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路漫漫其修远兮路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索吾将上下而求索走向高考走向高考 英语英语外研版外研版 高考总复习高考总复习写作素能培养写作素能培养第三部分第三部分第五讲运用高级词汇与句式，第五讲运用高级词汇与句式，打造作文亮点打造作文亮点第三部分第三部分 写作时，“高级词汇与高级句式”如能运用贴切自然，哪怕整篇文章只用上一两处，也会为你的作文增添色彩，赢得阅卷老师的青睐。 一、使用高级词汇 高级词汇主要是指考试大纲中没有列入的，但在实际运用中使用较频繁的词汇。大纲中较常用语汇通过构词形成的词汇也属于高级词汇。是否使用高级词汇，可以基本判断该考生所掌握的词汇量。 1挖掘纲外词汇 有些单词在英语考试大纲中确实未曾出现，但在阅读时经常碰到。如：annoyed, currently等。 He was annoyed that she had forgotten his birthday.(annoyed比angry高级) China is currently in the primary stage of socialism.(currently比now高级) 2挖掘可替代词汇 使用词组、习语来代替简单枯燥的词汇。如：用make full use of代替use, catch sight of代替see, look forward to代替hope等。 We had better make full use of something inexpensive. (make full use of比use高级) Finally he caught sight of the young mans light overcoat in the distance.(catch sight of比see生动) Im looking forward to your visit next week.(look forward to比hope高级) 3挖掘“味感”词汇 有的单词很常见，且“洋味”十足，表达地道，非常有“味感”，这类词也被视为高级词汇。如share, view, drive等。 We all share one and the same planet.(share比live in更有“味感”) We can view the problem in many ways.(view比look at更有内涵) The noise next to the door drove me mad.(用drive而不用make) 6The teacher directed the gifted students towards the more difficult courses._ 答案：1.possess2.endless3.put up with4.turned a deaf ear to5.promote6.challenging 二、使用高级句式，让句子靓起来 1恰当使用被动语态 We will have selected about thirty volunteers to the Mars throughout the world by 2015. About thirty volunteers will have been selected to the Mars throughout the world by 2015. Im delighted to know that the Shanghai Museum will organize a famous art exhibition and you are collecting opinions of the public as to select the location for the exhibition，which encouraged me to write to express my ideas. Im delighted to know that a famous art exhibition will be organized by the Shanghai Museum and opinions of the public are being collected as to select the location for the exhibition，which encouraged me to write to express my ideas. 2使用强调句 As a saying goes，the little thing matters most. As a saying goes，it is the little thing that matters most. Our parents have devoted their unconditional love to us，which indeed deserves our appreciation and reward. Its our parents who have devoted their unconditional love to us，which indeed deserves our appreciation and reward. 3使用倒装句 The children can grow up mentally and physically healthy only in this way. Only in this way can the children grow up mentally and physically healthy. I didnt realize words could be powerful in both positive and negative ways until then. Not until then did I realize words could be powerful in both positive and negative ways. 4使用省略句 If it is so，I hope you will have a wonderful time. If so，I hope you will have a wonderful time. Although they were faced with many problems，they didnt lose heart. Although faced with many problems，they didnt lose heart. 5使用感叹句 It is a very splendid moment. How splendid a moment it is! I am very worried about his condition. How worried I am about his condition. 6使用with复合结构 His mother is paving the ways for him while his father is holding his jacket behind him，and we can see sweat on his face. His mother is paving the ways for him while his father is holding his jacket behind him，with sweat on his face. As the society develops rapidly，its necessary for us to have a good knowledge of English and computer. With the society developing rapidly，its necessary for us to have a good knowledge of English and computer. 7使用虚拟语气 It is high time for both children and parents to take action to make small changes. It is high time that both children and parents took action to make small changes. I missed being hit by the car with your help. Without your help，I would have been hit by the car. 3We dont know its value until we lose health.(倒装句) _ 4If it isnt well organized，the meeting will be a failure.(省略句) _ 5We had a very good time with the peasants that day.(感叹句) _ 6Because there was too much noise，I couldnt go on studying.(with复合结构) _ 答案：1.Above all，something must be done to stop pollution. 2It was when I entered senior high school that I realized the importance of English. 3Not until we lose health do we know its value. 4If not well organized，the meeting will be a failure. 5What a good time we had with the peasants that day! 6With the noise going on，I couldnt go on studying. 三、如何写好there be句型 1There be句型的基本意义：某地有某物 There is an increase of about 10 percent，compared with last year. 与去年相比较，大约增加了百分之十。 名师点拨由于受汉语影响，有些同学在使用这个句型时常常把be误用成have的某种形式。 下午将有一场演讲。 There is going to have a lecture this afternoon.() There is going to be a lecture this afternoon.() 2Where there be.there be.“哪里有哪里就有” As the detailed analyses above have shown us，where there is life，there is hope. 正如上面详尽的论述所示，活着就有希望。 3There be名词分词短语 There are three factors contributing to this attitude as follows. 有三个因素促成了下面的观点。 名师点拨在这一句型中，有些同学常常把分词误用成动词原形。 有些学生支持这个主意。 There are some students support the idea.() There are some students supporting the idea.() Some students support the idea.() 4There beno doubt/no denying/no need/no sense/no use.that.“毫无疑问/不可否认/没有必要/没有意义/没有用” There is no sense in waiting here without knowing when he will come back. 在这里傻等却不知道他什么时候回来，一点意义都没有。 5There be的非谓语形式 there being.(动词ing形式)；there to be.(不定式形式) There being no bus，we had to walk home. 由于没有公交车，我们不得不步行回家。 答案：1.There is no denying that the quality of our environment has gone from bad to worse. 2We expect there to be a party to celebrate the coming New Year. 四、如何使用其他的一些高级表达形式让文章更精彩 1用such总结全文 Such is our lively city，which you are welcome to visit whenever at your convenience. 这就是我们这座充满活力的城市，只要您方便，随时欢迎来参观。 2使用cannot.too much表示强调 We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much. 我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。 3使用比喻等修辞方法 As is known to us all，vocabulary is an important part of language，just like bricks in a building. 大家都知道，词汇是语言学习的重要组成部分，就像一座大楼的基石。 4使用not.but.句型 Some people dont like their jobs not because theyre lazy but because their jobs are small. 一些人不喜欢他们的工作不是因为他们懒，而是因为他们的工作太渺小了。 5使用否定句 The law is the law.Nobody has any excuse to break it. 法律就是法律。任何人没有任何借口违反法律。 6使用双重否定 Despite many obvious advantages of bicycle，it is not without its problem. 尽管自行车有许多明显的优点，它仍然存在一些问题。 答案：1.No word can express my wholehearted thanks for your timely help. 2It is not a hardship but a pleasure to learn English well. 3We cant emphasize the importance of protecting the environment too much. 3I can not only keep in touch with my friends and family through my cell，but also almost all information can be gathered on the Internet.(倒装) _ 4I didnt take his advice，so I failed in the exam.(虚拟语气) _ 5Because I was ill that day，I didnt take part in the sports meeting.(虚拟语气) _ 6They carried out a survey among 260 students.(被动语态) _ 7They didnt realize the importance of environment protecting until all the fish in the river died out.(倒装句，强调句) _ 答案：1.Only in this way can we successfully build an economized society. 2Hardly had he reached the station when the train left. 3Not only can I keep in touch with my friends and family through my cell，but also almost all information can be gathered on the Internet. 4If I had taken his advice，I wouldnt have failed in the exam. 5I was ill that day，otherwise I would have taken part in the sports meeting. 6A survey was carried out among 260 students. 7Not until all the fish in the river died out did they realize the importance of environment protecting. It was not until all the fish in the river died out that they realized the importance of environment protecting. 参考范文 As is known to all，the world population is growing day by day.So enough fresh water is needed to feed such a large population.Whats more，with industry developing rapidly，poisonous gases and waters are produced，consequently resulting in the pollution of water.Though fresh，a good amount of water can no longer be used.Only then did we realize the importance of fresh water.So its high time that we human beings took action to protect water resource.Stop polluting water，otherwise we wouldnt be living in the world.What a terrible scene we would be faced with! Only with fresh water can the world be prosperous.
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