捉弄，开玩笑 make a fool of 捉弄；愚弄,(牛津P711)It wasnt seriousit was all done in fun. 那不是认真的全是闹着玩的。 Dont egg him on to play_a_trick_on/make_a_fool_of others. 不要怂恿他捉弄别人。 2take on承担；呈现；具有；流行；接纳；雇用；穿上 (教材P11)In an interview，he told us that he is always happy to take on new foreign students. 在一次采访中，他告诉我们他总是乐意接收新的外国学生。,take down 取下，记下，拆卸 take in 接受；理解；拘留；欺骗；让进入 take off 起飞；脱下；离开 take over 接管；接收 take up 拿起；开始从事；占据(时间、空间等) I could hardly take in what the old man said. 我几乎听不懂老人说了什么。 The plane took_off from the airport and headed south towards Hong Kong.飞机从机场起往南飞往香港。,Johnson took_over the chairmanship of the committee yesterday.约翰逊昨天接任委员会主席一职。 You should take_up my suggestion and start saving money.你应该接受我的建议，开始存钱。 3hold out 伸出，拿出；坚持，不退让；支撑，维持；抱有(希望等) (教材P15)holds out a roll of toilet paper拿出一卷卫生纸,hold back 隐瞒；退缩；阻止，抑制 hold on 别挂断；等一等；坚持 hold on to 坚守；保留(房屋、财产等)；抓住 hold up 举起，拿起；支撑；拦住，耽搁 hold down 抑制；压制；保有,(牛津P840)They managed to hold on until help arrived.他们设法坚持住直到救援到来。 The police were convinced the man was holding something back.警察确信那人隐瞒了情况。 The train was_held_up by heavy fog. 火车因大雾而受阻。 He held_on_to the rock to stop himself slipping. 他紧紧抓住岩石以免自己往下滑。,短语对点集训 .选词填空 stand up for；a variety of；make fun of；come up with; pass by；take on；make room for；burst in；glare at；hold out 1Its wrong to _ people just because theyre old. 2He is unwilling to _ heavy responsibilities. 3How long will our food supplies _？ 4We all must _ democracy and human rights. 5The police _ (through the door)and arrested the gang.,6They stood there，_ each other. 7The factory is enlarged to _ more machinery. 8Peggy has _ this fantastic idea for a party. 【答案】 1.make fun of 2.take on 3.hold out 4.stand up for 5.burst in 6.glaring at 7.make room for 8come up with,.单项填空 1(2014盐城模拟)I dont know what to_at the university. I cant make any forecasts about my future. Atake in Btake over Ctake off Dtake up 【解析】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我不知道大学学习什么， 我不能对未来做任何预测。take in吸收， 欺骗， 理解； take over接管； take off脱下， 起飞； take up占据， 从事， 故选D。 【答案】 D,2(2014姜堰中学模拟)When he first got to the city, he was often_ for his strong accent. Amade fun Bplayed a joke Cmade fun of Dmade jokes 【解析】 make fun of sb.“取笑某人”；play a joke on sb.“开某人的玩笑”；make jokes about“拿来开玩笑”。故C项符合语境和短语搭配。 【答案】 C,3Does he know how to work out the problem? Yes, he has _ a good idea to solve it. Acome up with Bkept up with Ccaught up with Dput up with 【解析】 句意：他知道怎么解决这个问题吗？知道，他已经想出了一个好办法来解决它。come up with a good idea想出了一个好办法。keep up with跟上；catch up with赶上，追上；put up with忍受，容忍，忍得住。 【答案】 A,4. Is Peter there? _，please.Ill see if I can find him for you. AHold up BHold on CHold out DHold off 【解析】 本题考查的是打电话时的用语，“Hold on”意为“别挂”。 【答案】 B,5The veteran workers are doing their best to pass _ their technical knowhow(技能) to the younger generation. Aoff Bon Caway Dthrough 【解析】 pass on传授；pass off逐渐消失，冒充；pass away去世，消磨掉；pass through穿过，通过，经历。 【答案】 B,6The officer ordered the policeman to _ that tall man in a black hat.He thought the man might be the murderer wanted. Awatch out for Bcome up with Cget along with Dstand up for 【解析】 句意：这位军官命令警察要关注那位戴黑色帽子的男性。他认为那个人可能是要找的凶手。watch out for密切关注；come up with提出；get along with 取得进展；stand up for 支持。根据句意故选A。 【答案】 A,剖析2个高考句型 1(教材P1)Which of the events above do_you_think will be the funniest? 你认为上面哪件事最有趣？ 句法分析：此句为特殊疑问句，do you think为插入语。which of the events above是句子的主语，如果特殊疑问词不是句子主语时，要注意插入语后用陈述句语序。,在句中经常作插入语的动词有：think, hope, believe, suppose, guess, say, suggest等。常见的句型结构有： (1)特殊疑问词 (作主语)插入语疑问句剩余部分(语序不变)? (2)特殊疑问词插入语句子其他部分(陈述语序)? (3)do you suggest 作插入语时，其后的句子应使用虚拟语气“(should)动词原形”。,What do you suppose is the right solution? 你认为什么是正确的解决方案？ Whom_do_you_think they will make captain of the team? 你认为他们会选谁当队长？ Where do you suggest we (should)_spend_our_ holiday? 你建议我们去哪里度假？,2(教材P3)One_reason Crystal has become so famous is_that he is very quick thinking，and is often able to come up with new jokes about the people and things around him. 克里斯托之所以如此出名，原因之一就是他思维非常敏捷，常常能就身边的人或事即兴编排笑话。 句法分析：句中Crystal has become so famous是定语从句修饰reason，意为“的原因”。The reason why.is that.是特定句式，why引导定语从句，也可用for which或省略；that引导的表语从句说明主语reason的具体内容。,This/That is why. 那是的原因；那是为什么 This/That is because. 那是由于/因为 The reason why/ for which/(不填) she did it is that she wouldnt let her parents feel disappointed. 她做那件事的原因是不想让父母失望。 The reason that/which/(不填) he gave you was reasonable.他给你的理由是合理的。 He got up late.That_was_why he was late for class. 他起晚了。那就是他迟到的原因。 He was late for class.That_was_because he got up late.他迟到了。那是因为他起晚了。,高考链接 (2010上海高考)One reason for her preference for city life is _ she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants. Athat Bhow Cwhat Dwhy 【解析】 题干看似很长，其实不难看出它是对常用句型“The reason why.is that.”的考查，如果考生对这一句型掌握得很牢固很熟练，就可以很容易地判断出正确选择是A。 【答案】 A,句型对点集训 .单项填空 1The reason _ Im calling you now is _ I have an important thing to tell you. Awhy；that Bthat；because Cfor which；because Dwhich；that 【解析】 考查定语从句。The reason why/for which.is that.意为“的原因是”，why/for which引导定语从句，修饰reason，that引导表语从句。句意：我现在打电话给你的原因是我有重要的事情要告诉你。 【答案】 A,2_ be sent to work there? AWho do you suggest BWho do you suggest that should CDo you suggest who should DDo you suggest whom should 【解析】 do you suggest为插入语，排除C和D两项。B项中that多余。A项省略了should，故A项正确。 【答案】 A,3It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. Ahowever Bwhatever Cwhichever Dwhenever 【解析】 复合关系代词whatever引出的从句可在句中充当主语、表语和宾语。 【答案】 B,.完成句子 1不管他们说什么，做你认为对的事情。 Do what _ is right _. 2他没到会的原因是因为他不知道。 _ he was absent from the meeting _ he didnt know. 3你认为我们从事这项工作什么东西最要紧？ What _ matters when we take up the work? 【答案】 1.you think；whatever they say 2.The reason why；was that 3.do you think,教材语法集训 非谓语动词() 单项填空 1Children are not permitted_the film designed for adults. Ato see Bseeing Cseen Dto be seen,【解析】 考查permit的用法。句意：儿童不准看那部专为成年人拍摄的电影。permit sb. to do sth. 的被动形式为sb. be permitted to do sth. , 故答案选A。 【答案】 A,2Many restaurant workers are accustomed_tips on togo orders, so even if you give only a couple of dollars, Im sure it will be appreciated. Ato receive Bto not receive Cto receiving Dto not receiving 【解析】 考查固定用法。句意：许多餐馆工作人员习惯了订餐时不付小费， 所以即使你仅仅给他几美元， 我确信他也会很感激。固定表达be accustomed to习惯于， 其中to为介词， 后接名词或动名词。结合句意可知答案为D。 【答案】 D,3This restaurant，_ by an old couple, has an inviting, homelike atmosphere that many restaurants lack. Aowning Bto own Chaving owned Downed 【解析】 A项为现在分词或者动名词一般式的主动结构；B项为不定式一般式的主动结构；C项为现在分词或者动名词完成式的主动结构；D项为过去分词。分析题干可知，own与restaurant之间是逻辑上的被动关系，因此，空格处应该使用过去分词。 【答案】 D,4Many buildings in the city need repairing，but the one _ first is the library. Arepaired Bbeing repaired Crepairing Dto be repaired 【解析】 句意：这个城市的许多大楼需要修理，而先要被修理的那座大楼是图书馆。repaired是过去分词表被动和完成；being repaired现在分词的被动语态，表示进行和被动；repairing是现在分词表主动和正在进行；to be repaired是动词不定式的被动语态表示将来和被动。根据题干的语境，选项必须既表被动又表将来，
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