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专题十五定语从句,2019全新版,(6年6考;单项填空&短文填空)分析广东近6年中考真题可知,定语从句是广东中考英语的必考点之一(共11.5分),主要考查定语从句中关系代词(which,that,who)的用法。20132017年在单项填空中考查,2018年在短文填空中考查了定语从句的引导词。,考点精讲,易错盘点,解题技巧,试题精练,在复合句中充当定语的句子称为定语从句,被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,连接先行词和定语从句的词叫引导词(也叫关系词)。如:,考点精讲,1.由that引导的定语从句(2016、2014广东中考)一般情况下,that既可指人,也可指物,在从句中作主语或宾语,但不能作介词的宾语。如:Doyouknowthegirlthatoftencomeshere?你认识经常来这里的那个女孩儿吗?(指人,作主语)HeistheboythatItalkedwithjustnow.他就是刚才和我说话的那位男孩儿。(指人,作宾语),考点关系代词的基本用法,MybrotherlikesthebooksthatwerewrittenbyMarkTwain.我弟弟喜欢马克吐温写的书。(指物,作主语)ThegiftthatIreceivedyesterdaywasfrommymother.昨天我收到的礼物是我母亲寄来的。(指物,作宾语)2.由who,whom和whose引导的定语从句(2018、2017、2013广东中考)who,whom和whose只可指人。who在从句中作主语,whom在从句中作宾语,whose在从句中作定语。如:,Thisisthethiefwhostolemycar.这就是偷我的车的那个小偷。(指人,作主语)Mrs.Jonesisthepersonforwhomyoushouldwait.琼斯太太就是那个你应该等的人。(指人,作宾语)Whatsthenameoftheboywhosefatherisadoctor?父亲是一名医生的那个男孩儿的名字是什么?(指人,作定语),3.由which引导的定语从句(2015广东中考)which指物,在从句中可以作主语或宾语。如:ThebookwhichMumboughtmelastweekiscalledTheOldManandtheSea.妈妈上周给我买的那本书是老人与海。(指物,作主语)Thestorywhichhetoldwasveryinteresting.他讲的那个故事很有趣。(指物,作宾语),1.只用关系代词that的情况:(1)先行词是不定代词something,anything,everything,nothing,all,little,few,much,some,none等时。如:ThisisallthatIwanttosayatthemeeting.这就是所有我在会上要说的。(2)先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast等修饰时。如:ThisistheverybookthatImlookingfor.这正是我在找的那本书。,考点关系代词的特殊用法,(3)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如:ThisisthefirstletterthatIvewritteninJapanese.这是我用日语写的第一封信。(4)先行词中既有人又有物时。如:Theytalkedabouttheteachersandschoolsthattheyhadvisited.他们谈论了他们拜访过的教师和学校。(5)当主句中含有疑问词who或which时。如:Whoisthemanthatisstandingoverthere?站在那边的那位男士是谁?,2.关系代词只能用who的情况:(1)先行词是one,anyone,everyone,all,none(指人)等时。如:Onewhodoesnotworkhardwillneversucceed.不努力工作的人永远不会成功。(2)当先行词指人且有较长的后置定语时。如:ImetaforeignerinthestreetwhocouldspeakChinesewell.我在街上遇到一位可以把中文说得很好的外国人。,(3)当those作先行词指人时。如:Thosewhohadgoodmannerswillberespected.有礼貌的人会受到人们的尊重。(4)当主语是I,he,she,they等时,常用在谚语、格言中,要用who。如:Hewhoplayswithfiregetsburned.玩火者自焚。(5)有两个定语从句,其中一个关系代词用了that,另一个要用who。如:Theboythatyoumetjustnowisourmonitorwhostudieshard.你刚才遇见的那个男孩儿是我们的班长,他学习很努力。,3.关系代词只能用which的情况:(1)关系代词放在介词之后。如:Thisistheplaceinwhichweoncelived.这是我们曾经生活过的地方。(2)that,those作主语指物时,关系词只能用which。如:ThosewhichareonthedeskareEnglishbooks.桌子上的那些是英语书。(3)引导非限制性定语从句,只能用which。如:Thisisafamousbook,whichwaswrittenbyLuXun.这是鲁迅写的一本著名的书。,1.when在定语从句中作时间状语,其先行词是year,season,day等。如:Ineverforgotthedaywhenwemetintheairport.我永远不会忘记我们在飞机场见面的那一天。2.where在定语从句中作地点状语,其先行词是place,school,room等。如:Heislookingforaplacewheretreescangrowinwater.他正在找一个树可以生长在水里的地方。,考点关系副词的用法,3.why在定语从句中作原因状语,其先行词为thereason。如:Doyouknowthereasonwhyhewasabsenttoday?你知道他今天没来的原因吗?,1.(2018广东短文填空节选).Oneofthemwasfromhisfather_wasstrictwithhimandhisbrother.()2.(2017广东)Accordingtoasurvey,people_areabletospeaktwolanguagescanmanagetwothingsatthesametimemoreeasily.AwhichBwhomCwhoseDwho,who/that,D,()3.(2016广东)Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinourcityinthepasttenyears.Everything_comesintosightissonewtome.AthatBwhichCwhoDwhom()4.(2015广东)RunningmanisaveryrelaxingTVprogram_ishotamongtheyoungpeople.AwhatBwhichCwhoDwhom,AB,()5.(2014广东)WhenRobinsonCrusoegottotheisland,thefirstthing_hedidwastolookforsomefood.AwhoBthatCwhichDwhom()6.(2013广东)Theyounglady_isinterviewingLinZhixuanabouttheprogramIamasingerisfrom21stCenturyTalentNet.AwhoBwhomCwhichDwhose,BA,()7.(2018珠海市紫荆中学三模)Whowasthestudent_wasabsentyesterday?Marywas.AthatBwhoCwhomDwhich()8.(2018珠海市九洲中学三模)Astudent_isalwayshelpingothersisworthbeingpraised.AwhichBwhoCwhereDwhen,AB,()9.(2018珠海市文园中学模拟)Wouldyouliketohelpmesearchthelatestnewsaboutsuperstars_Icanuseinmyreport.Thelatest?AndersonrenewedacontactforanothersevenyearswithManchester.AwhomBwhoCthatDwhich()10.(2018惠州市惠阳区模拟)Ilikeplaces_arenottoohotinsummer.AwhoBwhomCwhichDwhat,CC,注意根据讲解的关系代词的特殊用法,掌握使用关系代词that,who和which的特殊情况。()11.Thisisoneofthemostbeautifulcities_Ihaveevervisited.AwhoBthatCwhichDwhere,易错盘点,易错点定语从句引导词的误用,B,()12.“Underground”istheonlywordintheEnglishlanguage_beginsandendswiththeletters“und”AwhatBthatCwhoDwhom()13.Those_wanttogotoparkcomehere,please.AthatBwhichCwhoDwhom,BC,()14.Afriendissomeone_says,“What!Youtoo?IthoughtIwastheonlyone!”AwhoBwhichCwhatDwhose()15.Thesetrees,_Iplantedthreeyearsago,werecutbygovernment.AwhereBwhoCthatDwhich,AD,一看指人还是物;二看句中作何用(所作成分);三看是否属特殊。例Thisisthebestbook_Ihaveeverread.Ilikeitverymuch.AthatBwhoCwhichDwhat,解题技巧,技巧三步分析法,A,方法点拨第步:分析是指人还是指物,先行词为book,则是指物,排除B项。what不引导定语从句,也排除。第步:thebestbook在句中作read的宾语,分析备选项,that作先行词即可指物又可指人,which作先行词指物,二者在定语从句中都可作主语、宾语。第步:看是否是关系代词的特殊用法,先行词被形容词最高级best修饰,关系代词只能用that,因此答案为A。,谢谢观看,Exit,
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