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Lesson 1 A private conversation 私人谈话【New words and expressions】 生词和短语private adj.私人的 如果妈妈想看你的信, 你可以说 : Its my private letter.如果陌生人想进你的房子, 你可以说 : Its my private house.private life 私生活由此引申出privacy n.隐私 : private life 私生活Its privacy.这是我的隐私!(不愿让别人知道的)private school(私立学校), 与此相反, 公立学校是public school.所以, private的反义词是public.eg.public 公众; public letter 公开信; public place 公共场所private还有一个值得注意的意思 : 普通的. 如 : private citizen 普通公民:Im a private citizen.private soldier 大兵; 我们熟悉的拯救大兵瑞恩就是Private Ryanconversation n.谈话subject of conversation : 话题(天气是英国人最喜爱的话题)几种谈话 : 1、talk 内容可正式可不正式, 也可以私人 : Lets have a talk.2、conversation 一般用于正式文体中, 内容上往往不正式: They are having a conversation.3、dialogue 对话, 可以指正式国家与国家会谈 : China and Korea are having a dialogue.4、chat 闲聊, 就是北京人说的 “侃” , 说的是无关紧要的事. 5、gossip 嚼舌头, 说长道短have a + talk/chat/dialogue/conversation/gossip 名词变动词theatre n.剧场, 戏剧cinema: 电影院seat n.座位 这个词很重要, 考试常考. have a good seat,这里的seat指place(指地点不错), 而不是chair. take a seat/take your seat 坐下来, 就坐下面这个句子在口语、电影里很常见 : Is the seat taken?(这个位置有人吗?)请坐的3种说法 : Sit down,please.(命令性)take your seat,please.Be seated,please.(更礼貌)考点 : 作为动词的seat与sit的区别sit-vi; seatvteg: He is sitting there.他住在那儿. You seat him.你给他找个位置. seat sb 让某人就坐,后面会加人eg: seat yourselft.Seat him.语法精粹4.When all those present(到场者)_D_ he began his lecture.(重点题)A.sit B.set C.seated D.were seaedsit,sit down; seat,be seated;take a seatplay n.戏loudly adv. 大声的angry adj. 生气的cross=angry ; I was angry.He was cross.annoyed: 恼火的; 程 I was annoyed. 度 I was angry/cross.加 I was very angry.深 be blue in the face : I am blue in the face.(脸色都青了, 相当生气了)angrily adv. 生气的 副词修饰动词attention n. 注意Attention ,please. 请注意(口语)pay attention :注意pay attention to : 对什么注意You must pay attention to that gril.pay a little attention :稍加注意pay much attention :多加注意pay more attention :更多注意pay no attention :不用注意bear(bore,borne) v. 容忍bear,standI cant bear/stand youendure :忍受,容忍put up with :忍受I got divorced.I could not put up with himbear/stand/endure忍受的极限在加大put up with=bear=standbear n.熊 white bearbear hug :热情(热烈)的拥抱give sb a bear hugbusiness n. 事, 生意business man :生意人do business: 做生意go to some place on business:因公出差I went to Tianjin on business.thing 可以指事情,也可以指东西business:某人自己的私人的事情Its my business (指私人的事, 自己处理的事) its none of your businessrudely adv. 无礼地, 粗鲁地rude adj.【课文讲解】Last weekgo to the theatresee a film=go to the cinemago to the +地点 表示去某地干嘛go to the doctors 去看病go to the dairy 去牛奶店go to the + 人 + s 表示去这个人开的店go to the butchers 买肉go to school: 去上学go to church: 去做礼拜go to hospital(医院):去看病go to the Great Wallgo home; 跟home相连一定表示没有事情可做,回家休息I am at home 在家休息enjoy, enjoy oneself:玩的开心enjoy+sth :喜欢,从当中得到一种享受I like something very much./I love something.I enjoy the class.I enjoy the music.I enjoy the book.enjoy the dinner/film/progeam/gamewere sitting :当时正座在过去进行时态 :过去的某个时间正在发生的动作一个故事的背景往往用进行时态描述I+be+v(ing)The girl was reading a book in the garden.A boy came to her.got :变得,表示一种变化,got angryI am/was angry 是一个事实I got angry:强调变化过程It is hot.It got hot.got取代be动词,got是一个半联系动词,可以直接加形容词说话的时候喜欢用缩略.Im not,he isnt,they arent写的时候会说:I am not,he is not,they are notI didnt do sth,I did not do sthhear:听见hear+人:听见某人的话I could not hear you.Beg your pardon?I couldnt hear you./I couldnt hear a word./I couldnt catch your word.I couldnt hear you clearly./I couldnt catch your words.Beg your pardon? /I couldnt catch your words.turn round:转头not pay any attention = pay no attention 表示注意,pay attention; 对什么加以注意,pay attention to sthnot any=noI could not bear it./you./the noise.I cant hear a word.hear a word : a word 等于一句话He didnt say a word.May I speak to Jim?/May I have a word with Jim?Its none of your business./None of your business/Its my business.I couldnt bear you.This is private conversation!private :私人的,不想与别人共享I cant hear a word.hear a word of sb (actors)Key stuctures : 关键句型Summary writing : 摘要写作answer this questions in not more than 55 words.【Key structures】关键句型Word order in simple statements: 简单陈述句的语序陈述句一定是有主语,有动词,有宾语,有句号看教材第2页 6 1 2 3 4 5 6when? Who? Action Who? How? Where? When? Which? Which? What? What? Last week 1 -主语一般有名词或代词构成2 -谓语由动词充当3 -宾语4 -副词或介词短语,对方式或状态提问,往往做状语 I like her very much5 -地点状语6 -时间状语可以放在句首或句末 I like the girl very much in Beijing last year.简单陈述句一定不能少的是主语, 谓语. 主语动词宾语状语状语: 放在最前面是副词,方式状语,表示状态/程度的状语,下面是地点,然后是时间1.主语和动词不能少2.如果时间和地点连在一起,先放地点,再放时间如果问何时何地,是一个固定搭配 when and where【Multiple choice questions】多项选择题1 The writer turned round. He looked at the man and the woman angrily _ .a.and they stopped talkingb.but they didnt stop talkingc.but they didnt notice himd.but they looked at him rudely(1).b.They did not pay any attentionpay attention: 注意(在思想上), 如交通安全应注意. notice: 注意(=see 眼睛看)4 The young man and young woman were sitting behind him. He was sitting _ them.a.before b.above c.ahead of d.in front of(4).sitting behindbehind: 在.后面in front of :在.前面 (相对静止的概念)before : 在.前面 (+词、句子、一般和时间相连)above : 在.上面ahead of : 在.前面 (+时间、位置)(动态的行为)He arrived before six oclock.before he came backahead of timeHe goes ahead of me.5 _ did the writer feel? Angry.a.Where b.Why c.How d.When(5) .c.how 对一个方式、状态提问特殊疑问词对后面的答案提问angry(adj)how(adv.)对形容词、副词、介词短语提问where 用介词,地点when 用介词,时间why 用because回答7 The young man and the young woman paid _ attention to the writer.a.none b.any c.not any d.no(7) .d.any用在否定句和疑问句中some用在肯定句中none没有任何东西、没有任何人 None knows./None of us knows.not any=nonot否定词,要放在非实义动词后面He didnt pay attentionno形容词、修饰名词I dont have any friends./I have no friends.I have no time./I dont have any time.11 The writer could not bear it. He could not _ it.a.carry b.suffer c.stand d.lift(11).suffer:遭受,忍受 (精神或肉体上)+痛苦bear: 忍受=standI suffer the headache.He often suffers defeat. Lesson 2 Breakfast or lunch? 早餐还是午餐?【New words and expressions】 生词和短语until prep.直到直到.才; 直到.为止后面加(时间状语)从句,前面就是主句1) His father didnt die until he came back. (肯定)直到他回来,他爸爸才死. 2) His father was alive until he came back. (否定)直到他回来为止,他爸爸都是活着的. 到他回来这一点之前,没死 : not die; 活的 : 不加not.把until作为时间终止线从句的时间终点之前,这个动作做了还是没做?做了肯定;没做否定.For he _A(C)_(wait) until it stopped raining. A. waited B.didnt waitA.leave B.left C.didnt leaveI stay in bed until twelve oclock.I didnt get up until 12 oclock.outside adv. 外面作状语He is waiting for me outside.It is cold outsid.ring(rang.rung) v.(铃、电话等)响 (刺耳的)注这种响是刺耳的, 往往是提醒人做某事The telephone(door bell) is ringing.而风铃等响要用jingle jingle(bell): (铃儿) 响叮当给某人打电话 : ring sb.Tomorrow Ill ring you.打电话(名) : give sb. a ringRemember to ring me/remember to give me a ring戒指(名词) naunt n.姑,姨,婶,舅妈(所有长一辈的女性都用这个称呼)与此相同, 男性则是uncle: 叔叔 他们的孩子 : cousin : 堂兄妹(不分男女)cousin的孩子 : nephew : 外甥, niece : 外甥女记 : “捏死” repeat v.重复【课文讲解】On Sundays: 所有的星期天,每逢星期天never: 从来不 (可以直接用在动词前面)=not (变成否定句,前面一定要加助动词)I dont like her.=I never like her.因为是上个星期,所以时态不是一般现在时. look out of :朝窗外看 out of是固定搭配从.里:from, out ofdark: 天很黑What a day? What + a + n.感叹句It is a terrible day.= What a terrible day!what+a/an (+a.)+n.(+主语+谓语) What a terrible day!省略 : 1.主、谓随时可省what a good girl (she is)!2.省形容词What a day! 有上下文和一定的语境, 才能省略形容词. just then: 就在那时It was my aunt Lucy.如果不知道对方性别, 可以用it取代Who are you?/Who is it ?just只会出现在 “现在完成时” by train by 直接加交通工具(不能有任何修饰词, 复数)如果加修饰词, 就要换掉by用in或onI go out by bus.若是两辆 : I go out in/on two buses.Im coming to see you. 我将要来看你. 用 come 的现在进行时态 be coming 表示一般将来同样的用法还有 : go,come,leave,arrive,land,meet,die,start,return,join.前4个一定要记住天哪!英国人说Dear me!或My dear!美国人说 : My god!【Key structures】关键句型本课的重点句型是现在进行和一般现在. Now,often and Always 表示现在和经常发生的动作Now现在进行时(说话的当时正在发生, 现阶段正在发生)Often , Always一般现在时现阶段:I am working as a teacher.I do./he does.I get up.一般现在时, 是一种习惯, 真理, 是过去, 现在和未来都会发生的事情. 现在还在睡觉He is still sleeping.频率副词往往放在句子中间, 实义动词前, 非实义动词后如果既有实义动词又有非实义动词, 要放在两个之间. 疑问句中副词往往放在主语后面. 非实义动词 : 1.系动词(be) 2.助动词帮助动词构成时态的(do,does,will,shall,have,had,has) 3.情态动词 : (must,can,may) 除此之外都是实义动词. 1.are playing; always play; is kickingnow; is running2.are you doing; am leaving; (用进行时态表达将来时:go,come.leave,arrivejoin,return,die,land,meet)别人用什么时态, 你就用什么时态” are you leavingcomego(I go to bed hungry.形容词做状语)(rarely 很少)listendoesnt work 停止工作, 已坏了, 不起作用了. feelI frequently go to bed hungry (背诵)He went to school hungry.饿着肚子上学. You must come here hungry.空腹来这里. 【Special Difficulties】 难点What+a/an+a.+n.+主语+谓语What 对名词感叹3.He is causing a lot of trouble名词:trouble主语:he动词:is causingWhat (a lot of) trouble( he is causing)!【Multiple choice questions】多项选择题5.He doesnt get up early on Sundays. He gets up _ .a.late b.lately c.slowly d.hardly5.not early late(adj./adv.) lately(adv.)=recently(adv.)最近的, 近来的. how are you going lately? 最近一段时间身体还好吗?8 He _ out of the window and saw that it was raining.a.looked b.saw c.remarkedd.watched8.A look(vi.):表示看的动作; 后面一定要加介词see(vt.) : 表示看的结果; 后面直接加宾语 watch : 表示观看; 后面直接加宾语, 但宾语一定是能够活动的东西look at pictures (对)watch pictures(错)11 Breakfast is the first _ of the day.a.food b.dinner c.lunch d.meal11.D lunch :中餐 food :食物 dinner:正餐 一天中最丰盛的那顿饭, 可能是中餐, 也可能是晚餐, 但决不会是早餐. meal : 一顿饭频率副词,放在实义动词前, 非实义动词后;如果即有实义动词又有非实义动词.要放在两个之间疑问句中副词往往放在主语的后面 Lesson 3 Please Send Me a Card 请给我寄张明信片【New words and expressions】 生词和短语send v. 寄, 送寄信 : send a letter用法 : send sth to sb/send sb sth类似的用法还有give,take,pass,read,sell.send/take children to school区别 : take : 强调某人亲自送; take flowers to his wife 自己送send则是通过第三人去送, 如美国的校车 send flowers to his wife 叫店里的人送postcard n. 明信片注意/t/和/k/前者失去爆破音send him a card简写为card, 由此引申出 : namecard/visiting card : 名片Here is my namecard.(口语常用, 同时伴随着递出的动作)ID card:身份证; ID : 身分, 身份 (identification, identity)credit card:信用卡cash card 现金卡, 储蓄卡, 工资卡(不能透支的那种)spoil(spoiled or spoilt) v. 使索然无味, 损坏(重点词)几种破坏 : break: 打破; break the windows 打破玻璃damage: 破坏, 程度不一定很重destroy : 破坏, 彻底摧毁以上三个是指物理上的破坏, 而spoil主要指精神上spoil: 把东西的质量变得不好; 生活中不顺心的事;宠坏, 溺爱1、宠坏 His parents spoiled the boy. 2、毁了某人心情. This spoiled my day.What you said spoiled me.His arrival spoiled my hoilday.museum n. 博物馆Palace Museum:故宫public adj. 公共的这个词我们在第一课见过了, 基本用法和private一起记. 下面再说两点 : public house简称pub : 酒吧 ; public place 公共场所in public:公开的; in private:私下里的(介词短语在英语中往往充当状语)Lets have a conversation in private.让我们私下谈谈?Why not have a conversation in public? 为什么不公开谈呢?(当面说呢?)friendly adj. 友好的以-ly结尾是形容词, 同样的还有lovely adj.friendly单独用, 形容词, 一般做定语来用作为状语表示这个人做什么事情很友好, 用短语in a friendly waywaiter n. 服务员, 招待员waiter(男服务员), waitress(女服务员), 只出现在餐馆里领班 : chief waiter商店里的店员 : shop assistant其他公共场所的服务员:attendantlend v. 借给 lend to / lend sth.to sb/ lend sb.sth.借进 : borrow: borrow from; 但borrow不能用 borrow sb sth.decision n. 决定v. decidemake a big/great dicision (重大/伟大, 更重大)whole adj. 整个的all the. : all the day (the可省略)the whole. : the whole day.all of后面如果加代词, 代词前面不需要修饰词一旦要加名词, 前面一定要加theall of us;all of the studentssingle adj. 唯一的, 单一的反义词 : double 双倍的【课文讲解】The baby spoilded my night.Italiani5tAljEn于Italy5itEli : 注意读音不同and 先后往往是对等的概念, but也是如此teach sb.sth.He teaches our English.(错)He teacher us English.(对)语言不可数, 所以要用a little Italian或a few words of ItalianI can speak a little English/a few words of Englishthink about/of 考虑, 思考, think of还可指想到think over:仔细考虑last summer里的last表示 “上一个” last:表示 “上一个” 或 “最后一个” , 表示 “最后一个” 时要加冠词the具体到一天及一天的早中晚都要用onI spend the whole day in my room.spend+时间+地点 : 在什么地点我花费/度过了多少时间I spend three hours in the sea.I spend my weekend at my mothers.I spend three hours in the classroom everyday.I spend a lot of time in traffic jam.(交通堵塞)Review回顾 : spoilsend/lend/teach sb.sth.send/lend/teach sth. to sb【Special Difficulties】 难点双宾语 : 直接宾语(表示动作结果)和间接宾语(动作目标)give sb.sth./give sth to sbsb: 间接宾语sth: 直接宾语间接宾语在后面时, 其前必须加to(对而言)或for(为而做)give a book to me. I buy a book for youtake flowers to my wife.order soup for you.可以翻译为 “给” 、 “替” 、 “为” 的, 就用for; 如果只能翻译为 “给” 的, 就用to与for相连的 buy,order,make,findfind sth.for sb.do sb.a favor 帮某人一个忙Do me a favor please./Do a favor for me.帮我一个忙Exercise1.He paid some money to the shop-keeper.3.The writer brought the man a bottle of beer.在日常生活中, 碰到熟人 : Can I buy you a bottle of beer ? 意为我请你喝杯酒的概念. What do you think of?What do you think of the weather today? 你觉得天气怎么样?cold,chilly,freeze, Ill freeze.我要冻僵了What do you think of TV program last night?send somebody somethingsend something to somebodygive, take, pass, read, sell, buyfind something for somebodymake buy Do a favor for me.Can I order something for you?【Multiple choice questions】多项选择题4 _ him a few words of Italian? The waiter.a.Who taught b.Who did teach c.What did he teach d.Whom did he teach找特殊疑问词的时候一定要根据答案来决定who whom人做主语提问who 对宾语提问whom如果对主语提问, 则句子的的语序和陈述句语序一样如果对非主语来提问, 则句子要使用特殊疑问词+一般疑问句的语序A 正确 who既可以对主语提问也可以对宾语提问, 而whom只能对宾语提问Who/Whom did the waiter teach a few words of Italian?5 He was a friendly waiter. He spoke to the writer _ .a.friend b.as friends c.like friends d.in a friendly wayHe spoke to the writer like a friend.in.way :以.方式D正确friendly单独用, 形容词, 一般做定语来用作为状语表示这个人做什么事情很友好, 用短语in a friendly way7 He spent the whole day in his room. He was in his room _ day.a.the hole b.the all c.all d.all ofwhole all the day; all of usC正确all of 后面如果加代词, 代词前面不需要修修饰词一旦要加名词, 前面一定要加theall of the friends all of my friends all of the students10 On the last day he made a big decision. It was the _ day of his holiday.a.final b.end c.latest d.bottomthe last day, final形容词 end名词/动词bottom名词形容词修饰daylatest:最新的latest news latest style 新款11 He made a big decision. He _ .a.thought about it b.made up his mind .changed his mind d.made a wishthink about:考虑、思考、想make up ones mind:下定决心change ones mind:改变主意make a wish: 许个心愿, 愿望, 许愿B正确Lesson 4 An exciting trip 激动人心的旅行【New words and expressions】 生词和短语exciting adj. 令人兴奋的excite:激动excited:-ed: 自己感到 / -ing:令人感到exciting boy 令人兴奋的男孩interesting manThe man is interesting.The news exciting,I am excited这类动词的宾语一定是人The news excited me.让后面的人感到.interesting:令人感到有趣的interested: 感到有意思的The book interests me.那本事让我感到很有趣receive v. 接受, 收到accept : 同意接收receive:客观的收到This morning I received a bunch of flowers from a boy,but I didnt accept it.take 也可以作收到 take the exam : 接收考试; take advice接收建议receive/havereceive/have a letter from somebody.firm n. 商行, 公司companydifferent adj. 不同的centre n. 中心abroad adv. 在国外副词, 直接和动词连用go abroad 去国外live abroad 国外定居study abroad 国外学习【课文讲解】received a letter from just和完成时连用Ihave arrived in Beijing. (has been)arrive 是瞬间动词不能和段时间连用He has been in Beijing for one year.has been + in 地点He has been in America for two years.连读work for work in 强调地点work for强调workI am working for a school.I am working in the New Oriental school.a great number of 类似于, 约等于a lot ofa great number of 后面一定要加可数名词复数a lot of 可加可数名词也可加不可数名词I have a lot of friendsI have a great number of friends.has gone to :去了某地没回来has been to :曾经去过某地, 现在不在那个地方Have you been to Paris?soon:很快(时间)from there:从那地方起from 即可以加时间又可以加地点from half past 8 to half past 11from Beijing to Tianjingfly to Perth: go to Perth by airbefore副词, 在此之前现在完成时态的标志find trip excitingfind +宾语+形容词做宾补find the room cleanfind her happyis finding Im finding. . . Were finding. .在口语中经常使用语法精粹P4下面表示状态、感觉、情绪、精神活动的动词不可用于进行时believe;doubt see hear know understand belong thinkconsider feel look seem show mind have sound taste require possess care like hate love detest desirearrive不能和断时间连用用进行时态表示将来时态的 : go, come ,leave ,arrive第3课关键句型 : 一般过去式第4课关键句型 : 现在完成式第5课 : 一般过去式和现在完成式的相同点, 不同点, 用的时候要注意什么下面几个词一出现就标志着完成式 : just before alreadyreceive take(拿 带, 一般不作收到用)他到某地有多久了. He has been. . I have been here for three years.find:发现, 找到find the book dirtyfind+n.+a.(宾补)【Multiple choice questions】多项选择题3 Tim is in Australia. He went _ Australia six months ago.a.to b.in c.at d.intoat.表示位置be at.(典型表示位置的介词短语)go to.只要有to这个感念, 它的后面一定要有宾语, go to the theatergo in.(in 做副词)很少加宾语He went in.go into.有去向的动作, 还有进入的动作go into the roommove:搬家move in:搬进来move to the new house:正在搬move into :搬进去了4 Tim is in Australia. How long _ there?a.is he b.has he been c.has he d.was hehow long.对段时间提问, 跟现在完成时相连have+动词的过去分词Lesson 5 No wrong numbers 无错号之虞【New words and expressions】 生词和短语 pigeon n. 鸽子Its not my pigeon. 这不是我的过错None of my busness.message n. 信息information.不可数leave sb. a message:给.留便条Ill leave you a message.take a message for sb:替.捎口信Can I take a message for you? 你能替我捎个口信吗?Can you take a message for me?打电话 : Hello!-May I have a word with Tom ?/May I speak with/to Tom?-Can you take a message for me?cover v. 越过cover:覆盖cover+距离 : 越过cover the distancedistance n. 距离 distant:(a)远距离的importance:(n.)重要 important:(a.)重要的difference : (n.)不同 different:(a.) 不同的keep distance:保持距离Can I share this table? Can I join you?request n. 要求, 请求request for: 对.有请求, 有需求I have a request for the cake.request sb.to do sth.要求某人做.ask sb.to do sth.require sb.to do sth.you are required/asked to do.对人要求习惯用被动语态spare part 备件service n. 业务, 服务serve:(v.) 服务, 接待service:(n.)服务, 业务at your service-glad to be at your service-I am glad to be at your service. 我很乐意为您效劳.Thank you.You are welcome.(下次又需要再来找我)/Not at all.(根本完全不用谢)/Thats (all)right.(绝对正确, 绝对过时)/(Its) My pleasure.(我很高兴这么做, 把自己放得很低, 把对方抬得很高)/Thats ok.(类似于Thats (all)right.)Thank you for your listening.在讲课, 演讲结束时说, 即感谢大家的合作的概念应以鼓掌回应. 情急之下, 可通用以下 : No thanks.No sorry.【课文讲解】another:其它的很多个中的一个other: 其它的the other:Pinhurst is five miles (away) from Silbury.Bus stop is only one mile from school/here.Bus stop is only one mile (away).-How far.? 多远How far(away) is the bus stop?How far is your home(from here)?My home is ten miles away from here.get a telephone:得到电话, 安装电话for:为了just.完成时态from.to.:从一个地点的另外一个地点英语中能使文章生辉的一个是动词一个是介词carry:带着, 携带 其强调所携带的东西不会着地, 体会下例 : I take my sister to the cinema.I carried my son.I carry the bag.cover the distance:飞过那段距离up to now:到现在为止(现在完成时)request for:对.的需求a great many:许多(+可数名词复数)a great number of : 许多(+可数名词复数).request and .message(并列)other:其它的urgent(adj):紧急的sth.urgent:紧急的事情another:其它中的一个(+单数名词)the other:两个之中的另外一个one.the otherother:(a.)+n. 其它的 (可+单/复数名词)others=other + 名词复数(不用再加名词)Some boys are playing football.and others are rowing/(going boating).One is watering the flowers,and the other is reading. Can you show me another?【Special Difficulties】 难点in this way:这样,以这种方式in a friendly wayin a way : 从某种意义上来说: In a way,you are kind.in the way:挡路: Sorry,you are in the way.(在口语中很少用, 一般用Excuse me)out of the way:让路 : Get out of the way!.你给我滚出去!by the way:随便说一声, 随便问一下(开头转移话题, 随意)on the way(to):在去.的途中 on the way to school/the office,on the way home.另
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