高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解暑假训练（二）1

广西苍梧县2017高考英语阅读理解暑假训练（二）2016高考训练题。阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Five years ago, David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day. “I was a clothes addict.” he jokes. “I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled.” Today David wears casual clotheskhaki pants and a sports shirtto the office. He hardly ever wears a necktie. “I am working harder than ever.” David says, “and I need to feel comfortable.”More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work. In the United States, the change from formal to casual office wear has been gradual. In the early 1990s, many companies allowed their employees to wear casual clothes on Friday（but only on Friday）. This became known as “dress-down Friday” or “casual Friday”. “What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for employees has really become an everyday thing.” said business consultant Maisly Jones.Why have so many companies started allowing their employees to wear casual clothes? One reason is that its easier for a company to attract new employees if it has a casual dress code.” “A lot of young people dont want to dress up for work,” says the owner of a software company, “so its hard to hire people if you have a conservative（保守的）dress code.” Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes. In a study conducted by Levi Strauss and Company, 85 percent of employers said that they believe that casual dress improves employee morale（心境，士气）. Only 4 percent of employers said that casual dress has a negative influence on productivity. Supporters of casual office wear also argue that a casual dress code helps them save money. “Suits are expensive, if you have to wear one every day,” one person said. “For the same amount of money, you can buy a lot more casual clothes.”1. David Smith refers to himself as having been “a clothes addict,” because _.A. he often wore khaki pants and a sports shirtB. he couldnt stand a clean appearanceC. he wanted his clothes to look neat all the timeD. he didnt want to spend much money on clothes2.David Smith wears casual clothes now, because_.A. they make him feel at ease when working B. he cannot afford to buy expensive clothes C. he looks handsome in casual clothes D. he no longer works for any company 3.In this passage, the following advantages of casual office wear are mentioned EXCEPT _. A. saving employees money B. making employees more attractiveC. improving employees motivation D. making employees happier参考答案13CAB 阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。From good reading we can derive pleasure, companionship, experience, and instruction. A good book may absorb our attention so completely that for the time being we forget our surroundings and even our identity. Reading good books is one of the greatest pleasures in life. It increases our contentment when we are cheerful, and lessens our troubles when we are sad. Whatever may be our main purpose in reading, our contact with good books should never fail to give us enjoyment and satisfaction.With a good book in our hands we need never be lonely. Whether the characters portrayed are taken from real life or are purely imaginary, they may become our companions and friends. In the pages of books we can walk with the wise and the good of all lands and all times. The people we meet in books may delight us either because they resemble human friends whom we hold or because they present unfamiliar types whom we are glad to welcome as new acquaintances. Our human friends sometimes may bore us, but the friends we make in books need never weary us with their company. By turning the page we can dismiss them without any fear of hurting their feelings. When human friends desert us, good books are always ready to give us friendship, sympathy, and encouragement. One of the most valuable gifts bestowed by books is experience. Few of us can travel far from home or have a wide range of experiences, but all of us can lead varied lives through the pages of books. Whether we wish to escape from the seemingly dull realities of everyday life or whether we long to visit some far-off place, a book will help us when nothing else can. To travel by book we need no bank account to pay our way; no airship or ocean liner or stream-lined train to transport us; no passport to enter the land of our hearts desire. Through books we may get the thrill of hazardous adventure without danger. We can climb lofty mountains, brave the perils of an Antarctic winter, or cross the scorching sands of the desert, all without hardship. In books we may visit the studios of Hollywood; we may mingle with the gay throngs of the Paris boulevards; we may join the picturesque peasants in an Alpine village or the kindly natives on a South Sea island. Indeed, through books the whole world is ours for the asking. The possibilities of our literary experiences are almost unlimited. The beauties of nature, the enjoyment of music, the treasures of art, the triumphs of architecture, the marvels of engineering, are all open to the wonder and enjoyment of those who read.16. Why is it that we sometimes forget our surroundings and even our identity while reading?A. No one has come to disturb you.B. Everything is so quiet and calm around you.C. The book you are reading is so interesting and attractive.D. Your book is overdue; you are finishing it at a very fast speed.17. How would you account for the fact that people like their acquaintances in books even more?A. They resemble human friends exactly.B. They are unfamiliar types we like.C. They never desert us.D. They never hurt our feelings.18. Which of the following is true?A. Your wish to visit some far-off place can be realized through the pages of the books. B. To escape from the dull realities of everyday life you should take up reading. C. Books can always help you to live a colorful life. D. You may obtain valuable experience from reading good books.19. The word “weary” means _. A. “to attract someones attention”B. “to distract someones attention” C. “to make someone very tired”D. “to make someone interested”20. “. the whole world is ours for the asking” implies that _.A. in books the world is more accessible to usB. we can ask to go anywhere in the worldC. we can make a claim to everything in this worldD. we can make a round-the-world trip free of charge 全解全析本书主要讲读好书的益处。C 细节理解题。由第一段第二句(absorb our attention completely)可知。C 推理判断题。由第二段第五、六和七句可知。D 细节理解题。由第二段第八句One of the most valuable gifts bestowed by books is experience.可知。C 猜测词义题。由两个分句的转折关系可知never weary应与bore反义，即weary与bore同义，都是“使人疲倦/厌烦”之意。A 推理判断题。由该句所处的语境可推知。阅读Arthur Miller(19152005)is universally recognized as one of the greatest dramatists of the 20th century.Millers father had moved to the USA from AustriaHungary，drawn like so many others by the “Great American Dream”However, he experienced severe financial hardship when his family business was ruined in the Great Depression of the early 1930s.Millers most famous play, Death of a Salesman, is a powerful attack on the American system，with its aggressive way of doing business and its insistence on money and social status as indicators of worth.In Willy Loman, the hero of the play, we see a man who has gotinto trouble with this system.Willy is “burnt out” and in the cruel world of business there is no room for sentiment: if he cant do the work, then he is no good to his employer, the Wagner Company, and he must go.Willy is painfully aware of this, and at a loss as to what to do with his lack of success.He refuses to face the fact that he has failed and kills himself in the end.When it was first staged in 1949，the play was greeted with enthusiastic reviews，and it won the Tony Award for Best Play，the New York Drama Critics Circle Award，and the Pulitzer Prize for Drama.It was the first play to win all three of these major awards.Miller died of heart failure at his home in Roxbury，Connecticut，on the evening of February 10,2005，the 56th anniversary of the first performance of Death of a Salesman on Broadway.()1.Why did Arthur Millers father move to the USA?AHe suffered from severe hunger in his home country.BHe was attracted by the “Great American Dream”CHe hoped to make his son a dramatist.DHis family business failed.()2.The play Death of a Salesman_.Aexposes the cruelty of the American business worldBdiscusses the ways to get promoted in a companyCtalks about the business career of Arthur MillerDfocuses on the skills in doing business ()3.What can we learn about Willy Loman?AHe treats his employer badly.BHe runs the Wagner Company.CHe is a victim of the American system.DHe is regarded as a hero by his colleagues.()4.After it was first staged，Death of a Salesman _.Aachieved huge successBwon the first Tony AwardCwas warmly welcomed by salesmenDwas severely attacked by dramatists ()5.What is the text mainly about?AArthur Miller and his family.BThe awards Arthur Miller won.CThe hardship Arthur Miller experienced.DArthur Miller and his bestknown play.【解析】亚瑟米勒是二十世纪最伟大的剧作家之一。推销员之死是他最有名的一部作品，曾获得年度最佳百老汇戏剧托尼奖、普利策戏剧奖和纽约戏剧评论奖。这是第一部获得所有三项大奖的作品。1B细节理解题。由第一段“.drawn like so many others by the Great American Dream”可知应选B。2A细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话可知，推销员之死是对美国制度的有力的抨击，后面又告诉我们在这金钱至上的制度中，主人公因迷茫、失败最终自杀，即暴露了美国商业世界的残酷。故正确答案是A。3C推理判断题。根据第二段对剧中主角Willy的介绍，尤其是“got into trouble”、“burnt out”、“painfully”、“at a loss”以及“kills himself”等关键词可以告诉我们Willy是美国制度的牺牲品，故选C。4A细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话“When it was first staged in 1949，the play was greeted with enthusiastic reviews.”可知答案为A。5D主旨大意题。从全文判断，文章主要介绍了亚瑟米勒的家庭背景和他最有名的作品推销员之死，因此D为正确答案。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。Most Americans get what money they have from their work; that is, they earn an income from wages or salaries. The richest Americans, however, get most of their money from what they own their stocks, bonds, real estate, and other forms of property, or wealth. Although there are few accurate statistics to go by, wealth in American society appears to be concentrated in very few hands. More than 20 percent of everything that can be privately owned is held by less than one percent of the adult population and more than 75 percent of all wealth is owned by 20 percent of American adults. The plain fact is that most Americans have no wealth at all aside from their homes, automobiles, and a small amount of savings.Income in the United States is not as highly concentrated as wealth. In 1917 the richest 10 percent of American families received 26.1 percent of all income, while the poorest 10 percent received 17 percent, mainly from Social Security and other government payments. The most striking aspect of income distribution is that it has not changed significantly since the end of World War II. Although economic growth has roughly doubled real disposable (可自由使用的) family income (the money left after taxes and adjusted for inflation) over the last generation, the size of the shares given to the rich and the poor is about the same. By any measure economic inequality is great in the United States.The reality behind these statistics is that a large number of Americans are poor. In 1918, 14 percent of the population was living below the federal governments poverty line, which at that time was an annual income of $ 9 287 for a non-farm family of two adults and two children. In other words, about one out of seven Americans over 31 million people was officially considered unable to buy the basic necessities of food, clothes, and shelter. The suggested poverty line in 1981 would have been an income of about $11 200 for a family of four. By this relative definition, about 20 percent of the population or more than 45 million Americans are poor. 1. What do the majority of the Americans have in terms of wealth? A. Their income and savings.B. Everything they own in their homes.C. Actually, they have no wealth at all.D. Their house, cars and small amounts of savings.2. What is the percentage of wealth that is in the hands of most Americans?A. More than 25%.B. Less than 25%. C. More than 75%. D. Less than 20%.3. Why is economic inequality still great in the US in spite of the economic growth?A. Because the proportion of income received by the rich and the poor remains almost the same as in 1917.B. Because the economic growth has widened the gap of the family income between the rich and the poor.C. Because income in the US is still concentrated in the hands of the richest 10% of American families.D. Because some Americans made great fortunes during the Second World War.4. What can we learn from comparison of the two poverty lines in the last paragraph? A. The poverty line of 1918 is more favorable to the poor than that of 1981.B. The 1981 line didnt leave much to the poor.C. There were more Americans who were officially poor by the 1981 line.D. There were more Americans who were officially poor by the 1918 line.5. From the last two sentences we can see that 1981 governments poverty line _.A. was of no good for the poorB. was not put into operation thenC. was officially approved D. was not helpful to the poor全解全析 DBACB 本文分析了美国财富的分配状况及其存在的问题。D。细节题。根据文章第 1 段最后一句 most Americans have no wealth at all aside from their homes, automobiles, and a small amount of savings 可推知此题答案为 D。B。推断题。根据文章第 1 段倒数第 2 句 more than 75 percent of all wealth is owned by 20 percent of American adults 可推知此题答案为 B。A。推断题。根据文章第2段第2句 The most striking aspect of income distribution is that it has not changed significantly since the end of World War II 可推知此题答案为 A。C。推断题。文章最后一段说：1981年与1918年所统计的贫困户的数量的比较。由此可知此题答案为 C。B。推断题。根据文倒数第2句的虚拟语气可推知此题答案为 B。