2022年考博英语-国防科技大学考试题库及模拟押密卷10（含答案解析）

2022年考博英语-国防科技大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题The marketing of industrial products necessitated large-scale storage spaces, and enormous shops selling under one roof a wide variety of items.问题1选项A.identifiedB.replacedC.requiredD.supplied【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A项identify“确定，鉴定，识别”，B项replace“取代，代替，替换”，C项require“需要，要求”，D项supply“供给，提供”。句意：工业产品的营销需要大规模的存储空间，以及一个可以销售各种各样商品的巨大商店。necessitate在句中表示“需要”，四个选项中意思与之相近的是C项。因此，该题选择C项。2. 单选题Shams and delusions are esteemed for soundest truths, while reality is fabulous. If men would steadily observe realities only, and not allow themselves to be deluded, life, to compare it with such things as we know, would be like a fairy tale and the Arabian Nights Entertainments. If were respected only what is inevitable and has a right to be, music and poetry would resound along the streets. When we are unhurried and wise, we perceive that only great and worthy things have any permanent and absolute existencethat petty fears and petty pleasure are but the shadow of reality. This is always exhilarating and sublime. By closing the eyes and slumbering, by consenting to be deceived by shows, men establish and confirm their daily life of routine and habit everywhere, which still is built on purely illusory foundation. Children, who play life, discern its true law and relations more clearly than men, who fail to live worthily, but who think that they are wiser by experience, that is, by failure. I have read in a Hindoo book, that “there was a kings son, who, being expelled in infancy from his native city, was brought up by a forester, and, growing up to maturity in that state, imagined himself to belong to the barbarous race with which be lived. One of his fathers ministers having discovered him, revealed to him what he was, and the misconception of his character was removed, and he knew himself to be a prince. So soul, from the circumstances in which it is placed, mistakes its own character, until the truth is revealed to it by some holy teacher, and then it knows itself to be Brahme.” We think that that is which appears to be. If a man should give us an account of the realities he beheld, we should not recognize the place in his description. Look at a meeting-house, or a court-house, or a jail, or a shop. Or a dwelling-house, and say what that thing really is before a true gaze, and they would all go to pieces in your account of them. Men esteem truth remote, in the outskirts of the system, behind the farthest star, before Adam and after the last man. In eternity there is indeed something true and sublime. But all these times and places and occasions are now and here. God himself culminates in the present moment, and will never be more divine in the lapse of all ages. And we are enabled to apprehend at all what is sublime and noble only by the perpetual instilling and drenching of the reality that surrounds us. The universe constantly and obediently answers to our conceptions; whether we travel fast or slow, the track is laid for us. Let us spend our lives in conceiving then. The poet or the artist never yet had as fair and noble a design but some of his posterity at least could accomplish it.39. The writers attitude toward the arts is one of _.40. The author believes that a child _.41. The author is primarily concerned with urging the reader to _.42. The passage is primarily concerned with problem of _.问题1选项A.admirationB.indifferenceC.suspicionD.repulsion问题2选项A.should practice what the Hindoos preach.B.frequently faces vital problems better than grownups do.C.hardly ever knows his true origin.D.is incapable of appreciating the arts.问题3选项A.look to the future for enlightenment.B.appraise the present for its true value.C.honor the wisdom of the past ages.D.spend more time in leisure activities.问题4选项A.history and economics.B.society and population.C.biology and physics.D.theology and philosophy.【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:B第4题:D【解析】39.【试题答案】A【试题解析】作者态度题。题干意思是“作者对艺术的态度是”。文章第三句提到If were respected only what is inevitable and has a right to be, music and poetry would resound along the streets.（如果我们只尊重必然的东西，尊重有权威为必然的东西，那么音乐和诗歌会重新在街上唱诵）以及最后一句说到The poet or the artist never yet had as fair and noble a design but some of his posterity at least could accomplish it.（虽然诗人或艺术家从来没有如此美好和崇高的设想，但至少他的一些后代会达到这一步的），从这两个句子我们可以知道作者把艺术看作是崇高和美好，而不是被蒙蔽的东西，所以A项“钦佩，赞赏”符合。B项“漠不关心”、C项“怀疑”和D项“反感，厌恶”都不准确。因此，该题选择A项正确。40.【试题答案】B【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“作者相信一个孩子”。第七句提到Children, who play life, discern its true law and relations more clearly than men, who fail to live worthily（孩子们游戏生活，却比那些难以很好生活的成人们更能清楚的分辨出显示生活的真正规律和联系），由此可知，对于生活中的困难和问题，作者相信孩子们能够比成年人更好地去面对，故B项“常常比成年人更好地面对各种问题”符合题意。C项“几乎不知道他的真实出身”，这是讲的王子的事情，不是一般的孩子。A项“应该实践印度布道所宣扬的东西”和D项“难以欣赏艺术”在文中没有描述。因此，该题选择B项正确。41.【试题答案】B【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“作者主要关心的是敦促读者”。文章提到In eternity there is indeed something true and sublime. But all these times and places and occasions are now and here. God himself culminates in the present moment, and will never be more divine in the lapse of all ages. And we are enabled to apprehend at all what is sublime and noble only by the perpetual instilling and drenching of the reality that surrounds us.（永恒中，确实有真实和崇高的东西存在。但是所有这一切时间，地点，机遇都是在此时此地。上帝本身在现时达到了顶峰。在今后流逝的岁月中，它绝不会更加神圣崇高。我们只有长期不断地灌输和浸润在周围现实之中，才能理解什么是崇高和神圣的东西。），由此可知，真实和崇高的东西都是存在于现在的，在今后的岁月中，绝对不会变得更加神圣和崇高，所以可推知，作者强调的是人们应该珍惜现在，所以B项“珍视目前的真正价值”符合题意。A项“展望未来，寻求启迪”与原文不符。C项“尊重过去的智慧”和D项“花更多的时间在休闲活动上”没提到。因此，该题选择B项正确。42.【试题答案】D【试题解析】主旨大意题。题干意思是“这篇文章主要是关于的问题”。通读全文可知，文章整篇都在就真理和现实来展开论述，传递的内容是哲学推理论说，所以D项“神学和哲学”符合题意。A项“历史和经济学”、B项“社会和人口”和C项“生物学和物理学”都在文中找不到相关的信息。因此，该题选择D项正确。3. 单选题The economic depression in the late-nineteenth-century United States (31) significantly to a growing movement in literature toward realism and naturalism. After the 1870s, a number of important authors began to reject the romanticism that had (32) immediately following the Civil War of 1861-1865 and turned (33) to realism. (34) to portray life as it was, with (35) to real life and accurate representation without idealization, they studied local dialects, wrote stories which focused on life in specific regions of the country, and emphasized the “true” relationships between people. In doing so, they reflected broader trends in the society, (36) industrialization, evolutionary theory which emphasized the effect of the environment on humans, and the influence of science.Realists such as Joel Chandler Harris and Ellen Glasgow depicted life in the South, Hamlin Garland described life on the Great Plains, and Sarah Orne Jewett wrote about everyday life in rural New England. Another realist, Bret Harte, achieved fame (37) stories that portrayed local life in the California mining camps.Samuel Clemens, who (38) the pen name Mark Twain, became the countrys most outstanding realist author, observing life around him with a humorous and skeptical eye. In his stories and novels, Twain drew on his own experiences and used dialect and common speech instead of (39) language, touching (40) a major change in American prose style.Other writers became impatient even with realism. Pushing evolutionary theory to its limits, they wrote of a world in which a cruel and merciless environment determined human fate. These writers, called naturalists, often focused on economic hardship, studying people struggling with poverty, and other aspects of (41) and industrial life. Naturalists brought to their writing a passion for direct and honest experience.Theodore Dreiser, the foremost naturalist writer, in novels such as Sister Carrie, (42) portrayed a dark world in which human beings were (43) by forces (44) their understanding or control. Dreiser thought that writers should tell the truth about human affairs, not (45) romance, and Sister Carrie, he said, was “not intended as a piece of literary craftsmanship, but was a picture of conditions.”问题1选项A.dedicatedB.contributedC.fabricatedD.deliberated问题2选项A.debauchedB.weakenedC.enfeebledD.prevailed问题3选项A.againstB.insteadC.overD.forward问题4选项A.DeterminedB.DetermineC.DeterminingD.To determine问题5选项A.deceptionB.fantasyC.realizationD.fidelity问题6选项A.with regard toB.in terms ofC.such asD.regardless of问题7选项A.withB.onC.byD.about问题8选项A.createdB.innovatedC.adoptedD.renewed问题9选项A.literalB.literateC.literaryD.literature问题10选项A.aboutB.offC.onD.with问题11选项A.suburbanB.urbanC.localD.modern问题12选项A.grimlyB.fervidlyC.frigidlyD.frenziedly问题13选项A.tossed aboutB.held downC.ended upD.built up问题14选项A.betweenB.withinC.beyondD.off问题15选项A.fabricateB.developC.convergeD.replenish【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:B第4题:A第5题:D第6题:C第7题:A第8题:C第9题:C第10题:B第11题:B第12题:A第13题:A第14题:B第15题:A【解析】31.【试题答案】B【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A项dedicate“致力，献身”，dedicate to表示“献身，把（时间、精力等）用于”；B项contribute“贡献，出力”，contribute to表示“有助于，促成”；C项fabricate“制造，伪造”，D项deliberate“仔细考虑，商议”。根据句子可知，空格处填入的词和to搭配，C、D项可排除。由主语economic depression（经济萧条）和宾语growing movement（蓬勃发展的活动）可知，填入“促进”符合语境。句意：19世纪后期美国的经济萧条显著地促进了文学向现实主义和自然主义发展的运动。因此，该题选择B项。32.【试题答案】D【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A项debauch“使堕落，使颓废”，B项weaken“减少，使变弱”，C项enfeeble“使衰弱，使无力”，D项prevail“盛行，流行，战胜”。根据前半句句子意思“19世纪70年代以后，一些重要的作家开始拒绝浪漫主义”可知，四个选项中填入D项符合。因此，该题选择D项。33.【试题答案】B【试题解析】考查词义辨析。A项against“反对，违反”，B项instead“代替，反而”，C项over“倒下，翻转，关于”，D项forward“向前地，按顺序地”。前面提到“一些重要的作家开始拒绝1861-1865年内战后盛行的浪漫主义”，所以后面的turned _ to realism应该是指“反而转向现实主义”。句意：19世纪70年代以后，一些重要的作家开始拒绝1861-1865年内战后盛行的浪漫主义，转而转向现实主义。因此，该题选择B项。34.【试题答案】A【试题解析】考查非谓语动词。从句子可知，句子不缺少谓语动词，所以空格处只能填入一个非谓语动词，B选项先排除；从句意可知，此处表示原因，D项不定式表目的也排除。这里是表示主语的一个状态，即“他们决定描绘真实的生活”，而determining强调的是动作，和主语谓语动词同时发生，所以determined更好。因此，该题选择A项。35.【试题答案】D【试题解析】考查名词辨析。A项deception“欺骗，欺诈”，B项fantasy“幻想，白日梦”，C项realization“实现，领悟”，D项fidelity“忠诚，精确，尽责”。根据该部分的意思“真实的生活，准确的表现，而不是理想化”可知，空格处应该填入“忠于”，D项符合。句意：他们决心描绘真实的生活，忠实于现实生活，准确地表现，而不是理想化；他们研究当地方言，写故事，关注特定地区的生活，强调人与人之间的真实关系。因此，该题选择D项。36.【试题答案】C【试题解析】考查词组辨析。A项with regard to“关于，至于”，B项in terms of“依据，按照”，C项such as“比如，诸如”，D项regardless of“不顾，不管”。根据句意“在这样做的过程中，他们反映了更广泛的社会趋势，工业化以及科学的影响”可知，四个选项中填入such as符合句意。句意：在这样做的过程中，他们反映了更广泛的社会趋势，如工业化、强调环境对人类影响的进化理论，以及科学的影响。因此，该题选择C项。37.【试题答案】A【试题解析】考查介词辨析。A项with“具有，和，使用”，B项on“在上”，C项by“通过”，D项about“关于，目的是，针对”。根据句子可知，这里是指“另一位现实主义者通过故事成名”，所以B、D选项先排除。“by+某物”通常表示“某物”才是行为的主体，“with+某物”通常表示“人”才是行为的主体，此处的行为主体是人，所以填入with正确。句意：另一位现实主义者布雷特哈特因描写加州采矿营地的当地生活而成名。因此，该题选择A项。38.【试题答案】C【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A项create“创造，创作”，B项innovate“创新，改革”，C项adopt“采取，接受，收养”，D项renew“使更新，续借”。根据pen name（笔名）可知，adopt正确。句意：塞缪尔克莱门斯以马克吐温为笔名，成为美国最杰出的现实主义作家，用幽默和怀疑的眼光观察周围的生活。因此，该题选择C项。39.【试题答案】C【试题解析】考查词义辨析。A项literal“文字的，逐字的”，B项literate“受过教育的，精通文学的”，C项literary“文学的，书面的”，D项literature“文学，文献”。根据句子可知，空格处要填入一个形容词修饰language，D项排除。前面提到dialect and common speech（方言和共同语），结合instead of（而不是）对比可知，空格部分表示“文学语言”符合。因此，该题选择C项。40.【试题答案】B【试题解析】考查介词辨析。A项about“关于，目的是，针对”，B项off“不在，远离”，touch off表示“触发，勾划出，草草写”；C项on“在上”，touch on表示“提及，谈及”；D项with“具有，和，使用”，touch with表示“用触摸，接触”。根据空格后的信息a major change in American prose style（美国散文风格的重大变化）可知，“引起、导致”符合语境，四个选项中只有B项符合。句意：马克吐温利用自己的经验，使用方言和普通语言，而不是文学语言，引发了美国散文风格的重大变化。因此，该题选择B项。41.【试题答案】B【试题解析】考查形容词辨析和上下文理解。A项suburban“郊区的，城郊的”，B项urban“城市的，住在都市的”，C项local“当地的，地方性的”，D项modern“现代的，近代的”。这一段讲述的是对现实主义失去耐心的作家所描绘的世界，所以和现实主义作家所描绘的世界是不同的，上文提到现实主义作家描绘的是“南方生活、大平原生活、乡村生活以及当地生活等”，所以A、C项在该段不太可能提及，先排除；而D项范围太大，所以只有B项符合。句意：这些作家被称为自然主义者，他们经常关注经济困难，研究在贫困中挣扎的人们，以及城市和工业生活的其他方面。因此，该题选择B项。42.【试题答案】A【试题解析】考查副词辨析。A项grimly“可怕地，冷酷地”，B项fervidly“激情地，热情地”，C项frigidly“冷淡地，呆板地”，D项frenziedly“极其激动地，狂乱地”。根据句意“最重要的自然主义作家西奥多德莱塞在嘉莉妹妹等小说中描绘了一个黑暗的世界”可知，四个选项中，A选项比较符合语境。因此，该题选择A项。43.【试题答案】A【试题解析】考查词组辨析。A项toss about“翻来覆去，折腾”，B项hold down“抑制，压制”，C项end up“结束，死亡”，D项build up“增进，加强”。根据human beings were _ by forces（人类被力量）可知，四个选项中只有A项能符合。因此，该题选择A项。44.【试题答案】B【试题解析】考查介词辨析。A项between“（空间、时间、数量等）在之间”，B项within“在之内”，C项beyond“在（或向）较远的一边，超过，越过”，D项off“远离”。由后面的understanding or control可知，空格处填入beyond符合。句意：著名的自然主义作家西奥多德莱塞在嘉莉妹妹等小说中，冷酷地描绘了一个黑暗的世界，在这个世界里，人类被他们无法理解或控制的力量所摇动。因此，该题选择B项。45.【试题答案】A【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A项fabricate“制造，伪造”，B项develop“开发，进步”，C项converge“使汇聚”，D项replenish“补充，再装满”。由前面的truth对比可知，空格处填入fabricate表示“编造”符合语境。句意：德莱塞认为，作家应该讲述人性的真实，而不是编造爱情故事；他说嘉莉妹妹不是一种文学技艺，而是一幅现实状况的图画。因此，该题选择A项。4. 单选题Coding schemes were developed to enable researchers to compare the detailed facial positions of individual portions of die face (eyebrows, mouth, etc.) for different emotions.问题1选项A.systemsB.presentationsC.proposalsD.investigations【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。A项system“制度，体制，系统”，B项presentation“展示，描述，陈述”，C项proposal“提议，建议”，D项investigation“调查，调查研究”。句意：编码方案的发展，使研究人员能够比较不同情绪下模具面部各个部分（眉毛、嘴巴等）的详细面部位置。schemes在句中表示“计划、方案”，四个选项中意思与之相近的是A项。因此，该题选择A项。5. 单选题Having fully embraced the belief that government by persuasion is preferable to government by coercion, the leaders of the movement have recently _ most of the previous statements supporting totalitarianism.问题1选项A.issuedB.repudiatedC.demonstratedD.deliberated【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A项issue“发行，发布，发给”，B项repudiate“拒绝，否定”，C项demonstrate“证明，展示”，D项deliberate“仔细考虑，商议”。根据前半句的意思“完全接受了说服政府比强迫政府更可取的信念”，可知，对于后半句中的_ most of the previous statements supporting totalitarianism（_ 以前大多数支持极权主义的声明）应该是表示“否认”，B项符合。句意：该运动的领导人完全接受了说服政府比强迫政府更可取的信念，最近他们否认了以前大多数支持极权主义的声明。因此，该题选择B项。6. 单选题The relatives who received little or nothing sought to invalidate the will by claiming that the deceased had not been in his right mind when he had signed the document.问题1选项A.destroyB.inveighC.mandateD.strengthen【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。题干invalidate“使无效，使作废”。A项“摧毁，破坏”，B项“抨击，痛骂”，C项“授权”，D项“加强，增强”。因此选A。句意：几乎没有或什么也没有得到的亲戚声称，死者在签署文件时精神不正常，遗嘱无效。7. 单选题Stop _ all over Julianna; for once, let her make her own breakfast and prepare her own cup of morning coffee.问题1选项A.fawningB.calculatingC.flatteringD.praising【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。A项fawn“讨好”，B项calculate“计算，预测”，C项flatter“奉承，谄媚”，D项praise“赞扬，（尤指唱歌）歌颂（上帝）”。由后面的句子意思“让她自己做早餐，自己准备一杯早餐咖啡”结合选项内容可推测，Stop _ all over Julianna表示“不要对朱莉安娜献殷勤”，B、D选项排除；C选项一般后面直接跟人，即flatter sb.；只有A项可以表示fawn on/over sb.（奉承、讨好）。句意：不要对朱莉安娜献殷勤，这一次，让她自己做早餐，自己准备一杯早餐咖啡。因此，该题选择A项。8. 单选题Salesmanship is the ability to sway people to willingly buy products or support new ideas.问题1选项A.educateB.expectC.allowD.persuade【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A项educate“教育，培养，训练”，B项expect“期望，指望，认为”，C项allow“允许，给予，认可”，D项persuade“说服，劝说，使某人相信”。句意：推销术是说服人们愿意购买产品或支持新想法的能力。sway在句中表示“说服”，四个选项中意思与之相近的是D项。因此，该题选择D项。9. 单选题Line, shape, or texture may be the predominant element according to the printing technique used.问题1选项A.in addition toB.in order toC.regardless ofD.depending on【答案】D【解析】考查词组辨析。A项in addition to“除之外（还有，也）”，B项in order to“为了”，C项regardless of“不顾，不管”，D项depend on“取决于，依赖，依靠”。句意：根据使用的印刷技术，线条、形状或纹理可能是主要的元素。according to在句中表示“根据”，四个选项中意思与之相近的是D项。因此，该题选择D项。10. 单选题Verbal art has the ability to shape out a compelling inner version in some skillfully crated public verbal form.问题1选项A.joyfulB.intricateC.competingD.forceful【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。题干compelling“不可抗拒的；令人信服的”。A项“高兴的；快乐的”，B项“错综复杂的”，C项“相互冲突的；相互矛盾的”，D项“强有力的；有说服力的”。因此只有D项符合。句意：言语艺术有能力以一种技巧娴熟的公开言语形式塑造出引人入胜的内部版本。11. 单选题Tucker is a _ eater. Every day he polishes off a half-dozen hamburgers, a pound of potato salad, and a giant bowl of chocolate mousse.问题1选项A.savoryB.palatableC.culinaryD.voracious【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项savory“咸味的，好吃的，好闻的”，B项palatable“（食物或饮料）可口的，味美的”，C项culinary“烹饪的，食物的”，D项voracious“饭量大的，贪吃的，狼吞虎咽的”。由后面的句意“吃掉六个汉堡包、一磅土豆沙拉和一大碗巧克力慕斯”可知，D项符合。句意：塔克食量很大，他每天要吃掉六个汉堡包、一磅土豆沙拉和一大碗巧克力慕斯。因此，该题选择D项。12. 翻译题Whether they are male or female, adolescents feel like deciding on everything themselves in spite of parents instruction, especially when they face problems like sex, mental stress, etc., which make them feel ashamed and embarrassed. Thus they often automatically get into troubles due to their imperfect comprehension and judgment. Some are addicted to cigarettes, only several packets of which will hurt their lings and make them breathless quickly. Other cant quit drinking alcohol, whose harmful effects includes causing young pregnant women to abort or give birth to abnormal babies. The worst is drug abuse, for the withdrawal is tough once their bodies are accustomed to the drugs. Meanwhile, those who share needles bought from illegal chemists are at great risk of being infected with desperate AIDS. If so, neither injecting nor taking pills can guarantee their survival.However, dont be disappointed at or have prejudice against our children so easily. After all, being awkward is an appendix of youth. As long as we strengthen communication with them instead of only banning this or banning that, we will surely help them avoid anything unfit.【答案】参考译文：不论男女，青少年们都喜欢不顾家长的指导，自己对一切作决定，特别是当他们面对如性、心理压力等等一些使他们觉得羞愧和尴尬的问题时更是如此。因此，由于他们理解力和判断力的不足，他们常常会无意识地陷入困境中。有的对香烟上瘾，只要几包就会对他们的肺造成损害，使他们很容易就气喘吁吁；有的没法戒酒，喝酒带来的不良后果包括造成年轻的怀孕女性流产或生下不正常的婴儿；最糟糕的是滥用毒品，因为一旦他们的身体对毒品习惯了，要想戒毒就相当困难了。同时，那些共用从非法药剂师处购买的注射器的青少年还承担着感染令人绝望的艾滋病的极大风险。一旦感染上，不管是打针还是吃药都没法保证他们的生存了。然而，请不要轻易就对我们的孩子失望或抱有偏见，毕竟，不成熟是年轻的必然附属品。只要我们加强和他们的沟通，而不是仅仅禁止这样，不准那样，我们一定能帮助他们避开不健康的东西。13. 单选题In spite of the rain, the _ spectators waited patiently for the delayed start of the game.问题1选项A.industriousB.ingeniousC.chaoticD.assiduous【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项industrious“勤奋的，勤劳的”，B项ingenious“有独创性的，机灵的，精制的”，C项chaotic“混沌的，混乱的”，D项assiduous“兢兢业业的，孜孜不倦的”。由spectators（观众）和the delayed start of the game（被推迟的比赛开始）可知，当时的现场应该是“混乱的”，C项符合。句意：尽管下着雨，但是混乱的观众耐心地等待着被推迟的比赛开始。因此，该题选择C项。14. 单选题One sign that she is making progress in art courses such as painting or photography is_ she begins to realize how much there is to learn.问题1选项A.thatB.whenC.whileD.as【答案】A【解析】考查表语从句。根据句子结构可知，is是句子的系动词，所以跟在系动词后面的是表语从句，that可以引导表语从句。B项when表示时间，放在空格处不符合语境；C项和D项不能引导表语从句。句意：她在绘画或摄影等艺术课程上取得进步的一个标志是，她开始意识到还有很多东西要学。因此，该题选择A项。15. 单选题In the business world, where everything is stored on computers, filing cabinets full of paper records have become _.问题1选项A.obsoleteB.contemporaryC.unprecedentedD.innovative【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项obsolete表示“废弃的，淘汰的，过时的”，B项contemporary表示“发生（属）于同时期的，当代的”，C项unprecedented表示“空前的，无前例的”，D项innovative表示“革新的，创新的，新颖的”。根据关键信息everything is stored on computers（一切都存储在电脑上）可知，filing cabinets full of paper records（装满文件记录的文件柜）应该是“过时的”。句意：在商业世界，所有的东西都存储在电脑上，装满纸质记录的文件柜已经过时了。因此，该题选择A项正确。16. 单选题Proteins are composed of more than twenty amino acids that are liberated during digestion.问题1选项A.congregatedB.multipliedC.freedD.conscripted【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。题干liberated“解放”。A项“聚集，集合”，B项“成倍增加；繁殖”，C项“解放，使自由”，D项“征募；征召”。因此选C。句意：蛋白质由二十多种在消化过程中释放的氨基酸组成。17. 单选题Few people still _ lawyers and politicians merely because of the positions they hold.问题1选项A.venerateB.revereC.acclaimD.accolade【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A项venerate“崇敬，尊敬”，尤指对被认为神圣或重要的人或事物表示尊敬、崇敬；B项revere“敬畏，尊敬”，指对某人或某事物极为尊敬或钦佩；C项acclaim“称赞，为喝彩”，D项accolade为名词，表示“赞扬，表扬”。根据句子可知，空格处需要填入一个谓语动词，D项排除。根据句子意思“很少人仍然律师和政治家，仅仅因为他们所拥有的职位”可知，空格处填入“尊敬”符合，只有B项正确。句意：现在很少有人仅仅因为律师和政客的职位而尊敬他们。因此，该题选择B项。18. 单选题We must yield to the _ evidence which you have presented and free your client.问题1选项A.incontrovertibleB.inconsequentialC.incorrigibleD.inexorable【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项incontrovertible表示“无可争议的，无疑的”，B项inconsequential表示“不重要的，不合理的”，C项incorrigible表示“不可