资源描述
专题二主旨、要义、作者的意图、观点和态度类题目命题特点针对文章的主要内容、中心思想、段落大意以及文章的标题进行设问。考查重点(1)对文章的归纳总结能力。(2)对标题关键词的提炼能力。方法技巧(1)利用信息词(如all in all等)确定主题句的位置。(2)对于主题隐含的段落，先弄清问题的意思，然后快速通读全文，逐项排除，确定主旨。(3)记叙文：“何人何时何地何法干何事”。(4)议论文：多在首段或尾段。(5)夹叙夹议：多在尾段。Passage 1“Eat breakfast like a king，lunch like a prince and dinner like a poor man.”As the old saying tells us, breakfast is the most important meal of the day. It provides us with energy after a long night without food.If people dont have breakfast in the morning，they will feel tired and get angry easily.Breakfast helps children stay more focused in school.A study showed that children who eat breakfast regularly score higher in most subjects.Breakfast is also important for losing weight. If you have a balanced breakfast, you will eat less throughout the day.A healthy and balanced breakfast should include some protein(蛋白质)like eggs，milk or a little meat, which makes you energetic all day.Carbohydrates(碳水化合物)like rice or bread can keep you active.Vegetables and fruit have the vitamins that humans need.In China, breakfast is different from region to region.However，porridge with pickles(腌菜)，baozi，noodles, soybean milk and youtiao are common throughout the whole country.Although Western culture has influenced China a lot, most people still prefer traditional Chinese breakfast.They think that porridge and noodles are not only easily digested(消化)，but also can provide enough energy in the morning.In some Western countries, they have some other kinds of food.For example, in the USA, they enjoy sausages，soft pancakes.In Canada，local people like eating pancakes.1The old saying in the first paragraph means that_Abreakfast must be deliciousBbreakfast is eaten by the kingCbreakfast is the most important among the three mealsDbreakfast can make people feel like a nice man【语篇解读】本文告诉我们吃早餐有益健康及早餐应该吃什么，并介绍了中国和西方国家不同的早餐。解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“As the old saying tells us，breakfast is the most important meal of the day.”可以推断出答案。答案：C2Why do we need to have breakfast in the morning?ABecause breakfast is helpful to our studies.BBecause breakfast is the most delicious meal of the day.CBecause breakfast offers energy to us after the whole night without food.DBecause breakfast makes us feel excited.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It provides us with energy after a long night without food.”可知选C。答案：C3Which of the following doesnt belong to healthy breakfast?AEggs and milk.BA little meat.CRice and bread. DCola and butter.解析：细节理解题。根据第四段可知A、B、C三项都是健康的食物。故选D。答案：D4Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?ABreakfast is also important for losing weight.BBreakfast helps students stay more focused in school.CA balanced breakfast should include different kinds of food.DPorridge and noodles are no more popular in China.解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“In China.porridge with pickles(腌菜)，baozi，noodles，soybean milk and youtiao are common throughout the whole country.”可知选D。答案：D5What is the best title of the passage?ATraditional Chinese BreakfastBWestern BreakfastCBreakfast and Weight LossDBreakfast and Health解析：主旨大意题。本文主要讲述合理吃早餐有益健康，故选D。答案：DPassage 2Five boys are suspected of starting a fire that destroyed their school on the eve of the new term. Police said yesterday that five boysone aged 11，two aged 12，one aged 13 and one 15arrested on suspicion of starting the fire had been released until later this month.Parents said the five pupils all attended St Marys.Pupils witnessed their schoolwork being destroyed in the fire at Leyland St Marys Catholic Technology College in Lancashire.The 1950s science block was reduced to the ground in Sundays fire, which created clouds of smoke visible for miles. It is reported that the library and sports hall were also destroyed beyond repair.Strong winds and a shortage of water prevented 125 firemen trying to bring it under control.Firefighters were expected to remain at the scene until late this afternoon. Staffs were due to attend the school yesterday for an inset(培训)day，and pupils were to return for lessons after the holidays today.St Marys headteacher Kathy McNicholas fought back the tears as she watched her school go up in flames last night. She said，“This is so upsetting to watch.Its heart-breaking.Its very distressing for the staff and for the children. Everyone had been looking forward to coming back for the new school year.”Finding somewhere for around 730 children wont be easy. A few of the staff have turned up to see if there is anything they can do and they have all been shocked and saddened by what has happened.“Its tragic because we have only just had a lot of refreshment work done to the school during the summer break.It was a big investment. The community around here very much looks after its school.”Plans were being drawn up to provide alternative classrooms for 730 children, with parents warned to keep them at home for at least the rest of the week.1Which part of St Marys Catholic Technology College was reduced to the ground in Sundays fire?AThe library.BSports hall.CThe science block.DThe passage doesnt tell us.【语篇解读】开学前一天，5名学生因为不想回校上课，将整栋教学楼付之一炬。解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“The 1950s science block was reduced to the ground in Sundays fire，which created clouds of smoke visible for miles.”可知本题选C。答案：C2The underlined word “distressing” in the third paragraph can be replaced by “_”Aexciting BsurprisingCsuffering Dembarrassing解析：词义猜测题。根据上文的两个关键词upsetting；heart-breaking可知此处应该表示老师和学生的“伤心；难过”，故选C项。答案：C3From the whole passage, we can know that_Athe education of England is worseBSt Marys Catholic Technology College had no trouble finding enough classroomsCa shortage of money prevented more than 100 firemen controlling the big fireDthe pupils had to stay at home before the alternative classrooms were found解析：推理判断题。A项在原文中没有涉及；B、C两项与文章内容不符；由最后一段可以推断出D项正确。答案：D4What is the main idea of the passage?AFive boys started a fire that destroyed their school.BThe firemen failed in controlling the fire.CThe staff and the children were upset.DThe school planed to take measures to solve the problem.解析：主旨大意题。这是一篇新闻报道，第一段第一句就交代了新闻的时间、地点、人物和事件，故A项正确。B、C、D三项都是文章中的一部分，范围小了。答案：A5From the third paragraph, we can conclude that_Aalternative classrooms for 730 children had been foundBa lot of refreshment work cost a big investment during the summer breakCstrong winds and a shortage of water resulted in the big fireDthe big fire caused many difficulties for the school解析：推理判断题。由最后一段可知A项错误；B项是文中的事实；C项中strong winds and a shortage of water不是导致大火的根本原因；从全文尤其是第三段看这场大火给学校造成了巨大的损失，影响了孩子们的正常开学，故D项正确。答案：DPassage 3They are pretty essential，but you may want to drop your mobile phone forever after reading this.The average handset carries 18 times more potentially harmful germs than a toilet handle in a mans toilet，tests have revealed.An analysis of handsets found almost a quarter were so dirty that they had up to ten times an acceptable level of TVC(Total Viable Count) bacteria.One of the phones in the test had such high levels of bacteria that it could have given its owner a serious stomach upset. While TVC is not immediately harmful，raised levels indicate poor personal hygiene(卫生)and act as home for other germs.The findings from a sample of 30 phones by which？magazine suggest 14.7 million of the 63 million mobiles in use in the UK today could have potential health risks. Hygiene expert Jim Francis, who carried out the tests, said，“The levels of potentially harmful bacteria on one mobile were off the range.That phone needs cleaning.”The most unhygienic phones had more than ten times the acceptable level of TVC and seven were above the limit.This worst handset also had 39 times the safe level of enterobacteria(肠道菌)，a group of bacteria that live in the lower intestines(肠) of humans and animals. It had 170 times the acceptable level of faecal coliforms (大肠杆菌)，which are associated with human waste. Other bacteria were found on the phones but at safe levels.The germs can end up on your hands, which are passed back to your phone. They can be passed back and forth and eventually you could catch something grubbyPeople need to be mindful of that by observing good hygiene themselves and among others who they pass the phone to when looking at photos, for example.1According to Paragraph 2，bacteria on mobile phones_Aare easy to get rid ofBcant be avoidedCmay cause potential risksDjust do harm to users stomachs【语篇解读】科学发现，一只手机听筒携带了18倍于厕所把手所拥有的细菌的数量，对人类的健康非常有害。解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“While TVC is not immediately harmful.act as home for other germs.”可知，答案为C。答案：C2Which of the following statements does Jim Francis agree with?AIt is necessary for people to clean mobile phones in time.BPeople should use mobile phones as little as possible.CPeople have realized the harm of bacteria on mobile phones.DAll bacteria on mobile phones are harmful to people.解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“The levels of potentially harmful bacteria on one mobile were off the range.That phone needs cleaning.”可推断，答案为A。答案：A3What do we know about the most unhygienic phone?AIts owner fell ill quite frequently.BIt had different kinds of bacteria.CIt was made dirty by its owner alone.DIt was so dirty that it shouldnt be used any longer.解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“This worst handset also had 39 times.It had 170 times the acceptable level of faecal coliforms.”可知，答案为B。答案：B4The underlined word “grubby” in the last paragraph can be replaced by “_”Aserious BdirtyCacceptable Dharmful解析：词义猜测题。根据第五段“They can be passed back and forth.”可推断，grubby意为“肮脏的”，故答案为B。答案：B5The author wrote this passage to_Awarn people to do their best to keep healthyBexplain why there are so many bacteria on mobile phonesCtell people about potential harm of mobile phonesDremind people to focus on good hygiene when using mobile phones解析：作者意图题。根据末段“People need to be mindful of that.when looking at photos，for example.”可推断，答案为D。答案：DPassage 4There are many ways in which human cloning is expected to benefit mankind. Below is a list that is far from complete.Dr. Richard Seed, one of the leading proponents (支持者)of human cloning technology, suggests that it may someday be possible to reverse the aging process because of what we learn from cloning.Scientists believe that they may be able to treat heart attack victims by cloning their healthy heart cells and injecting them into the areas of the heart that have been damaged. Heart disease is the number one killer in the United States and several other industrialized countries.There has been a breakthrough with human stem cells.Embryonic (胚胎的) stem cells can be grown to produce organs to repair or replace damaged ones. Skin for burn victims, brain cells for the brain damaged, hearts, lungs, livers, and kidneys could be produced. By combining this technology with human cloning technology it may be possible to produce needed organs for suffering people that will be free of rejection by their immune systems. Conditions such as Alzheimers disease，Parkinsons disease, diabetes, heart failure, and other problems may be made curable if human cloning and its technology are not banned.Despite getting a fair amount of publicity in the news current treatments for infertility(不生育)，in terms of percentages，are not very successful. One estimate is that current infertility treatments are less than 10 percent successful. Couples go through physically and emotionally painful procedures for a small chance of having children. Many couples run out of time and money without successfully having children. Human cloning could make it possible for more infertile couples to have children than ever before.1The passage mainly deals with_Athe problems with human cloningBthe disadvantages of human cloningCthe advantages of human cloningDthe different ways human cloning is done【语篇解读】本文主要谈论了人类克隆的优点。解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“.is expected to benefit mankind.”及下面的内容判断，文章主要谈论的是human cloning的优点。答案：C2According to Dr.Richard Seed，we can use cloning technology _Ato make people look youngerBto make people live longerCto cure people of many diseasesDto produce more animals解析：推理判断题。根据“to reverse the aging process”推断，利用克隆技术可以使人们长寿。答案：B3From the passage we can infer that_Acloning has already been used to treat heart diseasesBwe can treat a mans heart disease by cloning others heartsCmost people in industrialized countries suffer from heart diseasesDmore people die of heart diseases than of other diseases in America解析：推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句话心脏病是美国和其他工业化国家的头号杀手，因此死于心脏病的人要比死于其他疾病的人多。答案：D4What would be the best headline for the last paragraph?AWith Cloning, Infertile Couples Could Have ChildrenBTreatment of Infertility Is Not SuccessfulCPhysically and Emotionally Pain of Infertile CouplesDThe News Is Not Telling the Truth解析：主旨大意题。最后一段的主要意思是“利用克隆技术可以使不能生育的夫妇有自己的孩子”，所以用A项作标题。答案：A5Treated with an organ cloned from his own stem cells，_Athe patient is more likely to develop other diseasesBthe patients immune systems dont reject the new organCthe patient will be free of rejection by his immune systemsDthe patient will suffer from Alzheimers disease解析：推理判断题。由第四段中“.that will be free of rejection by their immune systems.”可知，用自己的细胞克隆的器官不会有免疫排斥反应。答案：BPassage 5Based on Sue Monk Kidds bestselling novel，The Secret Life of Bees is a movie of hope and faith for even the unloved and oppressed(受压迫的)Just as in the book，young Lilys thoughts sound and read like poetry，from the first moment when her room fills with bees.The movie tells the story of the young white girl who runs away from her cruel father.Lily convinces Rosaleen, the black housekeeper to escape with her，after Rosaleen is beaten when she attempts to vote. When Lily asks Rosaleen why she risked her life standing up to the angry men who wanted to kill her，she hears “Giving in to them would be just another way of dying”Thats Lilys story，too. She finally stands up to her father.They come to Tiburon，a town whose name is written on a label(标签) from a jar belonging to her mother before her death.In Tiburon, there is no place where Rosaleen can eat or stay, despite the fact that President Johnson just signed the Civil Rights Act in 1964.(Its still just a piece of paper，Rosaleen says.)So Lily goes in to buy food for them, and sees the jar on sale.When Lily finds out its made right there in a farmhouse，they go there and ask for help.The good-hearted August who runs a successful company，offers them the honey house to live in. From August, Lily learns honey business and a life lesson from the bees. She sees a world where intelligence，independence and culture are honored and rewarded. She watches Rosaleen begin to understand that the dream of freedom from oppression she gave up when she was beaten is now possible for her. It is August who helps Lily see that love is all around her and all the others.1The story of Lily is mainly developed by_Atime BspaceCexamples Dcomparison【语篇解读】文章介绍了由小说改编而成的电影The Secret Life of Bees的故事大意以及创作背景。解析：推理判断题。文章中叙述的故事是按照故事发展的时间先后顺序展开描述的，即由Lily对父亲的反叛出走，到Tiburon遇见August，最终解决问题，完成大结局。答案：A2Which is TRUE according to the passage?AThe movie is adapted from a novel.BLilys father treats Rosaleen cruelly.CLilys mother writes the label for her.DIn fact, Lilys mother is August.解析：细节理解题。文章第一段第一句叙述了这部电影以小说为基础，然后谈到内容时又提及Just as in the book，由此推断这是改编自小说的电影，所以A项正确。答案：A3What does Rosaleen really want to get?ABetter pay and honey business.BEqual rights and freedom.CThe right to be voted as president.DEnough food and houses.解析：细节理解题。根据文章叙述的有关Rosaleen挨打的故事以及她的观点“Giving in to them would be just another way of dying”可以推断她代表的是美国的黑人，她所要求的是自由和平等的权利。答案：B4We can conclude that the story of Lily happened_Ain modern AmericaBin the 1960sCwhen the black owned equal rights in AmericaDbefore the independence of America解析：推理判断题。根据文章信息，尤其是第二段叙述的黑人Rosaleen要求选举却被打以及第四段中的“the fact that President Johnson just signed the Civil Rights Act in 1964.(Its still just a piece of paper，Rosaleen says.)”判断，故事发生在20世纪60年代。答案：B5The passage is written to_Aadvertise a bookBexplain the secret of bees lifeCintroduce a movieDtell about American politics解析：主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了电影The Secret Life of Bees的故事大意，提到的书名只是本电影的改编出处。电影的名字是The Secret Life of Bees，但内容不是讲述蜜蜂生活秘密的；电影反映了美国当时的政治背景，但不是本文的主题。答案：C
展开阅读全文