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Unit11、whereby; 2. Pursuit; 3. Inhibit; 4. Maintain; 5. Patriotic; 6. Transcended; 7.endeavors; 8. Dedication; 9. Prestige; 10.nominate1. Most cities in the country have introduced引进 Clean Air Zones whereby凭此；借以 factories工厂 and households 家庭are only allowed to burn燃烧 smokeless fuel无烟燃料.中国的大多数城市都设立了清洁空气区,工厂和家庭只能使用无烟燃料。2. He knows that the pursuitn. 追求 of social status地位 can consumevt. 消耗 vast amounts of his time and effort努力.他知道追求社会地位会耗费他大量的时间和精力3. The doctors are at a loss because so far到目前为止,迄今为止 no medicine药物 has been found to inhibit the spread传播 of the disease疾病.医生们不知所措,因为到目前为止还没有发现能抑制疾病传播的药物。4. We see many Special education directors导演,主管,董事长 trying to maintain维持the quality质量 of their programs with much less money and much smaller staff职员.我们看到许多特殊教育主管试图用更少的钱和更少的员工来维持他们项目的质量。5. People there are told it is their patriotic爱国的duty责任 to support the national economy经济 by buying their own products.人们被告知,通过购买自己的产品来支持国家经济是他们的爱国义务。6. Darwins thinking both drew upon总结 and transcended超越the conventional传统的 ideas of his time.达尔文的思想既借鉴又超越了他那个时代的传统思想。7. In spite of尽管all your endeavor努力, there may be times when you encounter 遭遇difficulties in the training培训 process.尽管你做了很多努力,但在培训过程中你可能会遇到困难。8. My advice to Mr. Stewart is to think carefully before entering into a career生涯；职业 in medicine, as this is a field领域 which requires需要 a lot of dedication奉献and long working hours.我给Stewart先生的建议是在进入医学领域之前仔细考虑一下,因为这是一个需要大量奉献和长时间工作的领域。9. Most Chinese parents would prefer to choose some professions职业 that are stable稳定 and could bring prestige声望and economic benefits.大多数中国父母更愿意选择一些稳定、能带来声望和经济效益的职业。10. It is legallyadv. 合法地；法律上 possible for an elderly adj. 上了年纪的；过了中年的；稍老的person to nominatevt. 推荐；提名；任命；指定 someone to act for them, should they become incapable没有能力的 of looking after themselves.在法律上,如果一个老人没有能力照顾自己,他就有可能提名一个人来为他们做事。1. removed from; 2. Failed in; 3. in the pursuit of; 4. deviated from; 5. precludes, from; 6. triumph over; 7. work their way into; 8. written off1. When Francis got back after Easter, he was far behind被抛在后面 his classmates and he was removed from被移除the second into the third class at this own desire要求.当弗朗西斯在复活节后回来的时候,他远远落后于他的同学,他被按照自己的意愿从二等升到了三等。2. The president acknowledgedv. 承认；确认 that he had somehow failed in失败his ability to communicate to the American people.总统承认他在与美国人民沟通的能力上有些失败3. Unfortunately, as history has shown, some of the companies n. 公司,企业；伙伴are guilty adj. 有罪的；内疚的of misconduct in thepursuit of为了追求profit利润.不幸的是,正如历史证明的那样,一些公司在追求利润时存在不当行为。4. The ship deviated from偏离the agreed voyage航线 and arrived about 10 days late and in the meantime与此同时 the price of sugar糖 had fallenv. 落下；跌倒 and the merchants商人 lost over $4000.船偏离同意航行并且迟到了10天左右,在此期间糖的价格下降,商人损失了超过4000美元5. Because the transcriptn. 成绩单；抄本,副本；文字记录 is still under seal盖上公章, the lawprecludes them from reading and discussing the evidence证据 in detail.因为这份笔录还盖章,法律禁止他们详细阅读和讨论证据6. In carrying out执行 the plan we are likely to come acrossv. 偶遇；无意中发现difficulties, but we are determined坚决的 to下定决心triumph over 击败them all.在执行计划时,我们很可能遇到困难,但我们决心要战胜它们。7. Without increasing investmentn. 投资；投入 in education, it will be increasingly adv. 越来越多地；渐增地difficult for low-income people to work their way into the middle class中产阶级.如果不加大对教育的投资,低收入人群进入中产阶级的难度将越来越大。8. All the passengers乘客 in the plane that crashed坠毁 in the middle of the Andes Mountains a week ago were written off被认为 as dead死亡.一周前在安德斯山中部坠毁的飞机上的所有乘客都被认定已经死亡。Unit21. intervene; 2. underestimate; 3. recede; ;4. deem; 5. bleak; 6. appraise; 7. paralyzed; 8. symptoms; 9. dismay; 10. brink1. Kids are more likely to intervene干涉,介入 in a situation if they believe their parents expect期望 them to help.如果孩子们相信他们的父母希望他们帮忙,他们更有可能介入。2. The first lesson I learned as a newcomer for the company was never to underestimatevt. 低估；看轻degree of difficulty难度系数 I would face in career advancement.进步,发展作为公司的新人,我学到的第一课就是永远不要低估自己在职业发展中所面临的困难。3. Just as I started to think that I was never going to get well恢复健康, the illness疾病 began to recede.减弱就在我开始认为我永远不会康复的时候,疾病开始消退4. Whatever the decision is, I would like you to know that your department is my first choice and I deem认为it a great honor荣誉 if I could study in your department.无论决定是什么,我希望你知道你的部门是我的首选,如果我能在你的部门学习,我将感到非常荣幸5. During one particularly其中特别bleak荒凉的、暗淡的 moment时刻 in my career, a senior colleague同事 of mine我的 said to me, If you follow your dreams, the money will come. Follow the money, and youll lose your dreams.在我职业生涯中一个特别黯淡的时刻,我的一位高级同事对我说,如果你追逐梦想,钱就会来。跟着钱走,你就会失去梦想6. Unless we can find a way to appraise评价、评估nature and then invest in protecting it, our basic life-support systems are going to collapse坍塌.除非我们能找到一种评估自然并投资保护自然的方法,否则我们的基本生命维持系统将会崩溃。7. The blizzard暴风雪 moved south , turning into转变成 an icy冰冷的 rain that paralyze使瘫痪 the airports for three days.暴风雪向南移动,变成了一场冰冷的雨,使机场瘫痪了三天。8. In this introduction we have diagnosed被诊断为 some of the causes 原因of the illness and, in the following chapters下一章 , we will draw attention to吸引对的注意力 its variousadj. 各种各样的；多方面的 unpleasant symptoms.症状在这篇介绍中,我们已经诊断出了一些致病的原因,在接下来的章节中,我们将注意到它的各种不愉快的症状。9. In those days, divorce离婚under any circumstances在任何情况下；无论如何was socially unacceptable adj. 不能接受的；不受欢迎的and there was great dismay沮丧in the family who went through it经历过这些.在那些日子里,任何情况下的离婚在社会上都是不可接受的,这让经历过这一切的家庭非常沮丧。10. Every time she talked about being rejected拒绝 in her hunt for a job, she seemed on the brink边缘 of tears泪水, and I would quickly switch转换 the conversation交谈 to another topic.每次她说自己在找工作时被拒绝时,她似乎都快哭出来了,我很快就把话题转到另一个话题上。1. pulled to a stop; 2. black out; 3. pop up; 4. stopped short; 5. plowed through; 6. threw himself into; 7. let yourself go; 8. grabbed for1. When the bus pulled to a stop停下 and I got off下车, I was relieved如释重负 because I had finished school and I had the weekend ahead of在,之前 me to enjoy myself.当公共汽车停了下来,我下了车,我如释重负,因为我已经完成了学业,而且我还有一个周末要去享受。2. When my car crashed撞上 into the big tree, I could feel the blood draining from my face and I wondered whether I was about toblack out.中断,昏迷当我的车撞到那棵大树时,我能感觉到脸上的血在流,我不知道自己是不是要昏过去了。3. All kinds of questions concerning涉及 the soaringhousing price房价飙升 begin to pop up 突然出现on cable television and the blogosphere .各种各样的问题关于飞涨的房价开始出现在有线电视和博客圈4. The soldiers rapid快速行军 march wasstopped short打断 by the generals command;将军的指令they were uncertain whether to go back or forward冲锋.士兵们的快速行军被将军的命令打断了。他们不知道是后退还是前进。5. A car crashed into the side of a house after the driver lost control andplowed through费力的通过a hedge .一辆车撞到一所房子的侧面后司机失去控制,费力的通过树篱。6. Charles reappeared, after half an hours absence缺席, andthrew himself into扑向an armchair, where he lay back for some time with his eyes shut.查尔斯离开半个小时后又出现了,他扑到一把扶手椅上,闭着眼睛躺了一会儿。7. No special equipment is needed other than inspiring鼓舞人心, motivating激励的 music that you can dance passionately to andlet yourself go.放松自己没有什么特别的设备是需要的,除了鼓舞人心的音乐,你可以激情地跳舞,放松自己。8. As her door began to open , shegrabbed for抓住the telephone, and then dropped放下 the receiver听筒 as Luke walked in.当她的门再次打开时,她抓起,然后在卢克走进去的时候把听筒放下。Unit31. integral; 2. cherish; 3. afflicted ; 4. noteworthy; 5. portray; 6. compliment; 7. domain; 8. anonymous; 9. conscientious; 10. perpetual1. As a number of authors point out指出,指明, the urge n. 强烈的欲望to migrate移民 is aintegral部分part of human nature.正如许多作者指出的那样,移民的冲动是人性不可分割的一部分2. Children should be allowed tocherish珍爱 those few years of innocence天真 before they real world have to learn the truth about the real world.应该让孩子们珍惜这几年的纯真,然后他们才能真正了解现实世界的真相。3. He has beenafflicted 折磨by a horrible可怕的 disease, from Which one of his best friends died two weeks ago.他患有一种可怕的疾病,两周前他最好的一个朋友死于这种疾病。4. The results of the survey are noteworthyadj. 值得注意的；显著的 and useful despite尽管 being from a small sample.这项调查的结果是值得注意的和有用的,尽管是从一个小样本5. The director said that they neededa young actress女演员 who couldportray扮演 someone who was both unbalanced and confident at the same time.导演说他们需要一个年轻的女演员来扮演一个既不平衡又自信的人。6. Praise表扬,称赞 must be used wisely明智地 tocompliment称赞students who perform vt. 执行；up to expectations期望 and to encourage students to perform tomaximum level.表扬必须被明智地用来赞扬那些表现达到期望的学生,并鼓励学生发挥到最高水平。7. In thedomain 领域of research, it is anaccepted公认 fact that scientific publications出版物 have to be written or translated into English to get published出版, acknowledged, and cited引用.在研究领域,一个公认的事实是,科学出版物必须被书写或翻译成英语才能出版、承认和引用。8. He received aanonymous匿名的callthreatening恐吓 to disclose公开 details 细节of his affair私事 if he didnt pay the money.他收到了一个匿名威胁披露他的细节如果他不支付这笔钱。9. The movie presents Lincoln as a strong-willed, conscientious尽责的man who led the US through a moral, constitutional宪法的 and political政治的 crisis危机.这部电影把林肯描绘成一个意志坚强、尽职尽责的人,带领美国度过了一场道德、宪法和政治危机10. It is understandable that the health and welfare福利 of their family is a perpetual永久的concern for this young couple.可以理解,他们家庭的健康和福利是这对年轻夫妇永远关心的问题1. embark on 2. be deprived of; 3. turn down; 4. taken captive; 5.live on;6. share in; 7. was stricken by; 8. led by example1. Clearly, most of the students there are full time workers全职工 who would not otherwise 另外的have sustained 维持been able toembark on 从事sustained further study.显然,那里的大多数学生都是全职工作者,否则他们无法继续进行持续的深造。2. The court法院 ruled that this man be deprived of被剥夺 his political rights for a further four years after he has served服役 his 13-year sentence判决.法院裁定,在这名男子被判13年徒刑后,他的政治权利将被剥夺4年。3. I would love to have kids. I would turn down 拒绝an Oscar to see my boy at a baseball game or my girl at a song recital演唱.我喜欢孩子。我会拒绝奥斯卡奖去看我的儿子在棒球比赛或我的女孩在歌曲独奏会上。4. Richard was finally released释放 on February 4, one year and six weeks after hed beentaken captive关押理查德最终在2月4日被释放,一年零六个星期后他被俘虏5. She hoped Vincent would understand that her life had not been emptyadj. 空的；无意义的；无知的；徒劳的, because her love would live on继续存在.她希望文森特能理解她的生活并不是空虚的,因为她的爱会继续存在。6. All people, whether they be rich or poor, strong or weak, privilegedadj. 享有特权的；有特别恩典的 or deprivedadj. 缺少食物的；缺乏足够教育的, are interdependentadj. 相互依赖的；互助的, and share in分担 the common task of seeking to追求 achieve获得 mankinds人类的 full potential潜能.所有人,不论贫富、强弱、贫富、贫富,都是相互依存的,都有实现人类全部潜力的共同任务。7. In September 1944 he was able to能够 return to his academic学术的 duties, but soon after the war ended hewas stricken by受灾,患病a serious严重的 illness and did relatively little research thereafter .1944年9月,他得以重返学术领域,但战争结束后不久,他患上了重病,此后几乎没有做过什么研究。8. She retired from从.退休 the company where she has led by example以身作则 and been a source源泉,水源 of encouragementto others.她从她所领导的公司退休了,并成为了鼓励他人的源泉。Unti41pulsory ; 2. contemplate ; 3. imprisoned; 4. globalize ; 5. offset6. groan ; 7. stubborn ; 8.cluster ; 9.ambiguity ; 10.consoled1. Although secondary中等的 education iscompulsory必修的, parents are not required to send their children to state schools公立学校.虽然中等教育是强制性的,但是父母不需要把孩子送到公立学校。2. The economic经济的 situation has been worsening恶化,causing economists经济学着 tocontemplate 沉思,注视whetherthe present当前的 policies are sustainable.经济形势一直在恶化,这让经济学家们开始思考当前的政策是否具有可持续性。3. He was found guilty被认定为有罪 and wasimprisoned囚禁 in the Tower of London, where he died very quickly, aged only 47.他被判有罪并被囚禁在伦敦塔,在那里他很快死去,年仅47岁。4. It is obvious that the future of the Internetis toglobalizevt. 使全球化more and more areasof the world, and that e-commerce and e-entertainment are going to go for more and more markets.很明显,互联网的未来是使世界上越来越多的地区全球化,电子商务和电子娱乐将走向越来越多的市场。5. However, your current现在的 losses should soon beoffsetvt. 抵消；弥补 by gains; the fund基金 will produce a positive return of 11.6 percent over a nine month period.n. 周期,期间；时期但是,你目前的损失很快就会被收益所抵消;该基金将在九个月内产生11.6%的正回报。6. Because she was so tall and slim, all the clothes looked marvelous adj. 了不起的；非凡的；令人惊异的；不平常的on her and the other girls would groantheir envy.因为她长得又高又瘦,所有的衣服在她身上都很好看,其他的女孩子都会羡慕她。7. This can be a helpful approach方法途径 in discussion- someone may regard看待 you asstubbornsince you never want to change your mind, whereas you see yourself as determined.这可能是一种有益的讨论方式有人可能认为你很固执,因为你从来不想改变自己的想法,而你却认为自己是坚定的。8. On weekends, the school parking lot is almost empty空的 exceptprep. 除之外 that a fewclustervt. 使聚集 cars near the entrance入口.周末的时候,学校的停车场几乎空无一人,只有几辆车停在门口附近。9. In the photographers finestadj. 好的,出色的fine的最高级 pictures there is also a degree程度 ofambiguityn. 含糊；不明确；暧昧；模棱两可的话which allowsthem to be interpreted v. 理解；解释in a variety of ways.在摄影师最出色的作品中,也存在一定程度的模糊性,这使得它们可以以多种方式进行解释。10. Tim stretched out伸出 a hand in apology for his thoughtless remarks言辞 and wasconsoled安慰 by a firm坚定的 handshake握手 from Mark.蒂姆伸出一只手,为自己轻率的言论道歉,马克坚定的握手安慰了他。1、Settle for; 2.more often than not; 3.mingled with; 4.traded for; 5.was saturated with; 6.are open to; 7. Endowedwith; 8. make up for1、 Virginiawas aperfectionist完美主义者. She was just not prepared准备 to settle for无奈接受；勉强同意 anything that was second best.维吉尼亚是一个完美主义者。她只是不准备接受任何次等的东西。2、 He could be quiteadv. 很；相当；完全 casual随意的 in his attitude to his wifes anxietyn. 焦虑；渴望, and more often than not通常；多半 failed to let her know when he would be back from a business trip出差.对于妻子的焦虑,他的态度可以相当随意,而且常常会让她知道他什么时候出差回来。3、 Youll kill yourself with those things, Arty said in a tone语气 in which disappointment 失望的wasmingled with混合 disgust厌恶.你会用这些东西自杀的,亚蒂说,语气中夹杂着失望和厌恶。4、 Thanks to modern transportation, agricultural农业的 products in these remote遥远的 mountainous多山的 regions地区 can also betraded for交易goods.由于现代交通,这些偏远山区的农产品也可以用来交换商品5、 As the marketwas saturated with被所饱和a widevariety of goods, the economy 经济became more balanced and the competition竞争 forced the prices down.当市场被各种各样的商品饱和时,经济变得更加平衡,竞争迫使价格下降。6、 Going with the flow doesnt mean that we dont know where were going; it means thatweare open to 是开放的multiple多重的 ways ofgetting there.随波逐流并不意味着我们不知道我们要去哪里;这意味着我们对实现目标的多种途径持开放态度7、 The athlete had beenendowedwith被赋予long legs and a persistentadj. 固执的,坚持的；持久稳固的 temperament 性格so he was very successful.这位运动员天生腿长,性情坚韧,所以他很成功。8、 The wrongly accused man被告人 asked for extracompensation赔偿 tomake up for补偿 the stress he had suffered during the case.被冤枉的人要求额外的赔偿以弥补他在案件中所承受的压力。Unit51. gauged; 2. dedicate; 3. commonplace; 4. suffice; 5. revenue; 6.simultaneous; 7.incentive; 8.prone; 9. innovations; 10.fostered1. The general considered all the information that had been gathered 集中andgauged v. 测量；判定；校准what possible moves the enemy敌人 might make before issuing 发布his orders.将军考虑了收集到的所有信息,并在发布命令之前估计了敌人可能采取的行动。2. The new president said she woulddedicatevt. 致力；献身；题献herself to protecting the rights权利 of the old and the homeless, who are otherwise helpless and vulnerable.adj. 易受攻击的,易受的攻击；易受伤害的；有弱点的新总统说,她将致力于保护老年人和无家可归者的权利,这些人本来就是无助和脆弱的。3. Cell phone conversations会话, which are fairly相当地 commonplace常见的on commuter trains, can be annoying to fellow commuters.手机通话在通勤列车上相当常见,但对其他通勤者来说可能很烦人。4. Ask your doctor whether a low-fat diet饮食 and a daily walk willsuffice足够 to reduce your high blood pressure.问问你的医生,低脂饮食和每天散步是否足以降低你的高血压。5. Therevenuen. 税收收入；财政收入；收益from tourismn. 旅游业；游览 is the biggest single contribution to GDP in the Maldives;every year many tourists游客 from all corners角落 of the world spend their holidays there.旅游业收入是马尔代夫GDP的最大贡献;每年都有许多来自世界各地的游客在那里度假。6. Since the beginning of this century, China has built many modern conference会议 centers with underground地下的 parking, air-conditioning and simultaneous adj. 同时的；联立的；同时发生的translation systems.自本世纪初以来,中国建立了许多现代化的会议中心,包括地下停车场、空调和同声传译系统。7. While advertising offers a stimulus to buy, sales promotion提升 offers aincentive动机to buy, but consumers must have their own reason to buy.而广告提供了一个刺激购买,促销提供了购买的动机,但消费者购买必须有他们自己的理由。8. In general, smokers living in cities are slightly moreproneadj. 俯卧的；有倾向的,易于的to lung cancer than smokers who are living in the country.一般来说,住在城市的吸烟者比住在乡下的吸烟者更容易得肺癌9. A large proportion比例 of importantinnovations创新,改革 are broughtv. 带来bring的过去分词 about by people who step outside of conventional传统的 categories类别 or traditional assumptions假定.很大一部分重要的创新是由超越传统范畴或传统假设的人带来的。10. The habit of going to coffee houses wasfostered培养by the citys relatively small size, safe streets, good public transportation, and moderate温和的 climate气候.这个城市相对较小的面积、安全的街道、良好的公共交通和温和的气候,养成了去咖啡馆的习惯。1. correlate with; 2. refrain from; 3. count down; 4. slaving away; 5.coincided with ; 6.contended with; 7. be designated 8. conformed to 1. The results of this experiment do not correlate with找出一一对应的关系；使与发生关系those of the studies that the team of scientists had conducted previously以前地.这个实验的结果与之前科学家团队所做的研究并不相关。2. It was a moment of overwhelmingadj. 压倒性的；势不可挡的 excitement 兴奋when Steve was given the first prize; Tiffany couldntrefrain from克制 hugging and kissing him.那是一个激动人心的时刻,史蒂夫获得了一等奖;蒂凡尼忍不住拥抱和亲吻他。3. As we count down倒数to tonights presidential debate, its time to go over回顾 the political agendas议程 which the candidates候选人 are trying to promote推进.当我们倒数到今晚的辩论时,是时候回顾一下两位候选人试图推动的政治议程了。4. she spent the next 10 years taking in washing, slaving away埋头苦干to pay back偿还 the money they had borrowed from the bank.在接下来的10年里,她负责洗衣服,努力偿还从银行借的钱。5. Indeed, it seems that the upward shift向上偏移 in the rate of economic growth in the mid-1990s coincided with与此同时a sudden突然的, substantial大量的, and rapid急速的 decline下降 in the prices of computers.的确,上世纪90年代中期经济增长率的上升似乎与计算机价格的突然、大幅和快速下降相吻合。6. As Crawford contended with heartbreak in his private life, his career soared急增到 to greater heights than he could have ever dreamed of.当克劳福德在他的私人生活中伤心欲绝时,他的职业生涯达到了他做梦也想不到的高度。7. I am assuming假的 that you have adequateadj. 充足的；适当的；胜任的 health insurance保险, but someone shouldbe designated指定successor继承者 to take your financialadj. 金融的；财政的,财务的 and domestic affairs 家事if you become unable to cope with应付 them yourself.我假设你有足够的健康保险,但如果你自己无法处理你的财务和家庭事务,就应该有人指定接替你。8. Formal consent for this new type of treatment was obtainedv. 获得 from each patient and the studyconformed to 符合our institutions制度的 guidelines指导方针 concerning关于 medical ethics正式同意这种新型的治疗获得每个病人和研究符合我们的机构的指导方针有关医学伦理学Unit61. evacuated; 2. stray; 3. diluted; 4. gigantic; 5. standpoint; 6. nutrition; 7. inflicted; 8. pervasive; 9. naive; 10. permeated1. Much of the city was evacuated疏散before the storm but thousands remained, many of whom were trapped by the water for days.在暴风雨来临之前,这座城市的大部分地区都已被疏散,但仍有数千人留在那里,其中许多人被困在水中达数天之久。2. Located in the heart of the city, the Dogs Home is open seven days a week, .36 S days a year to receive stray迷路的dogs.位于市中心的狗之家每周开放七天,每年有36天接待流浪狗。3. With the development of modern industries, a lot of traditional values that developed from a farm-based economy have been enormously diluted稀释.随着现代工业的发展,许多从农业经济发展而来的传统价值被极大地稀释。4. There are gigantic changes in environmental conditions from freezing cold to extremely hot, and from dry to very humid.环境条件有巨大的变化,从寒冷到极热,从干燥到非常潮湿。5. From a practical standpoint, how can you reduce production costs and at the same time minimize the risks involved?从实际的角度来看,如何在降低生产成本的同时减少所涉及的风险?6. Child mortality decreased due to improvements in medical care and greater attention to problems related to proper nutritionn. 营养,营养学；营养品.由于医疗保健的改善和更多地注意与适当营养有关的问题,儿童死亡率有所下降。7. The disaster is already set to be the worlds worst for ground casualties inflicted by a crashing aircraft.这场灾难已经成为世界上最严重的地面伤亡事故。8. With Spring Festival drawing nearer, people are glowing with happiness, and are full of hope; this excitement is pervasiveadj. 普遍的；到处渗透的；流行的before New Years Eve.随着春节的临近,人们洋溢着幸福,充满了希望;这种兴奋在除夕夜之前是很普遍的。9. Dont be too naive! If the manager of the car dealership intended to give you the job, he would have called you by now.不要太天真了!如果汽车经销店的经理想给你这份工作,他现在就会给你打了。10. To a large ex
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