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一.代替词 1.穷poor 可以用needy impoverished poverty-stricken 代替 2.幸福：happiness = cheerfulness = well-being 3.青少年：young people = youngsters = youths = adolescents 4.优点：advantage = merits = superiority = virtue 5.努力：struggle for = aspire after = strive for = spare no efforts for 6.从事： embark on = tap = set about = go in for 7.影响：influence= impac 8.危险：danger = perils =hazard 9.污染：pollution = contamination. 10.severe 替换掉serious（严重的） 11.special 替换成 distinct 12.want 替换成 desire 13.like 替换成 be fond of / be engaged in 14.in fact代替成as a matter of fact 15.make用enable代替 16.例如 the case 替换 true eg. I dont think it is the case （ture） 17.take the place of 用 supplantinstead other than（这个用的时候注意语法结构） 代替(:supplantin过去式直接加ed) 18.消极的，不良的：bad =用detrimental baneful undesirable 代替 19.健康的: healthy 用 robust sound wholesome 代替 20.惊人的：surprising 用 amazing extraordinary miraculous 代替 21.有活力的：energetic 用 dynamic vigorous animated 代替 22.明显的：obvious 用 apparent evident manifest 代替 23.提高，加强：improve 用enhance promote strengthen optimize 代替 24.引起：cause 用 trigger endanger 代替 25.解决：solve 用 resolve address tackle cope with deal with 代替 26. 拆除：destroy 用 tear down 、 knock down、eradicate代替 27.培养: develop 用cultivate 、 foster 、 nurture代替 28.激发，鼓励：encourage 用 motivate 、stimulate 、spur代替 29.good 指人时可以用以下形容词代替 kind honest generous selfless brave warmhearted sympathetic honorable humorous smart gentle 30.good 指事物或事情时可以用以下形容词代替 great fantastic splendid marvelous excellent wonderful meaningful enjoyable 等31.amazing替换surprising 32.wealthy替换 rich 33.for instance替换for example 34.occasionally替换sometimes /once in while35.seldom替换not often36.get to ones feet替换stand up37.beneath替换under38.beneath替换under39.eventually 代替 finally40.challenging 代替 hard41.attach importance to 代替 pay attention to42.delighted 代替 happy43.prompt / immediate 代替 quick44.marvelous替代great，incredible45.tend 代替want46.more often than not代替usually47.exhausted代替tired48.charming代替cute，attractive49.fulfill代替achieve fulfilment代替achievement50.set foot on代替arrive at51.enrich代替promote52.strengthen代替build up53.be addicted to等于be fond of等于be devoted to54.have a ball 替换 have a good time / enoy oneself55.come to light 替换 discover56.be long for sth / be long to do sth 替换 wanttodo sth / wish foreg I want to see you very much I anm long to see you57.more than 替换 very58.because of =due to =owing to =thanks to59.as a result of =as a consequence of60. cope with 替换掉 solve（ 解决）61.motivate 替换掉 encourage（ 激励）62.severe 替换掉serious（严重的）63.a severe water shortage严重缺水64.needy替换掉 ppor（ 贫穷的）65.wealthy 替换掉 rich （ 富裕的）66.benificial 替换掉 good （有益的）67.undesirable 替换掉 bad （不好的，不受欢迎的）68.nevertheless 替换掉 however（然而，不过）69.fundamental / significant 替换掉 important（ 重要的）7.0.relevant 替换掉 related （有关的）Eg：.is highly relevant to.71.extraodinary 替换掉 surprising （惊人的，非凡的）72.provided/providing （that）替换掉 if （如果.）73.promote /strengthen 替换掉 improve （提高，加强）74. importantsignificant 75.goodstunning, fabulous, sensational 76.wayapproach, method77.useadopt 78.understand/knowfigure out 79.butnevertheless 80.soconsequently, therefore81.because ofdue to 82.like to do/want to dobe inclined to do, be willing to do 83.finishaccomplish 84.advantages and disadvantagespros and cons二.高级短语jeopardize 替换掉 be bad to （损害，危及）Failing exams could jeopardize her future.考试不及格危及她的前程.ease 替换掉 relieve （减轻，缓解）To ease the problem of . 为了缓解.的问题.well-being 替换掉 happiness （幸福，安康）pros and cons 替换掉 advantages and disadvantages（好处和坏处）You must consider all the pros and consof the matter before you make a decision.在你做决定之前，必须考虑这个问题的正反两个方面.approach / method 替换掉 way（方法，方案）adopt 替换掉 use （采用，采取）the aged 替换掉 old people（老人）adolescents 替换掉 the young （青少年）employment 替换掉 job（就业）affair 替换掉 thing （事情，东西）bent 替换掉 gift （天赋，爱好）catastrophe 替换掉（ disaster 灾难）subscribe to 替换掉 agree with（ 同意）tend 替换掉 want（趋向于.想要.）I am tending to another customer at he moment.acquire 替换掉 gain （获得（尤指知识上的）administration 替换掉 government （政府部门）contribute to 替换掉 cause （引起）extremely 替换掉 very （非常的）frown on sth 替换 disagree with sth （ 不同意）for instance 替换掉 for example （例如）advocate 倡导compensate for 弥补.Spare no efforts for努力In contemporary society 在当今社会A vast amount of 大量的be abundant in 富有.on ones own account 为了某人自己的利益at ones own risk 自行负责onaccount of 由于On no account绝不要arise from 由.引起Are these any matters arising from the last meeting？这些事情都是由上次的会议引起的吗？assess 评估，评价Examinations are not the only means of assessing ones ability.考试不是评价一个人能力的唯一方法.authentic 真实的，可信的gradual 逐渐的There has been a gradual improvment in .over the last two years.过去的两年中.逐渐改善.multiply rapidly .迅速增加.ripe 时候成熟的The country is ripe for change.国家已是时候改变.trend 趋势，趋向，潮流The trend at the moment is that .现在.是一个趋势.emphrasize 强调，重视I d like to emphrasize how important it is to .sustainable development 可持续发展三.高级句型1. It must be pointed out that it is one of our basic State policies to control population growth while raising the quality of the population. 一定要指出的是国家基本政策之一是在提高人口质量的同时控制人口增长。2. It must be kept in mind that there is no secret of success but hard work. 一定要记住的是成功的秘密是努力的工作。3. It can be seen from this that there is no difficulty in the world we cannot overcome.从这里可看出，世上没有克服不了的困难。5. As is known to us, knowledge is power.众所周知，知识就是力量。6. It is a common saying that where there is a will ,there is a way俗话说，有志者，事竟成。7. It is hard to imagine how Edison managed to work twenty hours each day.很难想象爱迪生每天是怎样工作20小时的。8. Its hard to say whether the plan is practical.这个计划是否实际很难说。9. There is no doubt that you will be helped by others if you have any difficulties.毫无疑问，你有困难时，会得到别人的帮助。10. To tell the truth , many mistakes we made could have been avoided.老实说我们所犯的许多错误本来都能够避免的。11. As we know, it was not until recently that the problem was solved.正如我们指的的一样，直到最近，这个问题才被解决。13. All this shows that nothing can prevent us from reaching our aims.这显示了没有事情能够阻挡我们实现目标。14. As far as we know, it took him more than a year to write the book.到目前为止我们所知道的是，他用了10年的时间来写这本书。15. It has been proved that his theory is right.已经证明，他的理论是对的。17. To be frank, whether you like it or not, you have no other choice.老实说，不论你喜不喜欢，你别无选择。19. We will be successful as long as we insist on working hard.只要我们坚持努力工作，我们会成功的。21. It is true that we must make our greater efforts; otherwise we cannot catch up with the developed countries.是真的，我们要作出更大的努力，不然/否则，我们不能赶上发达国家。22. I take it for granted that they will support this idea.我认为他们会支持这个提议是理所当然的。24. In a certain sense, a successful scientist is a person who is never satisfied with what he has achieved.在某种情况下，一个成功的科学家就是一个绝不满足于自己已取得的成就的人。25. There is no denying the fact that the new management method has greatly increased the production. 不可否认的事实是，新的管理方法已经极大提高了产量。26. Upon / On hearing the unexpected news, he was so surprised that he couldnt say a word. 一听到这个出乎意料的消息，他惊讶到说不出话来。27. As the saying goes, nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.俗话说，世上无难事，只怕有心人。28. Noting can prevent us from realizing the four modernizations.没有事情可以阻止我们实现四个现代化。29. Now in China, more and more families can afford to buy high-grade goods, such as washing machines, TV sets, video-recorders.在今时今日的中国，越来越多的家庭有能力买高档次的货物，例如洗衣机、电视机和录像机。30. No matter how difficult English may be, you should do your best to learn it.不管英语有多么难，你都应该尽你最大的努力来学它。31. The number of visitors has increased year by year. As a result of Reform and Open Policy, the number of them has been increasing greatly each year.游客的数量逐年递增，由于改革开发政策，游客的数量已经每年大幅增加。32. You will forget your tiredness and build up your health.你会忘记疲劳，建造健康。33. But sometimes traveling is not an enjoyable thing, for example, the weather can be changeable. You may be caught in the rain and may catch a cold while travelling. 但有时候，旅游不一定是一件令人享受的事，举个例子，天气多变。你有可能在旅程中被雨淋或着凉感冒。34. The worst thing is that you may have your money stolen and you may have an injury. All these are terrible things which can happen to a tourist.最糟糕的事情事你的钱可能被偷或者你也能发生意外。所有这些事情都是有可能发生在你身上的。35. you must be careful everywhere and try to avoid accidents.你必须要处处小心，尽量去避免意外。36Our factories will try our best to meet the requirements of consumers.我们的工厂们会尽最大努力来满足顾客们的要求。37.Last Sunday, our class organized some volunteers activities, in which all of us took an active part.上个星期天，我们班组织一些志愿活动，我们所有人都参加了。38.These volunteers activities can help us to gain some social experience and make good sense of our personal values as well. 这些义务活动能帮我们获取一些社会经验同时也能帮我们意识到自身的价值。39. Group three helped to raise money in the street for the “Hope Project”, so that more children in poor areas can afford their schooling.第三组帮忙到街上集款给“希望工程”，以至于有更多的贫困地区的孩子们能读得起书。40. Compared with the traditional cards, electronic cards are more interesting and lively.与传统的卡片相比，电子卡更有趣和生动。41. In Guangming Middle School, every Sunday afternoon from 2:30 p.m.to 4:30 p.m., there is an English corner. 在光明中学，每周日下午从2.30到4.30，有一个英语角。42. Apart from students from Guangming Middle school, the attendants include students from other middle schools or colleges, even doctors and engineers.除了光明中学的学生之外，参加的人还有其他中学的学生或大学的学生，甚至还有医生和工程师们。3.All the teachers and the students are expected to be present at the art festival. There is sure to be a lot of fun. Do come and join us.所有的老师和学生都要出席学校的艺术节。到时肯定很好玩。请务必到场加入我们。44.Although Li Hua was the last one to cross the finishing line, he won the “Courage Cup” with honor. I was deeply touched by Li Huas great determination. 虽然李华是最后一个冲线的人，但他赢得了勇气杯。我被李华的坚强意志深深地感动了。45. More should be done to strengthen industrys links with universities.应该做更多的事情加强工业界和大学的联系.46. We are looking for someone who will be able to motivate the staff to work hard.我们在寻找能激励职员们努力工作的人.四.高级结构和固定句首先, 第一: initially, to begin with, to start with其次, 第二, 第三, 第四: furthermore, moreover, in addition, besides最后: finally, last but not the leastl 现在(目前), XXXX现象是不可避免且难以否认的Currently, there is an inevitable and undeniable fact that At present, it is inevitable and undeniable that .例句: Currently, there is an inevitable and undeniable fact that computer is playing a significant role in our daily livesAt present, it is inevitable and undeniable that advertisement has been flooding into our daily livesl 随着社会(科技)的发展,人们开始注意到XXXX的重要性Along with the advance of the society (science and technology), people are attaching much importance to 例句: Along with the advance of the society, people are attaching more and more importance to the interview in the job-huntingl 最近, XXXXX现象引起了人们的广泛关注Recently, the phenomenon of (that) has aroused wide public concern例句: Recently, the phenomenon that CPI keeps increasing has aroused wide public concernl 一部分人认为., 而另一部分人认为Some people argue that., whereas others maintain that.l 就我个人而言(老实说), 我全力支持前者(后者)As for me, I am in high favor of the former (latter)Personally, I side with the former (latter)Frankly speaking/ To be frank/ To be honest/ Honestly speaking, it is the former (latter) that I approve ofl 我认为(在我看来,就我看来,我的观点是, 我想I am convinced thatAs far as I am concerned, To my point of view, From where I stand, l 作为一把双刃剑as a two-bladed sword, as a double-edged swordl 因此, 基于以上讨论, 我们很容易得出的结论Hence (Consequently), based on the discussion above, it is easy for us to draw the conclusion that. 英语四级作文万能句（一）段首句 n 关于人们有不同的观点。一些人认为 There are different opinions among people as to _ . Some people suggest that _. n 俗话说（常言道）它是我们前辈的经历， 但是，即使在今天，它在许多场合仍然适用There is an old saying_. Its the experience of our forefathers，however，it is correct in many cases even today. n 现在，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。 首先，；其次，。更为糟糕的是Today, _, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, _ Second,_. What makes things worse is that_. n 现在，很普遍，许多人喜欢，因为，另外（而且）Nowadays，it is common to _. Many people like _ because _. Besides，_. n 任何事物都是有两面性，也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。 Everything has two sides and _ is not an exception，it has both advantages and disadvantages. n 关于人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为（说），在他们看来 Peoples opinions about _ vary from person to person. Some people say that _.To them,_. n 人类正面临着一个严重的问题，这个问题变得越来越严重。 Man is now facing a big problem _ which is becoming more and more serious. n 已成为人的关注的热门话题，特别是在年青人当中，将引发激烈的辩论。 _ has become a hot topic among people，especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way. n 在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用，它给我们带来了许多好处，但同时也引发一些严重的问题。 _ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.it has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well. n 根据图表/数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比/图表/条形图/成形图可以看出。很显然，但是为什么呢？ According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar graph/line/graph，it can be seen that_ while. Obviously，_，but why? （二）中间段落句 u 相反，有一些人赞成，他们相信，而且，他们认为。 On the contrary，there are some people in favor of _.At the same time，they say_. u 但是，我认为这不是解决的好方法，比如。最糟糕的是。 But I dont think it is a very good way to solve _.For example，_.Worst of all，_. u 对我们国家的发展和建设是必不可少的，（也是）非常重要的。首先，。而且，最重要的是 _is necessary and important to our countrys development and construction. First，_.Whats more, _.Most important of all,_. u 有几个可供我们采纳的方法。首先，我们可以。 There are several measures for us to adopt. First, we can_ u 面临，我们应该采取一系列行之有效的方法来。 一方面，另一方面， Confronted with_，we should take a series of effective measures to_. For one thing，_For another，_ u 早就应该拿出行动了。比如说，另外。所有这些方法肯定会。 It is high time that something was done about it. For example. _.In addition. _.All these measures will certainly_. u 为什么？第一个原因是；第二个原因是；第三个原因是。 总的来说，的主要原因是由于 Why_? The first reason is that _.The second reason is _.The third is _.For all this, the main cause of _due to _. u 然而，正如任何事物都有好坏两个方面一样，也有它的不利的一面，例如。 However, just like everything has both its good and bad sides, _also has its own disadvantages, such as _. u 尽管如此，我相信更有利。 Nonetheless, I believe that _is more advantageous. u 完全同意这种观点（陈述），主要理由如下： I fully agree with the statement that _ because_. （三）结尾句 v 至于我，在某种程度上我同意后面的观点，我认为 As far as I am concerned, I agree with the latter opinion to some extent. I think that _. v 总而言之，整个社会应该密切关注这个问题。 只有这样，我们才能在将来。 In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of _.Only in this way can _in the future. v 但是，和都有它们各自的优势（好处）。例如，而。 然而，把这两者相比较，我更倾向于（喜欢） But _and _have their own advantages. For example, _, while_. Comparing this with that, however, I prefer to_. v 就我个人而言，我相信，因此，我坚信美好的未来正等着我们。因为 Personally, I believe that_. Consequently, Im confident that a bright future is awaiting us because_. v 随着社会的发展，。因此，迫切需要。 如果每个人都愿为社会贡献自已的一份力量，这个社会将要变得越来越好。 With the development of society, _.So its urgent and necessary to _.If every member is willing to contribute himself to the society, it will be better and better. v 至于我（对我来说，就我而言），我认为更合理。只有这样，我们才能 For my part, I think it reasonable to_. Only in this way can you _. v 对我来说，我认为有必要。 原因如下：第一，； 第二，；最后但同样重要的是 In my opinion, I think it necessary to_. The reasons are as follows. First _.Second _. Last but not least,_. v 在总体上很难说是好还是坏，因为它在很大程度上取决于的形势。 然而，就我个人而言，我发现。 It is difficult to say whether _is good or not in general as it depends very much on the situation of_. However, from a personal point of view find_. v 综上所述，我们可以清楚地得出结论 From what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that_. v 如果我们不采取有效的方法，就可能控制不了这种趋势，就会出现一些意想不到的不良后果，所以，我们应该做的是 If we can not take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable result may come out unexpectedly, so what we should do is_.n 英语作文万能句子：8种实用句型 一.开头句型1.As far as .is concerned 就而言2.It goes without saying that. .不言而喻， 3.It can be said with certainty that. 可以肯定地说. 4.As the proverb says， 正如谚语所说的， 5.It has to be noticed that. 它必须注意到，. 6.Its generally recognized that. 它普遍认为. 7.Its likely that . 这可能是因为. 8.Its hardly that. 这是很难的.9.Its hardly too much to say that. 它几乎没有太多的说10.What calls for special attention is that.需要特别注意的是11.Theres no denying the fact that.毫无疑问，无可否认12.Nothing is more important than the fact that. 没有什么比这更重要的是13.whats far more important is that. 更重要的是 二.衔接句型1.A case in point is . 一个典型的例子是. 2.As is often the case.由于通常情况下. 3.As stated in the previous paragraph 如前段所述4.But the problem is not so simple. Therefore 然而问题并非如此简单，所以5.But its a pity that. 但遗憾的是 6.For all that.对于这一切. In spite of the fact that.尽管事实. 7.Further, we hold opinion that. 此外，我们坚持认为，. 8.However , the difficulty lies in.然而，困难在于9.Similarly, we should pay attention to. 同样，我们要注意. 10.not(that).but(that).不是，而是11.In view of the present station.鉴于目前形势 12.As has been mentioned above.正如上面所提到的13.In this respect, we may as well (say) 从这个角度上我们可以说14.However, we have to look at the other side of the coin, that is. 然而我们还得看到事物的另一方面，即 三.结尾句型1.I will conclude by saying. 最后我要说2.Therefore, we have the reason to believe that.因此，我们有理由相信3.All things considered,总而言之 It may be safely said that.它可以有把握地说. 4.Therefore, in my opinion, its more advisable.因此，在我看来，更可取的是5.From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that.通过以上讨论，我们可以得出结论6. The data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that.通过数据我们得到的结论是，. 7.It can be concluded from the discussion that.从中我们可以得出这样的结论8.From my point of view, it would be better if.在我看来也许更好 四.举例句型1. Lets take.to illustrate this.2. lets take the above chart as an example to illustrate this.3. Here is one more example. 4. Take for example. 5.The same is true of.6. This offers a typical instance of.7. We may quote a common example of.8.Just think of. 五.常用于引言段的句型1. Some people think that . 有些人认为To be frank, I can not agree with their opinion for the reasons below. 坦率地说，我不能同意他们的意见，理由如下。 2. For years, has been seen as , but things are quite different now.多年来，一直被视为，但今天的情况有很大的不同。3. I believe the title statement is valid because. 我认为这个论点是正确的，因为4. I cannot entirely agree with the idea that .我无法完全同意这一观点的5. My argument for this view goes as follows.我对这个问题的看法如下。6. Along with the development of, more and more.随着的发展，越来越多7. There is a long-running debate as to whether.有一个长期运行的辩论，是否8. It is commonly/generally/widely/ believed /held/accepted/recognized that.它通常是认为9. As far as I am concerned, I completely agree with the former/ the latter.就我而言，我完全同意前者/后者。10. Before giving my opinion, I think it is essential to look at the argument of both sides.在给出我的观点之前，我想有必要看看双方的论据。 六 表示比较和对比的常用句型和表达法1. A is completely / totally / entirely different from B.2. A and B are different in some/every way / respect / aspect.3. A and B differ in. 4. A differs from B in.5. The difference between A and B is/lies in/exists in.6. Compared with/In contrast to/Unlike A, B.7. A, on the other hand,/in contrast,/while/whereas B.8. While it is generally believed that A , I believe B.9. Despite their similarities, A and B ar
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