新视野大学英语sectionB

会计学1新视野大学英语新视野大学英语sectionB Warming-up Reading skills Text study Comparative study Unit projectSection BSection B Warming-upVideo Watching1. How did Bill Gates comment on his college experience at Harvard?2. Do you think going to college is worth it or not? What are the advantages of going to college? According to Bill Gates, studying at Harvard was a phenomenal experience: Academic life was fascinating, and he used to sit in on lots of classes he hadnt signed up for; Dorm life was terrific. Bill Gates described the experience as exhilarating, intimidating, sometimes even discouraging, but always challenging. It was an amazing privilege and though he left early, he was transformed by his years at Harvard, the friendships he made, and the ideas he worked on.1. How did Bill Gates comment on his college experience at Harvard?2. Do you think going to college is worth it or not? What are the advantages of going to college?2. Career Advancement: a college degree may give you an edge over other job applicants or, at least, keep you competitive with them.3. Career Direction: College provides students the opportunity to explore new fields and concepts. The benefits of going to college may include:1. Fulfilling Requirements: though a college education is by no means a prerequisite to success, it has been considered a great asset and may open doors otherwise closed to non-college graduates. 4. Networking Opportunities: You meet a lot of people in college and will always share something in common with others who graduated from your school.5. Maturity: A college degree will expose you to a variety of new information, to people with different backgrounds than you, and to new experiences. This undoubtedly will broaden your horizons and, with the right attitude, can help you mature into a thoughtful, curious, and disciplined individual.2. Do you think going to college is worth it or not? What are the advantages of going to college?1. What are community colleges in the USA?2. What do you know about the higher education in the USA? In the United States, community colleges usually refer to two-year colleges, which are sometimes called as junior colleges, technical colleges, or city colleges. Some students choose to attend a community college for two years prior to further study at another college or university. Community colleges typically offer two-year associates degrees, although some community colleges offer a limited number of bachelors degrees. After graduating from a community college, some students transfer to a four-year college or university for two to three years to complete a bachelors degree. Community colleges are generally publicly funded and offer career certifications and part-time programs.1. What are community colleges in the USA? College in the United States includes a variety of institutions of higher education. Public universities, private universities, liberal arts colleges, and community colleges all have a significant role in higher education in the United States. Strong research and funding have helped elevate U.S. colleges and universities among the worlds most prestigious, making them particularly attractive to international students, professors and researchers in the pursuit of academic excellence. 2. What do you know about the higher education in the USA? Reading skillsSection B When we are reading a paragraph, we should first try to identify the main idea of the paragraph and then try to separate the major detail from the secondary or less important details. There are two ways to help us locate the major details: Reading for major detailsSkills of reading for major detailsLearn to read for the main idea. If we are active readers and keen enough to identify the main idea of a paragraph, the major detail to support that main idea will stand out. Understand that facts, evidence and details in a paragraph are not equally important. Only look for those that further support and closely relate to the main idea.Reading for major details In addition, we can identify the minor or less important details of a paragraph; the minor details usually answer some of the questions concerning the major detail.Reading for major detailsReading for major detailsRead the following paragraphs from Text B. Then find the main idea and major detail of each paragraph. 1.The reality is that college has never been magical for everyone. Now that close to half our high school graduates are attending college, those who dont fit the pattern are becoming more numerous. Excess college graduates are selling shoes and driving taxis. (Para. 2)Main idea: _Major detail: _ _College has never been magical for everyone.More high school graduates dont fit the pattern of college.Reading for major detailsReading for major details 2. Some adventuresome educators and campus watchers have openly begun to suggest that we revise our attitudes and reform the system. College may not be the best, the proper or even realistic place for every young person after the completion of high school. Critics suggest we may have been looking at all those surveys and statistics upside down through the rosy glow of our own remembered college experiences. (Para. 3)Main idea: _ _College may not be the best place for every young person.Major detail: _ _We only judge things based on our own college experiences.Reading for major details 3. Lets acknowledge the facts. The New York Times reports close to 80 percent of new jobs can be performed by someone without a college degree. The US Department of Education estimates that only 62 percent of those enrolled in four-year institutions had earned a bachelors degree six years later! This dilemma means that 38 percent have likely wasted time and accumulated debt!To be continuedReading for major detailsIn addition, in the US, the cost of college has risen tenfold over the last 30 years, a ratio that is three times as much as general inflation over the same time period. It is clear, from an objective point of view, that many more students should be attending technical schools or two-year colleges to prepare for the jobs that will actually be available to them. (Para. 5)Main idea: _ _Many more students should attend technical schools or two-year colleges.Major detail: _ _College education seems to have wasted time and accumulated debt. Text studySection B1. Why has there been a general consensus that all high school graduates ought to go to college? (Para.1) 2. What does the author mean by saying “college has never been magical for everyone?” (Paras.2-3) 3. Why do many students still choose to go to college? (Para. 4) 4. What are college graduates likely confronted with? (Para.8) 5. What suggestions does the author provide to high school graduates? (Para.10) Major details in a paragraph are facts, evidence and details that further support and closely relate to the main idea.1. Why has there been a general consensus that all high school graduates ought to go to college? (Para.1) Tips: will help them than those who dont go. Get a job/earn more money/become “better” people/be more responsible citizenscollege may not be the best/ the proper or even realistic place/magical / dont fit the pattern / the rosy glow of our own remembered college experiences2. What does the author mean by saying “college has never been magical for everyone?” (Paras.2-3) 原句：原句：Critics suggest we may have been looking at all those surveys and statistics upside down through the rosy glow of our own remembered college experiences. (Para.3, L3-4)解释解释: : The real situation is not all the students can benefit from college, or college is never meant for everyone. College only fits those who really want to study. For some others, it may be a waste of their time and money. Our own college experiences may affect our viewpoints about the surveys and statistics. Sentence interpretation原句：原句：Critics suggest we may have been looking at all those surveys and statistics upside down through the rosy glow of our own remembered college experiences. (Para.3, L3-4)）译文：译文：批评家暗示，我们可能是凭借自己记忆中那段大学经历的玫瑰色光环，把所有的调查和统计都看颠倒了。Sentence interpretation原句：原句：Critics suggest we may have been looking at all those surveys and statistics upside down through the rosy glow of our own remembered college experiences. (Para.3, L3-4)In English, the word “rosy” is used when describing something likely to be successful or happy such as “rosy future”. However, sometimes the word implies that it seems better than it really is.Sentence interpretationpressure from parents and teachers / an alternative to a far worse fate / quiver at thought of the army or a dead-end job/ anything is better than staying at home / dont want to work “solely for the money” 3. Why do many students still choose to go to college? (Para. 4) 原句原句：They quiver at the thought of the army or a dead-end job, and almost anything is better than staying at home. (Para.4, L3-4)解释解释: They tremble whenever they think about joining the army or doing an unpromising job, and they also feel there is nothing worse than staying at home with nothing to do.译文：译文：他们想到参军或做没前途的工作就不寒而栗，又觉得做任何事都比呆在家强。工资低且无晋升机会的工作Sentence interpretation4. What are college graduates likely confronted with? (Para.8) have to adjust / jobs that do not need a university degree / a hard time to find jobs / having a university degree may be a barrierto evaluate the college equation / calculate as a consumer product / if the value proposal is worth the investment5. What suggestions does the author provide to high school graduates? (Para.10) 原句原句：In brief, our high school graduates need to evaluate the college equation more closely and critically, calculate it as a consumer product, and decide if the value proposal is worth the very large investment each student and family must make. 解释解释: A “value proposal/proposition” is a part of business strategy. It is based on a review and analysis of the benefits, costs and value that an organization can deliver to its customers. Here, it is the overall value or benefits offered by college, compared against the large investment needed to go to college.Sentence interpretation原句原句：In brief, our high school graduates need to evaluate the college equation more closely and critically, calculate it as a consumer product, and decide if the value proposal is worth the very large investment each student and family must make.解释解释: 简言之，高中毕业生需要更仔细审慎地评估上大学的综合因素，要把上大学作为一个消费产品来核算，然后决定上大学这个价值主张是不是值得每个学生及家庭进行大手笔投资。Sentence interpretationThere has been a general _ that all high school graduates ought to go to college because college will help them become “better” people than those who dont go. However, given _ attending a university and the _ job market, should we not re-examine the case for college? The reality is that college has never been _ for everyone.consensus the huge cost ofshrinkingmagicalTo be continuedText summaryMany students go to college because of pressure from parents and teachers and stay there because it seems to be an _ to a far worse fate, but in the current _ it has become evident that there never are enough promising jobs. It means that 38 percent have likely wasted time and accumulated debt! It is clear that many more students should be attending _ or two-year colleges to prepare for the jobs that will actually be available to them. alternative slowdowntechnical schoolsTo be continuedText summaryIn brief, high school graduates need to _the college equation more closely and critically, _ it as a consumer product, and decide if the value proposal is worth the very large _ each student and family must make.calculate evaluateinvestmentText summary1. now that既然；由于2. compel sb. to do sth.强迫某人做某事3. at the thought of想起；想到4. be stacked against情况对不利5. be available to可获得；可利用6. expose sb. to sth.使某人接触某事（物）7. for its own sake只是为了本身Practical phrases既然；由于既然；由于(mention/ explain it further) Now that you mentioned it, I have to explain it further. now that短语逆译短语应用既然你提起了这件事，我得给你再解释解释。意群提示Practical phrases强迫某人做某事强迫某人做某事compel sb. to do sth. 短语逆译(resign/ scandal /credibility/ reputation) She was compelled to resign because the scandal had damaged her credibility and reputation.短语应用她的信用和信誉因丑闻受损，被迫辞职。意群提示Practical phrases想起；想到想起；想到(cheer up) He cheered up at the thought of seeing her again. at the thought of短语逆译短语应用一想起又可以见到她, 他便兴奋起来。意群提示Practical phrases情况对情况对 不利不利(be expected much/ the odds ) They are expected much, but the odds are heavily stacked against Chinese players in the World Cup.be stacked against短语逆译短语应用人们对中国队期望很高，但世界杯上的形势对他们非常不利。意群提示Practical phrases可获得可获得/ /利用利用(in sufficient quantities/ satisfy demand)Cheap goods are available to the local people, but not in sufficient quantities to satisfy demand.be available to短语逆译短语应用当地居民可以买到一些廉价商品，但是数量不足以满足需求。意群提示Practical phrases使某人接触某事（物）使某人接触某事（物）(learn from the textbooks)Besides learning from the textbooks, college students need to expose themselves to various social activities.expose sb. to sth. 短语逆译短语应用除了学习课本知识，大学生们还需要体验各种社会活动。意群提示Practical phrases为了为了 本身本身(lose sight of ) We shouldnt lose sight of the fact that education is important for its own sake. for its own sake短语逆译短语应用我们不应忽略的事实是教育本身是很重要的。意群提示Practical phrases1. There has been/is a consensus that sb. should /ought to do用于表达“理应做是大家的普遍共识。”2. There is little/no doubt that用于表达“毋庸置疑/毫无疑问”。3. Sb. needs to evaluate, calculate it as, and decide.用于表达“评估，核算，做出决定”的过程。Functional patterns句型提炼句型提炼普遍的共识是所有的高中毕业生都应该上大学，因为大学会帮他们找到工作，挣更多钱，成为“更好的”人，并学会如何做一个比那些不上大学的人更负责的公民。原句译文原句译文逆译练习逆译练习There has been a general consensus that all high school graduates ought to go to college because college will help them get a job, earn more money, become “better” people, and learn to be more responsible citizens than those who dont go. (Para.1, L2-4)Functional patternsThere has been/is a consensus that sb. should /ought to do句型提炼句型提炼应用提示应用提示用于表达“理应做某事是大家的普遍共识” 。句型应用句型应用Functional patterns(take part-time jobs / expose sb. to / be independent) There has been a general consensus that college students should take part-time jobs in vacations, because these jobs can expose them to society and help them to be economically independent.典型例句普遍的共识是大学生应该在假期里去打工，因为打工可以使他们接触社会，帮助他们在经济上获得独立。意群提示Functional patterns毫无疑问，上大学能让年轻人接触新思想，建立新关系，且有助于提高他们的批判性思维能力。原句译文原句译文逆译练习逆译练习There is little doubt that attending college has the potential of exposing young people to new ideas and relationships and helps promote their critical thinking skills. (Para.7, L1-2)句型提炼句型提炼Functional patternsThere is little/no doubt that句型提炼句型提炼应用提示应用提示用于表示“毋庸置疑”。句型应用句型应用Functional patterns(give insight into) There is little/no doubt that English learning helps to improve students abilities to communicate with others and gives them deeper insights into other cultures.典型例句毫无疑问，学习外语有助于提高学生的交际能力, 加深学生对其他文化的了解。意群提示Functional patterns简言之，高中毕业生需要更仔细审慎地评估上大学的综合因素，要把上大学作为一个消费产品来核算，然后决定上大学这个价值主张是不是值得每个学生及家庭来大手笔投资。原句译文原句译文逆译练习逆译练习In brief, our high school graduates need to evaluate the college equation more closely and critically, calculate it as a consumer product, and decide if the value proposal is worth the very large investment each student and family must make. (Para. 10, L1-3)句型提炼句型提炼Functional patternsSb. needs to evaluate, calculate it as, and decide.句型提炼句型提炼应用提示应用提示用于表示“评估，核算，做出决定”的过程。句型应用句型应用Functional patterns(give insight into) College students need to evaluate the campus life equation more seriously and objectively, calculate it as an investment to the future, and decide how to spend their four years of college life.典型例句大学生需要更加认真客观地全面评估大学生活的方方面面，要把在校学习看作是对未来的一种投资，然后决定自己应该如何度过四年的大学生活。意群提示Functional patterns 1. 普遍共识 2.日益萎缩的就业市场 3. 玫瑰色光环 4. 更糟糕的命运 5. 没有前途的工作 6. 让年轻人接触新思想 7. 终生学习的第一步 8. 知识渊博 9. 消费产品a general consensus the shrinking job marketthe rosy glowa far worse fatea dead-end jobexpose young people to new ideasthe first step of lifelong learningbreadth of knowledgeconsumer productGenuine collocations a. They quiver at the thought of the army or a dead-end job, and almost anything is better than staying at home. 他们想到参军或做没前途的工作就不寒而栗，又觉得做任何事都比呆在家强。Language appreciation b. Nevertheless, many college graduates report that what they learned on campus was better described as personal rather than academic development. 然而，很多大学毕业生反映，他们在校园所学的东西，与其被称为学术发展，不如说是个人的发展。Language appreciation c. College is an outstanding place for that rare breed, those young adults who love learning for its own sake, who would literally rather read than bother to eat, and who like nothing better than writing research papers. 大学对那些凤毛麟角、为学习而学习的年轻人来说是一个重要的地方。真的，他们甚至宁可读书，也不愿费心去吃东西，他们最喜欢做的莫过于撰写科研论文。Language appreciation1. Why do parents compel their children to go to good colleges?2. How do you think about students money invested in college education?3. What are the most significant things students should learn from college?Further discussion1. Why do parents compel their children to go to good colleges? Traditional ideology. More promising future. High expectations of their children.Further discussion2. How do you think about students money invested in college education? Worth their money because its an investment that will pay off later. A waste of their money because the tuition is too high. Not sure if theyll profit from the large sum they invested.Further discussion3. What are the most significant things students should learn from college? Analytical ability. Critical thinking skills. Broad knowledge.Further discussionWatch a video clip and discuss:Compared with the US educational system, what characteristics do the Chinese schools have?Further discussionFurther discussionCompared with the US educational system, what characteristics do the Chinese schools have? Chinese schools are teacher-centric and Chinese teachers are often seen above the students. Chinese educators should focus on helping students to cooperate and interact, narrowing the space between the teachers and students. Chinese schools focus on the exams. Many Chinese students are obsessed or even paralyzed by the exams and the requirement to go to good universities. Further discussion Comparative studySection B2. Do you agree to the authors ideas? How do you benefit from your college education?1. Comparison between the authors ideas in Text A and Text B.1. Comparison between the authors ideas in Text A and Text B.Text AText A emphasizes the significance of studying the humanities.Text BText B questions the necessity of a college education. The author advocates that by taking courses in the humanities, students are likely to grow into good people.The author opposes getting a college education only for a future career, an extreme thinking driven by the economic downturn. 2. Do you agree to the authors ideas? Why is college still worth the investment of students money? Personally, I benefit a lot from my college education: be exposed to new ideas and knowledge; participate in a variety of activities; form indissoluble relationships; Based on your study of the two texts, compare the writing styles of the two texts in terms of their t y p i c a l l a n g u a g e features.1. What are the typical language features of the two texts?2. List more examples from the text to support your ideas.Though the stands of the two readings are different, both arguments are supported by many specific facts, evidence, statistics and examples.1. What are the typical language features of the two texts?The tone of both readings is serious and persuasive, using the development method of argumentation. 2. List more examples from the text to support your ideas.Text A Arguments supported by statistics and examples:Perhaps the best argument in favor of the humanities is the scope of possibilities that are widely open to us. Did you know that James Cameron, world-famous director of the movie, Titanic, graduated with a degree in the humanities? So did Sally Ride, the first woman in space. (Para.8)2. List more examples from the text to support your ideas.Text B Arguments supported by statistics and examples :The New York Times rep