中考英语词性转换解题技巧及易错点讲解

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上中考英语词性转换解题技巧及易错点讲解1、 考点分析 词性转换题是中考的必考题型。词性转换要求学生根据具体的句子，用所给单词的正确形式填空。主要考查考生对词汇的掌握程度以及对一些常用的词缀的使用。词形转换是指同一词根派生出的名词、形容词、副词、动词以及反义词等词形的相互转换。2、 专题详解词性转换解题技巧强化解题策略： 仔细阅读题干，正确理解上下文。 判断空白处应填哪种词性。 根据所给词进行转化，使之变为相应的词。 仔细检查，确定答案。 解题依据必定是从句子成分上来分析所填词的词性。例如：名词多作主语或宾语，形容词多作定语或表语，动词作谓语等。 解题技巧1. 形容词修饰名词；2. 副词修饰形容词；3. 名词修饰名词 4. 前面是不定代词（some（something，somebody，someone），any（anything，anybody，anyone）， no（nothing，nobody，no one）， every（everything，everybody，everyone，），all，each，both，much，many，（a）little，（a）few，other（s），another，none，one，either， neither等）所填词多为名词；5. 前面是助动词（be, have, has,do, does,shall, did,will, should, would），所填词多为动词； 掌握词性转换的基本知识和词性变化规则，尤其是常见的后缀变化。根据所判断的词类，联想所填词可能出现的形式或可能搭配的后缀。词性转换分类汇总I形容词副词1、加lyquiet安静的 quick 快速的 slow慢的 beautiful美丽的 bright明亮的 careful仔细的 certain一定clear清楚 loud大声 sad难过的 wide广泛 serious严重的 usual通常 final最后 safe安全 real真的 recent最近的 main主要的 accurate精确的2、去y加ilyeasy容易的 heavy大量 angry生气的 hungry饥饿的 happy 快乐的 lucky幸运的3、le结尾的，去e变y possible可能 gentle轻柔的4、不变hard难的；努力地，猛烈地 fast 快early早 late 晚enough足够 straight笔直 II. 动词名词1、 加er、or、ress加erfarm 耕种农民 drive 驾驶驾驶员 司机teach 教老师 work 工作工人 write 写作家 report 报道记者 win 赢(winner)获胜者 own 拥有owner拥有者 paint画、粉刷-画家 manage 经营经理 record 记录录音机加or act-actor 男演员 visitvisitor观光者 invent-inventor 发明家 calculatecalculator计算器加ress waitwaitress女服务员 actactress女演员2、 加ion结尾addaddition 增加 collectcollection 收集 discussdiscussion讨论 decidedecision决定 inventinvention发明物 inviteinvitation 邀请 operateoperation手术 pollutepollution 污染 reviewrevision 复习 solvesolution解答 organizeorganization组织 locatelocation地点suggestsuggestion建议 protect-prote ction 保护3、 加ing beginbeginning开始 buildbuilding大楼 saysaying 谚语 paintpainting 绘画meetmeeting 会议4、 其他serveservice 服务 speakspeech 演讲、言语 fishfisherman 渔夫 enterentrance 入口knowknowledge 知识 weighweight 重量 pleasepleasure 愉快 developdevelopment 发展 choosechoice选择 tourtourist 游客diedeath 死亡 succeedsuccess 成功 flyflight 飞行、航班 memorizememory 记忆mixmixture 混合物 cookcook 厨师 savesafety 安全 actactivity 活动 ableability 能力III. 名词名词art艺术artist画家 sciencescientist 科学家citycitizen市民 customcustomer 顾客 officeofficer 官员 engineengineer工程师 friendfriendship 友谊 businessbusinessman男商人 businessbusinesswoman女商人 librarylibrarian 图书管理员 law法律lawyer律师IV. 名词形容词1、 名词后加fulcarecareful 小心的 useuseful 有用的 helphelpful有帮助的 thankthankful 感激的wonderwonderful精彩的 powerpowerful 强大的 harmharmful 有害的2、名词后加ycloudcloudy 多云的 rainrainy 下雨的 windwindy 有风的 snowsnowy 下雪的 sunsunny 晴朗的 noisenoisy 吵闹的 healthhealthy 健康的 funfunny 滑稽的 lucklucky 幸运的3、名词后加ly friendfriendly 友好的 lovelovely 可爱的 livelively 活泼的4、形容词以al 结尾nationnational 国家的 education-educational 教育的 naturenatural 自然的 traditiontraditional 传统的 medicinemedical 医药的 physicsphysical 物理的chemistrychemical 化学的 historyhistorical 历史的5、名词末尾的ce变成t difference(s)different 不同 importanceimportant 重要的6、名词后加en woodwooden木制的 goldgolden金色的 (woolwoolen 羊毛的)7、名词以ness结尾 kindness仁慈kind仁慈的 illness病 疾病- ill有病的 不健康的8、形容词后加y difficultdifficulty 困难 honesthonesty诚实9、形容词后加dom freefreedom 自由 wisewisdom 聪明10、其他dangerdangerous 危险的officeofficial 官方的、正式的fool傻瓜foolish 愚蠢的westwestern 西方的height高度 high高的 length长度long 长的favour恩惠favourite 最喜欢的 foreigner外国人foreign 外国的 home家homeless 无家可归的 expense费用expensive 昂贵的 truth真相true 真实的wound创伤wounded 受伤的pleasurepleasant 另人愉快的/ pleased 满意的 response相应 反映- responsible 负责的 有责任的 electricity电electric电的 electrical 与电有关的electronic 电子的V. 动词形容词 interest引起兴趣interesting 有趣的/ interested 感兴趣的 exciteexciting 令人激动的/ excited激动的 freezefreezing 寒冷的/ frozen 冷冻的 frightenfrightening 令人害怕的/ frightened害怕的forgetforgetful健忘的 / unforgettable 难忘的 dependindependent 独立的 有主见的likelikely很有可能发生的 有希望的 realize意识到real 真的 breakbroken 碎的 followfollowing 下面的 fillfull 满的、饱的 enjoyenjoyable使人愉快的 changechangeable 多变的 actactive 积极的 attractattractive 吸引人的 diedead 死的 widen拓宽wide 宽的 livealive活的VI. 前缀 possibleimpossible (polite, patient)可能不可能 tellretell说复述 buildrebuild 建造重建healthyunhealthy健康的不健康的 honestdishonest诚实不诚实的 appeardisappear出现消失 likedislike 喜欢不喜欢malefemale 男性女性VII. 国名国籍AustraliaAustralian AmericaAmerican CanadaCanadian BritainBritish EnglandEnglish ItalyItalianFrance French GermanyGerman (德国人复数Germans)强化练习从句子成分角度完成下列习题：1. Thanksgiving is a _ festival in the USA and Canada. (tradition)2. There were only a few _ from the air-crash. (survive)3. After careful _, the committee decided to recommend Mr. Smith for the post. (consider)4. Do you agree that it is important to make yourself _? (understand)5. Ive lived in Chongqing for several years and Im now used to _hot food. (eat)6. He has to check the _ of a difficult word before he uses it. (spell)7. The businessman lost a _ chance to make a big fortune. (gold)8. Im the least of all the doctors here. (experience)9. In some parts of this city, missing a bus means _ for another hour. (wait)10. Her early _ gave everyone a big surprise. （arrive）11. The little girl gave an _ wonderful performance last night. （extreme）12. The more challenging the journey is, the _ the young people will feel. （happy）13. There has not been a favorable _ to your plan so far. （respond）14. After they got on the bus, they found two _. (sit)15. What we have had is just part of the truth. We should try to get _ information about it. (far)16. Now more and more gardens are being built in our _. (neighbour)17. _ speaking, the computer has become an important part of our life. (general)18. It will _ rain this afternoon, for the sky is so dark now. (impossible)19. Many people in China are not familiar with _ customs. (west)20.The room is so dirty that a lot of _ can be seen running here and there. (mouse)21. Its rude to look _ at a person. (straight)22. There is no short-cut to _. ( succeed )23. The reporter went to the sea with several _ to look for the lost boat. (fish)24. There are many places of _ interest in Shanghai. (history)25. Mr. Marko is one of the _ of that factory. (engine)26. Its ten _ walk from here. You neednt take a bus. (minute)27. Jacky told us an _ story that everybody laughed happily. (amusement)28. Thanks for _ me. Ill do my best. (choice)29. Its much _ to swim with your friend than to swim alone. (safe)30. It was snowing _ outside. (hard)31. How many _ lessons do you have every week? (physical)32. They were well _ at a friends house. (service)33. The sun gives us light and _. (hot)34. We saw her running _ the street just now. (cross)35. Ill do my homework more _ next time. (care)36. In _ to hard work, we need some good ways to succeed. (add)37. In the past punishment（惩罚）was decided by the university. The student had no _ but to accept it. (choose)38. A _ sight stopped them from going forward. (frighten)39. The visitors are _ students. (main)40. Of all the boys, Li Ming studies _. (hard)41. These modern machines work _. (automatic)42. Actions speak _ than words. (loud)43. I _ where he comes from. (wonderful)44. We tried all sorts of _, but they were all useless. (medical)45. Carl looks much _ than before. (health)46. The little boy can run a marathon in _ than three hours. (little)47. The lost calculator has been returned to its _. (own)48. Even _, he lost his job. (bad)49. Life today is becoming harder and busier, so everyone should have his own way of _. (relax)50. I am fond of _ fiction. (scientist)51. Could you tell me whether it is a _ change or a physical change? ( chemistry ) 52. The students are not allowed to touch the _ without permission. ( chemistry )53. Do you know who the telephone was_ by? (invention)54. We went to a beautiful lake and spent an _ day. (forget)55. What _ weather we are having now! (freeze)56. He tried to make more money to work out a solution to travelling _ (expensive)57. She_herfacewithherhands.(discover)58. Our house_ an area of 200 square metres. (discover)59. The great_ always teaches me how to _ the _ (paint)60. He is one of the most famous _ in the university. (professional)答案：1-5 traditional；survivors；consideration；understood；eating6-10 spelling；golden；experienced；waiting；arrival； 11-15 extremely；happier；response；seats；further 16-20 neighborhood；Generally；possibly；western；mice21-25 straight；success；fishermen；historical；engineers；26-30 minutes；amusing；choosing；safer；hard31-35 physics；served；heat；across；carefully36-40 addition；choice；frightening；mainly；hardest41-45 automatically；louder；wonder；medicine；healthier 46-50 less；owner；worse；relaxation；science51-55 chemical；invented；unforgettable；freezing 55-60 expense；covered；covers；painter- paint-painting ；professor专心-专注-专业