资源描述
单元综合测评(二).阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)A【导学号：34410042】Even plants can run a fever，especially when theyre under attack by insects or disease.But unlike humans，plants can have their temperatures taken from 3,000 feet awaystraight up.A decade ago，adopting the infrared(红外线的) scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites，physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress.The goal was to let farmers precisely target pesticide(杀虫剂)spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field，which invariably includes plants that dont have pest problems.Even better，Paleys Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems before they became visible to the eye.Mounted on a plane flown at 3,000 feet at night，an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted by crops.The data were transformed into a colorcoded map showing where plants were running “fevers”Farmers could then spotspray，using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than they otherwise would.The bad news is that Paleys company closed down in 1984, after only three years.Farmers resisted the new technology and longterm backers were hard to find.But with the renewed concern about pesticide on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning，Paley hopes to get back into operation.Agriculture experts have no doubt the technology works.“This technique can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States，”says George Oerther of Texas A&M.Ray Jackson，who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture, thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade.But only if Paley finds the financial backing which he failed to obtain 10 years ago.【语篇解读】植物也会生病发烧，科技也可以用于农业中为植物诊断疾病。1Plants will send out an increased amount of heat when they are_.Afacing an infrared scannerBsprayed with pesticideCin poor physical conditionDexposed to excessive sunrays【解析】细节理解题。由文章第二段“.an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted by crops.The data were transformed into a colorcoded map showing where plants were running fevers”可知，植物在发“高烧”，也就是说，植物在“身体状况”不佳时才会散发出更多的热。【答案】C2In order to apply pesticide spraying precisely，we can use infrared scanning to_.Aestimate the damage to the cropsBdraw a colorcoded mapCmeasure the size of the affected areaDlocate the problem area【解析】推理判断题。由文章第二段末尾“.showing where plants were runningfeversFarmers could then spotspray.”可知，用红外线扫描的目的是确定有问题的区域，以使农民有针对性地喷杀虫剂。【答案】D3Farmers can save a considerable amount of pesticide by_.Aresorting to spotsprayingBtransforming poisoned rainCconsulting infrared scanning expertsDdetecting crop problems at an early stage【解析】细节理解题。由文章第二段最后一句“Farmers could then spotspray，using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than they otherwise would.”(采取点喷，农民们可以节省平时用量的50%至70%的杀虫剂)可知。【答案】ABIn China，many people are leaving the countryside to find jobs in the cities，because the countryside is much poorer than the city，and often there isnt much work there.Services such as hospital and transport are usually much better in the city than in the countryside.They hope that their lives will improve when they move to the city.But in the big cities of Europe like London or Paris，people are moving out of the city.These rich families want to live a quieter life.They are tired of the noise and the dirt of the city，and they are tired of the crowded streets，crowded trains and buses.They dont want to live in the cities any more.They want a house with a garden in the countryside，and breathe the fresh air there.So they move out of the cities.Some dont go very far，just to the towns near the cities.Other people move to the real countryside with sheep, cows and green fields.There，they start new lives and try to make new friends.Not all those who move from the city to the countryside are happy.After two or three years，many people who have done this feel that it was a big mistake.They dont make so much money and there isnt much work to do.People in the countryside are very different and arent always very friendly.As a result，quite a lot of people who have moved to the countryside move back to the city.“Its_wonderful_to_see_crowds_in_the_streets_and_cinema_lights，” they say.【语篇解读】久居农村，城市是一道风景；久居城市，农村又是另一道风景。本文重点介绍了农村和城市的优缺点。4Which is NOT the reason for people moving to the cities in China?AThe countryside is much poorer than the city.BPeople in the countryside have nothing to eat.CPeople in the countryside dont have much work to do there.DServices in cities are usually much better than those in the countryside.【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“because the countryside is much poorer than the city，and often there isnt much work there.Services such as hospital and transport are usually much better in the city than in the countryside.”可知乡村比城市贫穷，而且工作机会少，像医疗和交通等服务比城市差，故B项符合题意。【答案】B5After moving to the countryside，some people in Europe feel unhappy because_.Athey cant make much moneyBthere isnt much work for them to do in the countrysideCsome people in the countryside arent always very friendly to themDA，B and C【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“They dont make so much money and there isnt much work to do.People in the countryside are very different and arent always very friendly.”可知，他们赚钱不多，工作机会不多，而且乡村的人不总是非常友好。故D项正确。【答案】D6The underlined sentence in the last paragraph shows _.Athey are happy to move back to the cityBthey miss their friends in the countrysideCthey still want to move to the countrysideDthey are tired of the noise and the crowded streets in the city【解析】句意理解题。他们认为看到街上的人群和影院的灯感觉非常美妙。再结合最后一段的叙述可知A项正确。【答案】A7The best title of this passage may be_.AA happy life!BLiving in the city!CMoving out or moving back?DLiving in the countryside!【解析】主旨大意题。文章是围绕不同的人对在城市和农村居住的不同感受来展开的，故C项正确。【答案】CCVegetable gardening is the relaxing art and science of turning a love for growing plants into a worthwhile activity.Vegetable gardeners agree that many homegrown vegetables picked at their best are better than those bought from markets.From spring through late fall，a wellplanned and wellkept garden can provide a supply of fresh vegetables，thus increasing the nutrition(营养) of the family diet.Freezers make it possible to keep some of the vegetables to be enjoyed at a later date.Other vegetables can be stored for a few months in a cool area.Having vegetables in the backyard makes home gardening attractive for many people.Besides，vegetable gardening provides exercise and fun for families.Although the money spent on a garden may be little，one cannot escape the fact that gardening requires hard work and time.Many of the gardening tasks must be performed at times，most of which are inconvenient.Not doing jobs that should be done on a regular basis may result in failure and a negative(消极的)feeling towards gardening.One should not manage a garden that is too large for him to care for.A small，wellkept garden is more enjoyable and profitable (有益的) than a large one.Vegetables grow well in full sunlight and need at least five or six hours of sun during the middle of the day.Too much shading results in poor plants and few vegetables.If possible，the garden should be near the house so the gardener can work it at irregular moments.Usually the home owner has little choice in the soil type.Fortunately，many vegetables can be grown in poor soils if they are properly prepared.【语篇解读】本文介绍了在园子里种植蔬菜的好处和要求。8Homegrown vegetables_.Acan remain standing for a long time and need not be picked immediatelyBhave to be eaten as soon as they are pickedCsell well in the market because of their good qualityDpicked at the right moment are more nutritious than those bought from the market【解析】细节理解题。从文章第二段中“Vegetable gardeners agree that many homegrown vegetables picked at their best are better than those bought from markets.”可以得出正确答案。【答案】D9A wellplanned and wellkept garden can provide a supply of fresh vegetables_.Aall year roundBwhenever you need nutritious foodCfor a greater part of the yearDthroughout spring【解析】细节理解题。由第二段中的“From spring through late fall，a wellplanned and wellkept garden can provide a supply of fresh vegetables，thus increasing the nutrition(营养) of the family diet.”这一信息可知，C项正确。【答案】C10Vegetable gardening is attractive for many people because_.Ait requires little moneyBit is enjoyable and profitableCthey can work in the vegetable garden at irregular momentsDit provides vegetables for the family all year round【解析】细节理解题。由第五段中“A small，wellkept garden is more enjoyable and profitable(有益的)than a large one.”及上下文可知B项正确。【答案】B11From the passage we can conclude that _.Avegetables need little care while growingBvegetables can be grown in almost any kind of soilCvegetable gardening is a necessary part of life for peopleDvegetable gardening is a good pastime for old people【解析】推理判断题。从文章最后一段中“Fortunately，many vegetables can be grown in poor soils if they are properly prepared.”可推断出正确答案。【答案】BD(2016全国丙卷)If you are a fruit groweror would like to become onetake advantage of Apple Day to see whats around.Its called Apple Day but in practice its more like Apple Month.The day itself is on October 21, but since it has caught on, events now spread out over most of October around Britain.Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste，a wide variety of apples.To people who are used to the limited choice of apples such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets, it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence, such as Decio which was grown by the Romans.Although it doesnt taste of anything special，its still worth a try，as is the knobbly(多疙瘩的) Cats Head which is more of a curiosity than anything else.There are also varieties developed to suit specific local conditions.One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but youll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so its a_pipe_dream for most apple lovers who fall for it.At the events, you can meet expert growers and discuss which ones will best suit your conditions, and because these are family affairs, children are well catered for with applethemed fun and games.Apple Days are being held at all sorts of places with an interest in fruit, including stately gardens and commercial orchards(果园)If you want to have a real orchard experience, try visiting the National Fruit Collection at Brogdale，near Faversham in Kent.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。全文介绍了在苹果节上的各种各样的苹果。虽说是Apple Day，其实该节日持续接近一个月的时间。在这段时间里，我们可以品尝到很多稀有品种的苹果。如果想尝试各种各样的苹果，就来参加Apple Day吧。12What can people do at the apple events?AAttend experts lectures.BVisit fruitloving families.CPlant fruit trees in an orchard.DTaste many kinds of apples.【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see，and often taste，a wide variety of apples.可知，参加苹果节可以看到并经常尝到各种各样的苹果。A项说“参加专家的讲座”，这与倒数第二段中At the events，you can meet expert growers and discuss which ones will best suit your conditions提到的与专家交流不符，曲解了文意；B项说“参观喜欢水果的家庭”，文中并未提及；C项说“在果园中种植果树”，文章虽然提到可以参观、品尝等体验，但没有提种植果树。【答案】D13What can we learn about Decio?AIt is a new variety.BIt has a strange look.CIt is rarely seen now.DIt has a special taste.【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的.it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence，such as Decio.is more of a curiosity than anything else.可知，见到它很开阔眼界并且可以与稀奇的Cats Head这一品种类比，由此判断Decio非常稀少。A项说“它是新品种”，这与which was grown by the Romans不符；B项说“它外形奇特”，这指的是Cats Head的特点，犯了张冠李戴的错误；D项说“它有特殊的味道”，这与it doesnt taste of anything special不符。【答案】C14What does the underlined phrase “a pipe dream” in Paragraph 3 mean?AA practical idea.BA vain hope.CA brilliant plan.DA selfish desire.【解析】词义理解题。根据本段中的One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette，but youll need a warm，sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it.可知，尽管Orleans Reinette是很好的品种，但是对各项条件的要求很高，因此大多数喜欢它的人种植它的希望会落空。A项说“一个切合实际的想法”，这与它对生存条件要求高矛盾；C项说“一个很好的计划”，根据画线前的描述可知，这是一种希望或梦想；D项说“一个自私的愿望”，这里说的是愿望的可否实现，不是自私与否。【答案】B15What is the authors purpose in writing the text?ATo show how to grow apples.BTo introduce an apple festival.CTo help people select apples.DTo promote apple research.【解析】作者意图题。根据文章第一段中的If you are a fruit groweror would like to become onetake advantage of Apple Day to see whats around.和第二段中的Visiting an apple event.以及后文介绍节日上的各类苹果可知，作者在介绍苹果节。A项“展示如何种植苹果”，C项“帮助人们选苹果”，D项“促进苹果的研究”，均与文章内容不符。【答案】B.阅读填句(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)How do you enter a room full of strangers? Do you walk right in full of confidence? Or do you try to slip in without being noticed？_16_In life，we admire those who do their tasks confidently.We prefer people who appear to know what they are doing.But where does that confidence begin?Developing selfconfidence starts very early.Its parents role to get kids on the right track toward becoming confident people._17_That can be done by focusing on the childs strengths.Parents should encourage their children to try new things and take risks.When children make mistakes，their parents should still let them know that they are loved.Children whose parents do these things will likely develop into confident adults._18_So whats the solution?With most things in life，practice makes perfect，and that is true of confidence skills._19_Always hold your head high and look people in the eye.Answer questions clearly and confidently.Focus on the things that you do well，and look for opportunities to use those abilities.Prepare thoroughly for every project.Youll approach the task more confidently knowing that you are ready._20_ It could be a good test score or a prize from a contest.Remind yourself that one success often leads to the next.However，all humans fail at times，and you will too.Even with efforts to try all the above，you will never be perfect.But you can learn to love and accept yourself and live your life with confidence.AKeep in mind an item that reminds you of a recent success.BThe more you practice them，the easier they will become.CThe way you go into new situations shows your level of selfconfidence.DOur goal is to prepare students to go into the world with confidence.ETo help that process，parents should always offer more praise than criticism.FLearning from mistakes helps you face the same situation later without fear.GBut selfconfidence still doesnt come easily.【答案】1620CEGBA.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)Big things were happening in my life the summer after I turned 13.In the middle of that summer，my parents_21_ my entire world and turned it upside down _22_ they told me they were getting a divorce.I couldnt believe that our family was going to _23_.Though I always knew my parents werent very happy and they often _24_，I still wanted my family to stay the same.My life changed completely _25_ the divorce.My mother and I moved into a small apartment across town，_26_ my father and brother，Bill，stayed in our house.I now became a _27_ whenever I went to see my dad and Bill on weekends.And immediately I had my soontobe stepfather，Dan，whom I showed no _28_ in.I was depressed，especially after Dan and my mother married and I realized that there was no _29_ that things could change back to the way they were.Even though I _30_ all Dans attempts to get to know me and wasnt very _31_ to him，he never gave up on me._32_ I began to trust him I realized that we actually had something in _33_，especially when it came to movies and TV shows.We _34_ a lot of time together watching TV.That gave us a chance to talk and get to know each other.Better still，Dan showed an interest in me that I had never experienced from my own father.Dan was always around when I needed _35_ on school or friends.Once I began to warm to Dan，the three of us began spending a lot of time together.We often went out to eat and took short trips._36_，I discovered that I had the happy family that I had always wanted.I now realize my parents were _37_about getting the divorce.Their divorce was the best thing to happen for all of us.My father also found happinesshe _38_ and had another child，my halfsister，Michelle.At 13，I learned an important _39_change is not always the worst thing that can _40_.Sometimes，it is just what we need the most.【语篇解读】父母离婚对作者来说是晴天霹雳。但事实证明父母离婚是正确的。所以作者悟出生活中的道理：改变并不总是最坏的事情21A.createdBshookCentered Doccupied【解析】由后文信息“they were getting a divorce”父母要离婚可推断，他们搅乱了我的整个世界。【答案】B22A.unless BifCwhen Duntil【解析】当他们告诉我他们要离婚的时候。【答案】C23A.break up Bhold upCkeep up Dshow up【解析】break up固定词组，指“分裂；解体”。【答案】A24A.whispered BfoughtCtalked Dcompeted【解析】从“werent very happy”及“getting a divorce”可推断，父母经常打架。【答案】B25A.throughout BbeyondCbefore Dafter【解析】父母离婚后，我的生活彻底改变了。【答案】D26A.where BalthoughCwhile Dthat【解析】while表示对比。【答案】C27A.visitor BrelativeCneighbor Dstranger【解析】既然离婚分家，我再次看望父亲及弟弟时，身份自然变成“visitor”。【答案】A28A.confidence BinterestCfear Danger【解析】由后文“I was depressed”可知我对继父不感兴趣。【答案】B29A.doubt BdifferenceCpoint Dchance【解析】句式“there was no chance that.”指“没有的可能了；没有的机会了”。【答案】D30A.forgot BsupportedCresisted Dvalued【解析】句意：即使我拒绝Dan接近我，而且对他很冷淡，他也从未放弃我。【答案】C31A.serious BniceCbad Dgenerous【解析】“not nice”表明作者对继父不好、冷淡。【答案】B32A.Gradually BImmediatelyCUsually DRegularly【解析】“gradually”说明我信任他是一个渐进的过程，与语境相符。【答案】A33A.mind BtroubleCcommon Dorder【解析】“have something in common”固定搭配，指“有一些共同之处”。【答案】C34A.spent BwastedClost Dsaved【解析】句意：我们一起度过很多时间来看电视。【答案】A35A.experience BinformationCimpression Dadvice【解析】此处指当我需要关于上学或朋友的建议时，Dan总是待在我身边。【答案】D36A.However BBesidesCEventually DOccasionally【解析】eventually“最终”。此处指我发现自己终于有了自己一直盼望的幸福家庭。【答案】C37A.wrong BconfidentCguilty Dright【解析】从最后愉快的结局判断，我领悟到父母离婚是正确的选择。【答案】D38A.remarried BreturnedCchanged Dleft【解析】由后文“had another child”可知父亲再婚，而且又有了一个小孩。【答案】A39A.method BtruthCskill Dword【解析】truth“真理”。从后文的解释可以推断。【答案】B40A.exist BremainCcontinue Dhappen【解析】句意：改变并不总是发生的最坏的事情。有时，改变恰恰是我们最需要的。【答案】D.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)I was in the ninth year when I began to suffer depression.My parents noticed but felt that since Id always been 41._ good child，this was temporary.42_ (fortunate)，it was not to be so.I didnt have friends.Hardly could I share my problems.Deep worry began to destroy my 43._ (confident)Finally I refused to attend classes，44._(shut)myself in my room for hours.The examination was approaching，but I simply didnt care.My parents and teachers were surprised at my bad performance.One morning，45._ a particularly severe lecture from my father，I stood at the school gate，46._ (depress)Then as the other students marched to their classrooms, our headmaster called me.The next fortyfive minutes was one 47._ the most precious moments in my life.She said she 48._ (notice) a big change in me and wondered why.At first she took my hands in 49._(she) and listened patiently as I mentioned my worries.Then she hugged me as I wept.Months of frustration and loneliness disappeared in her motherly hug.No one had tried to understand what the real problem was except the headmaster，50._ helped me out simply by listening and hugging.【答案】41.a42.Unfortunately43.confidence44.shutting45.after46.depressed47.of48had noticed49.hers50.who.短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
展开阅读全文