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单元质量评估(四)(时间：100分钟满分：120分)第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列的短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)项中选出最佳选项。AAnimal conservationMany animal and plant species have become extinct and many more are in critical danger.Finding ways to protect the earths wildlife and conserve the natural world they inhabit(居住)is now more important than ever.DodosThe Dodo is a classic example of how human caused damage to the earths biology.The flightless Dodo was native to the Island of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean.It lived off fruit fallen from the islands trees and lived unthreatened until humans arrived in 1505.The easily controlled bird became a source of food for sailors and was attacked by animals introduced to the Island by humans such as pigs, monkeys and rats.The population of Dodos rapidly decreased and the last one was killed in 1681.RhinosThe Rhino(犀牛)horn is a highly prized item for Asian medicine.This has led to the animal being hunted in its natural habitat.Once widespread in Africa and Eurasia，most Rhinos now live in protected natural parks and reserves(保护区)Their numbers have rapidly decreased in the last 50 years，and the animals remain under constant threat from poachers(偷袭者)The Giant PandaThe future of the World Wildlife Funds symbol is far from certain.As few as 1，600 pandas remain in the wild.The Chinese government has set up 33 panda reserves to protect these beautiful animals and made poaching them punishable with 20 years in prison.However，the pandas distinct black and white patched coat fetches a high price on the black market and determined poachers still pose(造成)one of the most serious threats to the animals continued existence.WhalesThe International Whaling Commission is fighting to ensure the survival of the whale species.Despite the fact that onethird of the worlds oceans have been declared the whale sanctuaries(保护区).7 out of 13 whale species remain endangered.Hunted for their rich supply of oil，their numbers have decreased to just 300.Collisions with ships，poisonous pollution and being caught in fishing nets are other major causes of whale deaths.TigersThe last 100 years has seen a 95% reduction in the numbers of remaining tigers to between 5，000 and 7，000 and The Bali，Javan，and Caspian tigers are already extinct.The South China tiger is precariously close to disappearing，with only 20 to 30 still alive.Like the Rhino horn，tigers bones and organs are sought after for traditional Chinese medicines.These items are traded illegally along with tiger skins.【语篇解读】文章介绍了已经灭绝了的和现在生存环境并不理想的一些濒危动物，旨在引起人们对动物保护的重视。1It implies that _Athe Dodo lacked the ability to protect itself from other animalsBsailors to the Island of Mauritius lived mainly on the DodoCthe Dodo used to be a strong animal that liked fightingDthe Dodo，pigs，monkeys and rats were the natives to the Island of Mauritius解析：推理判断题。从文章中的“flightless，lived off fruit fallen from the islands trees.easily controlled”等词可推测出Dodo鸟缺少保护自己的能力。答案：A2Which group of the following animals has already ceased to exist according to the text?AThe Dodo，Rhinos and Giant Pandas.BThe Rhino，Whales and South China Tigers.CThe Rhino，Pandas，Whales and Tigers.DThe Dodo and the Bali，Javan，and Caspian tigers.解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“The population of Dodos rapidly decreased and the last one was killed in 1681.”可判断Dodo鸟是灭绝的动物之一，再根据最后一段中的“The Bali，Javan，and Caspian tigers are already extinct.”可得知灭绝的动物还有这几种。答案：D3Which of the following statements is NOT true?AThe number of South China tigers has reached crisis point.BMany animals are threatened with extinction as a result of human activities.CPeople hunt for the endangered animals for high profit.DThe Whale is the representing mark for the World Wildlife Fund.解析：推理判断题。从第四段中的“The future of the World Wildlife Funds symbol is far from certain.”一句可知选D。答案：D4Which of the following is mentioned in all the descriptions of those wild animals?AThe way of their life.BThe reason for their extinction or being in danger.CWhy they are hunted.DPunishment for hunting wild animals.解析：推理判断题。针对五种野生动物进行介绍，内容不尽相同，有的介绍了人们为什么猎取它们；有的介绍了这些野生动物剩存的数量；有的介绍了对于猎取野生动物的惩罚手段，但有一点是相同的，即：Dodo鸟灭绝的原因以及其他四类野生动物濒临灭绝的原因。答案：BBGeorge was a game warden(猎物繁殖和保护区的管理员)in Kenya.One day，he found three tiny lions beside a dead lioness.They were so little that their eyes had not yet opened.Sadly，he took the three little lions and drove back home.When George got out of the car with the baby lions，his wife Joy Adamson immediately took over.Joy had cared for many young animals over the years，but she had never tried to raise baby lions！However，she was determined to save these babies.The lions grew rapidly.But as the lion grew bigger and stronger，Joy and George realized they could not keep three large lions.They decided to present two of the lions to a zoo；they would keep the smallest lion，which they named Elsa.Joy and George taught Elsa to hunt and to protect herself.Elsa liked to play with her human friends，but as Elsa grew to her adult size，this play became dangerous.More than once，Elsa knocked Joy to the ground，scratching(抓伤) her.Joy and George both realized that it was time to find Elsa a new home.They knew she needed a wild home where she could live the life she was born to lead.Finally，Joy and George decide to set Elsa free in Meru Park at the foot of Mt Kenya.Elsa never forgot Joy and George.Whenever they camped nearby，Elsa would come to visit，rubbing her head against their legs in greeting.Joy missed Elsa，but was happy that she had made a successful life as a wild lion.Joy wrote a book about Elsa，Born Free，which became an international bestseller.Joy travelled all over the world，talking about the importance of saving the wild animals of the world.Joy lived out her life in Africa，working with wild animals.She wrote more books about her experiences.Her heartfelt interest in animals and her great love for Elsa helped inspire (激发) a worldwide movement to protect wildlife.For Joy Adamson，there was no greater gift than the beauty and spirit of wild animals，living free.【语篇解读】文章讲述了保护区管理员的妻子乔伊养大了一头狮子并且最终把狮子放归自然的经历，告诉读者要保护动物，爱护自然。5When George took the three lions home，his wife _Aadvised him to give them to a zooBwas frightened by their appearancesCwas unwilling to care for themDhad a great love for them解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“Joy Adamson immediately took over”以及下文描述乔伊多年来一直照料其他小动物可知，乔伊第一眼看到三只狮子幼崽时就对它们爱不释手。答案：D6Joy and George set Elsa free because _AElsa scratched JoyBthere wasnt enough food for ElsaCElsa was big and strongDElsa was a danger to their neighbours解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的“as Elsa grew to her adult size”以及“They knew she needed.to lead”可知，随着艾莎长大，乔伊和乔治的家已经限制了艾莎的成长，不再适合她继续待下去。答案：C7What do we know about the book Born Free from the text?AIt became very popular.BIt is mainly about Joys experiences in Meru Park.CIt focuses on wild animals in Kenya.DIt helped change peoples attitudes towards wildlife.解析：细节题解题。根据倒数第二段的“which became an international bestseller”可知答案。答案：A8Whats the best title for the text?AJoy Adamson：living with lionsBElsa：lion raised by a humanCBorn Free：a wonderful bookDGeorge：a game warden解析：主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了乔伊和三只被领养的狮子幼崽之一艾莎的故事，以及她为保护野生动物所做的贡献，由此可知A项标题最贴切、全面。答案：ACIn the past，man did not have to think about the protection of his environment.There were few people on the earth，and natural resources seemed to be unlimited.Today things are different.The world has become too crowded.We are using up our natural resources too quickly，and at the same time we are polluting our environment with dangerous chemicals.If we continue to do this，human life on the earth will not survive.Everyone realizes today that if too many fish are taken from the sea，there will soon be none left.Yet，with modern fishing methods，more and more fish are caught.We know that if too many trees are cut down，forests will disappear and nothing will grow on the land.Yet，we continue to cut down more and more trees.We realize that if rivers are polluted with waste from factories，we will die.However，in most countries waste is still put into the rivers or the seas and there are few laws to stop this.We know，too，that if the population of the countries is rising at the present rate，in a few years，there will not be enough food.What can we do to solve these problems?If we eat more vegetables and less meat，there will be more food for everyone.Land that is used to grow crops can feed five times more people than land where animals are kept.Finally，if we educate people to think about the problems，we shall have a better and cleaner planet in the future.【语篇解读】随着人口的增加、自然资源的减少和环境的破坏，人类必须要保护自然、保护地球了。9Today we have to think about the protection of our environment because _Athings on our planet are getting worse and worseBthe limited natural resources are being used quicklyCthe environment is continuing to be polluted by too much waste and poisonDworse environment is endangering the lives of human beings解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句话可知答案。答案：D10Which of the following statements is NOT true?AIf we eat more meat，more food can be saved.BIn the past, there were few people who thought about the environment protection.CIf we keep on cutting down trees，forests will disappear.DWe should not take more and more fish out of the sea，or there will soon be no fish left.解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句话可知答案。答案：A11According to the passage，the most important thing we must understand is that _Awe should keep our environment from being pollutedBwe must make enough laws to protect our natural resourcesCman will destroy himself if he doesnt solve the problemsDwe will have enough food if the world population rises at the present rate解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容可推知答案。答案：CDPlants are flowering faster than scientists predicted in reaction to climate change，which could have long damaging effects on food chains and ecosystems.Global warming is having a great effect on hundreds of plant and animal species around the world，changing some living patterns，scientists say.Increased carbon dioxide(CO2)in the air from burning coal and oil can have an effect on how plants produce oxygen, while higher temperatures and changeable rainfall patterns can change their patterns of growth.“Predicting species reaction to climate change is a major challenge in ecology，”said the researchers of several US universities.They said plants had been the key object of study because their reaction to climate change could have an effect on food chains and ecosystem services.The study，published on the Nature website，uses the findings from plant life cycle studies and experiments across four continents and 1，634 species.It found that some experiments had underestimated(低估)the speed of flowering by 8.5 times and leafing by 4 times.“Across all species，the experiments underestimated the speed of the advancefor both leafing and floweringthat results from temperature increases，”the study said.The design of future experiments may need to be improved to better predict how plants will react to climate change，it said.Plants are necessary for life on the Earth.They are the base of the food chain，using photosynthesis(光合作用)to produce sugar from carbon dioxide and water.They let out oxygen which is needed by nearly every organism on the planet.Scientists believe the worlds average temperature has risen by about 0.8 since 1900，and nearly 0.2 every ten years since 1979.So far，efforts to cut emissions(排放)of planetwarming greenhouse gases are not seen as enough to prevent the Earth heating up beyond 2 this centurya point scientists say will bring the danger of a changeable climate in which weather extremes are common，leading to drought，floods，crop failures and rising sea levels.【语篇解读】全球变暖不仅仅影响植物，其最终会影响到人类，影响到整个地球上的生物链，因此，到了人们需要对此做点什么的时候了。12What is the key information the author wants to give in Paragraph 1?APlants reaction to weather could have damaging effects on ecosystem.BThe increasing speed of flowering is beyond scientists expectation.CClimate change leads to the change of food production patterns.DFood chains have been seriously damaged because of weather.解析：细节理解题。第一段话给读者传达的主要信息存在于主句，而不是which所引导的定语从句上。根据“Plants are flowering faster than scientists predicted.”可知，作者是要告知读者植物开花的速度超出了科学家的预期。故选B。 答案：B13We can learn from the study published on the Nature website that _Aplants flowering is 8.5 times faster than leafingBthere are 1，634 plant species on the four continentsCscientists should improve the design of the experimentsDthe experiments failed to predict how plants react to climate change解析：推理判断题。第五段中的“It found that some experiments had underestimated the speed of flowering by 8.5 times and leafing by 4 times.”及第七段暗示读者：对于植物所设计的实验应该有所改进，故答案选C。答案：C14Scientists pay special attention to the study of plants because _Athey can prove the climate change clearlyBthey are very important in the food chainsCthey play a leading role in reducing global warmingDthey are growing and flowering much faster than before解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“They said plants had been the key object of study because their reaction to climate change could have an effect on food chains and ecosystem services.”可知植物对气候变化的反应对整个食物链和生态系统都至关重要。故答案选B。答案：B15What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs about the worlds temperature?AIt has risen nearly 0.2 since 1979.BIts change will lead to weather extremes.CIt is 0.8 higher in 1979 than that of 1990.DIt needs to be controlled within 2 in this century.解析：推理判断题。从倒数第二段“.has risen by about 0.8 since 1900，and nearly 0.2 every ten years since 1979.”可知A、C项错误；从最后一段叙述可知，如果本世纪地球变暖超过了2 ，便会出现“weather extremes”。这就暗示我们这个世纪地球温度的上升需要控制在2 的范围之内。故答案选D。答案：D第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Holidays with friends can be great fun and a good way of getting to know each other better.Once you are on holiday，the trip can be full of fantastic memories if its planned correctly.Choose a destination16_ Going abroad will cost more but be a more exciting experience.Going to a different place in your own country can also be fun and will be cheaper.Collect your friendsFind out how much interest there is from people to go on the trip，and work out your maximum and invite those who you get on well with.Meet upEveryone will have their own idea of what the trip is to be like，so meet up at a local caf or restaurant，and share your ideas and concerns._17_ Dont try to overpower others.Once youve all shared ideas youll have a much better idea of how to start organizing the trip.Look for accommodation18_ When you are searching for a place to stay in，read reviews and ratings(等级)Book it as soon as possible because leaving it too late is going to make things harder.Book transportOnce you have accommodation，youll know the dates of your stay and be able to book transport，coach，bus，airplane，etc._19_Choose things you want to do thereWhen you are on your trip it will be more relaxing if you have a good idea of what kind of things you want to do.Research the area on the Internet and book some activities you want to join in._20_ Dont book a load of things which you cant afford.AOne person will naturally be the leader.BCheck out if your idea is necessary.CThe first step is to work out where you want to go.DMatch the activities to your budget.EBooking transport well in advance lowers the cost greatly，so please do it soon.FMake sure that the trip to the foreign country is not too long.GFind out your hotel near to the place you want to visit. 【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章简要向读者提供了几则假期出行的建议。16解析：由本段小标题和此空后分析出国游与国内游的优点等内容可知，旅游的第一步是要弄清去何处旅游，故选C项。答案：C17解析：本段的小标题是“Meet up”，见面后要分享自己的观点，最后自然要有一个领导者，故A项符合语境。答案：A 18.解析：本段的小标题是“Look for accommodation”，G选项内容与之相符，即 “在你想参观的地方的附近找旅馆”。答案：G19解析：E项“预订好票能大大降低成本，所以请尽快预订”与小标题“Book transport”相对应，故选E项。答案：E20解析：空后指出“不要订一堆你支付不起的东西”，故此处表示“把活动与你的预算相匹配”。故选D项。答案：D第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I take the train to work every morning from a train station near my house.I can get to the station quite _21_ because there is a shortcut(捷径)to the station.But in the summer，it can get quite smelly because of all the _22_So I always try to _23_ through it.Today I was trying to do so as usual _24_ something made me stop for a moment.I saw the most beautiful _25_ by an old woman walking in front of me with the help of a white _26_She was short and _27_ and had white hair.She was walking _28_ as each step took some effort.I hadnt specially noticed her _29_，until she stopped near a rubbish bin.She slowly placed her walking stick _30_ the rubbish bin.Then she leaned(倚靠)on it with her right hand.She bent down and _31_ the rubbish.She clearly found it _32_ and it took her a while.She _33_ some rubbish with her left hand and slowly straightened(挺直) herself up again.All the while she used the rubbish bin to _34_ herself.She threw the rubbish inside the bin and then _35_ walking.It all took her great effort.Theres so much rubbish and no one ever does _36_ about it.I was moved to _37_ this old woman make such a great effort to keep even a small part of it _38_！I havent been able to _39_ thinking about that all day.I want to follow her example.Ive decided to pick up rubbish off the _40_ if I see it from now on.I hope people will do the same as I do.【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。“我”在上班的路上看见一位老人艰难地捡起垃圾以保持地面干净，“我”被深深地感动了。21A.hard Bearly Ceasily Dlate解析：根据下文中的“because there is a shortcut to the station”可知，“我”可以很容易地来到车站。答案：C22A.rubbish Bboxes Cbottles Dpaper解析：根据上文中的smelly(有臭味的)可知，路上有垃圾。故A项正确。答案：A23A.walk Bpass Cgo Drush解析：根据上下文可知路上有垃圾，气味难闻，所以“我”跑着过去了。答案：D24A.so Buntil Cwhen Dbecause解析：be doing sth when.“正要做某事时，突然”。答案：C25A.back Bact Cmark Dcolour解析：根据下文可知，那个老婆婆把垃圾捡起来了，这是一种很美的行动。act意为“行为，行动”。答案：B26A.bike Bstick Cdog Dumbrella解析：根据下文中的“She slowly placed her walking stick”可知，那个老婆婆是用一个手杖(stick)来帮助自己走路的。答案：B27A.weak Brich Cclever Dsad解析：根据上文中的short可知，这里应该是一个与它同类的形容人的词。且由下文中的“She was walking _28_ as each step took some effort”可知，她很虚弱。答案：A28A.quickly Bhappily Cangrily Dslowly解析：根据空后的“as each step took some effort”和常识可知，她行走得应该是比较慢的。答案：D29A.at midnight Bat noonCat last Dat first解析：起初“我”并没有特别注意到她。at midnight意为“在午夜”；at noon意为“在中午”；at last意为“最后”；at first意为“起初”。故本题选D项。答案：D30A.in Baround Cagainst Dunder解析：against“紧靠，倚”，这里是指手杖紧靠着垃圾箱。答案：C31A.searched for Bthrew awayCreached for Dlooked at解析：她弯下身去，伸手去够垃圾。search for意为“寻找”；throw away意为“扔掉”；reach for意为“伸手去拿”；look at意为“看”。故本题选C项。答案：C32A.unable Bdifficult Cdifferent Dimpossible解析：根据上下文可知她这样做很困难。答案：B33A.picked up Bdropped downCput in Dlifted up解析：pick up“捡起”；drop down意为“突然倒下，落下”；put in意为“插(话等)”；lift up意为“举起，提起”。根据上下文可知，这里是指她捡起了一些垃圾。答案：A34A.warm Benjoy Csupport Dhide解析：根据本段第二句“Then she leaned on it with her right hand”可知她靠在垃圾桶边。答案：C35A.continued BstartedCenjoyed Dremembered解析：根据上文可知，她停下来捡垃圾，现在继续向前走。答案：A36A.something BanythingCeverything Dnothing解析：从来没有一个人对此做任何事情。否定句中一般用anything，故选B。答案：B37A.feel Bsee Chave Dlet解析：根据上下文可知，这里是指“我”看到这位老人所做的巨大努力。答案：B38A.busy Bbeautiful Cdirty Dclean解析：根据上文她把垃圾捡起来扔进垃圾箱里可知，她是让这个哪怕只是很小的一部分的地方也保持干净。答案：D39A.keep Bstop Cmind Dregret解析：根据上下文，尤其是本句的时间状语all day可知，“我”一整天都在思考这个问题。答案：B40A.wall Bdesk Cground Dclassroom解析：根据上下文可判断出这位老婆婆是捡起在地上的垃圾。“我”也准备像她那样做，故选C。答案：C第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
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