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Module 1Deep South南部深处Module 1Deep South南部深处南部深处1_(v.)使平衡使平衡2_(v.)促进，增进促进，增进3_(v.)使陷入困境使陷入困境4_(v.)阻止；打消阻止；打消的念头的念头基础盘点自测自评基础盘点自测自评balancepromotetrapdiscourage 5_(v.)居住 6inspiration (n.)_ 7battery (n.)_ 8emergency (n.)_ 9dormitory (n.)_inhabit电池电池紧急情况紧急情况;突发事件突发事件宿舍；寝室宿舍；寝室鼓舞鼓舞;灵感灵感;启示启示 10depressing (adj.)_ 11severe (adj.)_ 12commercial (adj.)_ 13extreme (adj.)_令人沮丧的令人沮丧的;令人抑郁的令人抑郁的商业的商业的极端的极端的,极度的极度的艰难的艰难的,艰巨的艰巨的 14_ plays an important part in overcoming difficulties，so teachers should try to _ students rather than _ them whenever theyre in trouble.(discourage)Courageencouragediscourage 15They thought his behaviour was _ though they believed it was _ to feel nervous before an exam.(abnormal)abnormalnormal 1_如果；假使 2_ 特别，尤其 3_ 信守诺言 4_ 进入，到达in case ofin particularkeep ones promiseset foot on 5_ 进入视野；看得见 6_ 劝某人不要做某事 7_ 冒险 8_ (使)适应come into sightdiscourage sb.from doing sth.take a riskadapt to 9_ 平均 10_ 引人注目；突出 11_ 分裂；分解 12_ 想出；提议on averagestand outbreak upcome up with 1v.-ing结构作状语 _ _ (南极洲覆盖了南极圈周围约1,400万平方公里的面积)，it is the fifth largest continent in the world.Covering about 14 million square kilometres around the South Pole 2v.-ing短语作结果状语 A high mountain range，the Trans-Antarctic range,runs from east to west，_(把南极大陆一分为二)cutting the continent in two 3Not until位于句首时，句子要采用倒装结构。 Not until the late 18th century _(英国探险家詹姆斯库克才穿越了南极圈)，but he never saw land.did the British explorer James Cook cross the Antarctic Circle 4Ittakesb.some timeto do sth. _ (沙克尔顿花了17天的时间到达) South Georgia.It took Shackleton 17 days to reach 5discourage sb.from doing sth. We _ (劝你不要吸烟) except in specific areas.discourage you from smoking 复习主语和动词 1Of particular interest to visitors _ the large number of bookstores that sell books in different languages. Ahave been Bare Cwere Dis 解析：选D。主语是the large number of，所以谓语用单数。 2How close parents are to their children _ a strong influence on the character of the children. Ahave Bhas Chaving Dto have 解析：选B。本题中how引导的从句作主语，为单数，所以答案是B项has。句意：孩子与父母的接近程度会对孩子的性格有很大影响。 3Although he has taken a lot of medicine，his health _ poor. Aproves Bremains Cmaintains Dcontinues 解析:选B。remain此处作系动词用,后接形容词poor作表语,意为“仍然很 差”。 4Wow！Youve got so many clothes. But _ of them are in fashion now. Aall Bboth Cneither Dnone 解析：选D。由but可知此处应为否定含义，排除A、B；由so many可知clothes应是多于两件，故排除C。 5When and where to go for the on-salary holiday _ yet. Aare not decided Bhave not been decided Cis not being decided Dhas not been decided 解析：选D。根据副词yet可确定应用现在完成时。when and where to do sth.表示单数概念，要用has not been decided。1 balancev.(使使)平衡；平衡；(使使)平稳；权平稳；权衡，比较衡，比较 n平衡，均衡；天平平衡，均衡；天平(教材教材P3)But more than two thousand years ago Greek geographers believed that there was a large land mass in the考点串讲讲练互动考点串讲讲练互动south which balanced the land in the north.但是但是2000多年以前，希腊的地理学家多年以前，希腊的地理学家认为地球南边有一块陆地与北边的陆认为地球南边有一块陆地与北边的陆地保持平衡。地保持平衡。 归纳拓展 助记 (2011高考重庆卷)Because it was used to keep a balance.因为它被用来保持平衡。 (2011高考江苏卷).its difficult enough to balance such a large turbine so high on a floating spar in the middle of the ocean. 在大洋中央一个这么高的漂浮的圆桶上平衡一个这么大的涡轮机是非常困难的。 If humans continue to destroy the forest，they will break the balance of nature. 如果人类继续破坏森林，他们将打破生态平衡。 2 promotevt.促进；增进；晋升，使升级；促销；推销 (教材P3)In particular，it aims to keep Antarctica free from nuclear tests and radioactive waste；to promote international scientific projects；and to end arguments about who owns the land.该条约尤其致力于保护南极洲不受核试验以及放射性废物的污染，推进国际科研项目，并且终止那些关于这片土地所有权的争论。 归纳拓展 (2011高考浙江卷).customers receiving good service will promote business by telling up to 12 other people. 受到良好服务的顾客通过告诉多达十二个人来促进服务业 (2010高考辽宁卷)By the time I was 12，my grandmother thought I had done such a good job that she promoted me to selling cosmetics(化妆品) 等我到了12岁时，我的外祖母认为我的工作干得很出色，因此提拔我去卖化妆品。 The government is committed to promote the development and use of public transport. 政府致力于倡导公共交通的发展和使用。 3 discouragev.阻止,制止;使泄气，使灰心，打消的念头 (教材P11)We discourage you from smoking except in specific areas.除了在特定区域，我们劝你不要吸烟。 归纳拓展 助记 The government of Beijing will take measures to discourage the use of cars in the centre of city. 北京市政府将采取措施在市中心限制使用汽车。 This belief is dangerous too，because it fuels a sense of hopelessness and discourages them from making efforts to build a safer world. 这种想法也很危险，因为它使这种无助感更强烈并且使他们失去努力建设一个更安全的世界的信心。 (牛津P568)Learners can feel very discouraged if an exercise is too difficult. 如果练习太难，学习者就可能感到很没信心。 跟踪训练 .品句填词 1A small child has to learn to keep its _(平衡) before it can walk far.balance 2The South Pole isnt _(居住) by anyone up to now. 3Christmas is an _(每年的) festival for most of the people in the world.inhabitedannual 4The _ (最低的）temperature in winter in my hometown is up to 20. 5Medical assistance is available in case of an _(紧急情况)minimumemergency 6It was a _(荣幸) to make his acquaintance. 7The _(缺乏) of color in that drawing makes it dull.privilegeabsence 8As a new teacher，Susan tried to _(促进) good feelings between students and her.promote .单项填空 1An important factor in determining how well you perform in an exam is the _ of your mind. AcaseBcircumstance Cstate Dsituation 解析：选C。句意：决定你在考试中的表现的一个重要因素是你大脑的状态。此处state表示“状态”。其余三项不符合题意。 2The government is trying to _ better understanding between the two countries. Aprovide Bpromote Cclarify Dcancel 解析：选B。句意：政府正努力促进两国之间更好的理解。此处promote表示“促进”。A项表示“提供”；C项表示“澄清”；D项表示“取消”。 3In the _ of evidence，the police could not take action against the man. Alack Babsence Cshortage Dfailure 解析：选B。考查名词辨析。in the absence of表示“缺乏”的意思。句意为“由于缺乏证据，警察无法对这个人采取行动。” 4(2012泰安模拟)When the family moved to Canada，the children _ very quickly to the new environments. Aappealed Battached Cadapted Dadmitted 解析:选C。句意：当这家人迁到加拿大后，孩子们很快适应了新的环境。appeal“呼吁，吸引”；attach“连接，使附属于”；adapt“适应”；admit “承认”。 5My father is coughing heavily. Youd better _.Its bad for his health. Adiscourage him from smoking Bkeep him smoking Cforce him to stop to smoke Dpersuade him to smoke 解析:选A。答句句意：你最好阻止他抽烟。抽烟对他的身体有害处。keep sb.doing让某人一直做；C项含义是强迫他停下手中的活,去抽烟；persuade sb.to do sth.劝服某人做某事,均不合题意。discourage sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事。 4 stand out显眼，突出，醒目；杰出 (教材P3)Since most Antarctic rocks are dark in colour，they stand out against the white background and are easy to identify and collect. 南极洲的大多数岩石是深色的，它们在白色冰雪的映衬下格外显眼，也就易于识别和搜集。 归纳拓展 stand(doing) sth. 忍受(做)某事 stand by 站在旁边；袖手旁观 stand for 代表；表示 stand up 起立 Her work stands out from the rest as easily the best. 她的工作成绩远比其他人都好。 She stands out in the crowd，for she is two meters in height.她在人群中显得很突出，因为她身高两米。 I think black lettering will stand out best on a yellow sign.我认为黄色标志上用黑色字体最醒目。 (牛津P1962)She couldnt stand being kept waiting. 叫她等着，她会受不了。 5 in case of如果；假使；万一 (教材P11)Medical assistance is available in case of an emergency.如有紧急情况会有医疗援助。 归纳拓展 In case of flood，the dam can protect us. 万一发洪水，大堤可以保护我们。 Write the telephone number down in case you forget. 把电话号码写下来以免忘了。 In no case should you forget your task. 你决不能忘记自己的任务。 6 break up打破;解散;停止;分解;(学校)放假 (教材P7)But when land came into sight,the Endurance became trapped in the ice and began to break up. 但是当陆地出现在眼前时，“耐力”号却陷入冰层并开始解体。 归纳拓展 break down 分解;毁掉;出故障; (身体)垮掉 break into 强行闯入；突然起来 break out 爆发；发生 break through 突围；突破 (牛津P234)The meetings broke up at eleven oclock. 会议在十一点散会。 He broke up the fight between the two gangs. 他制止了两伙人打架。 The boys will break up for the Christmas vacation next week.孩子们下周放圣诞假。 跟踪训练 .选词填空 be trapped in，in particular，set foot on，come up with，take a risk 1It was a good concert.I enjoyed the last song _. 2I _ the burning house.It was the firefighters who rescued me.in particularwas trapped in 3They still havent _ a name for their baby. 4He saved my life _ of losing his e up withtaking a risk 5Nobody has ever _ the lonely island.set foot on .单项填空 1How did _ feel to run 3,000 meters at the sports meeting? Terrible！Especially when I saw I was left so far _ by others. Athat；alone Bit；alone Cthat；behind Dit；behind 解析:选D。第一空用it作形式主语,代替动词不定式;leave behind“落后;被落下”。 2How can I pick out your car in the parking lot? Its easy.The bright colour of my car makes it _. Aturn out Bstick out Cstand out Dget out 解析:选C。答句句意为“很容易。我的车的颜色很鲜艳，非常显眼。”所以在停车场很容易找到。 3Since you want to make up with her，you should be the first to _ the misunderstanding. Aclear up Bbreak up Ctake up Dfollow up 解析:选A。A项表示“整理,收拾;消除，解除(误解等);(天气)放晴”;B项表示“打碎,拆散;分裂，分解；(集会)结束”;C项表示“占(时间、空间)；从事；拿起；继续讲述”；D项表示“跟进，补充，采取后续行动(加强效果)”，根据语境分析，这里指的是“消除误解”，所以选A。 4During the war，soldiers had to keep guns with them all the time _ emergency and danger. Abecause of Bin any case Cin case of Din spite of 解析：选C。in case of emergency and danger表示目的，意为“以防有紧急情况和危险”。 (教材P3)Not until the late 18th century did the British explorer James Cook cross the Antarctic Circle，but he never saw land.直到18世纪末，英国探险家詹姆斯库克才穿越了南极圈，但他却从未发现任何陆地。【点津点津】该句是一个倒装句，其相当该句是一个倒装句，其相当于：于：The British explorer James Cook didnt cross the Antarctic Circle until the late 18th century，but he never saw land.1)not until.did主语主语 直到直到才才.until. 直到直到的时候的时候not.until. 直到直到才才 2)在句型“主句until/till时间状语从句或状语”中，尤其应注意以下几点： (1)主句中动词是非延续性动词,如leave,graduate，break等时，必须用否定形式。 (2)主句中动词是延续性动词，肯定、否定形式都可以，但意义完全不同。肯定句表示动作或状态的结束，否定句表示动作或状态的开始。 Not until midnight did he go to bed. He didnt go to bed until midnight. It wasnt until midnight that he went to bed. 直到半夜(以后)他才上床睡觉。 You are to stay here until/till your mother comes back. 你要呆到你妈妈回来。 It was not until today that it was made publicly. 那件事直到今天才被公布出来。 跟踪训练 .完成句子 1Whoever is _(第一个完成的) will get a prize.the first to finish 2Not until all the fish died in the river _(村民们才意识到污染的严重性)did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was 3A strong earthquake struck the country，_ _(对建筑物造成极大破 坏) causing great damage to buildings 4_(花了我两个小时)to finish the work.It took me two hours .单项填空 1How much do you know about the 3D film technology? A little.Not until _ the hot movie Avatar _ some about it. Adid I see；did I begin to learn BI saw；I began to learn CI saw；did I begin to learn Ddid I see；I began to learn 解析：选C。答句句意为“一点点。直到我上次看到热播电影阿凡达，我才对3D电影有所了解。”not until引导的状语从句位于句首，主句使用倒装语序。 2(2012杭州模拟)You have to wear special clothing，a helmet and a life jacket _ your raft gets turned upside down or sinks. Aso that Bin order that Cnow that Din case 3_ is often the case，we have worked out the production plan. AWhich BWhen CWhat DAs 解析：选D。句意：我们已经制订出了生产计划，这是常有的事情。as is often the case是as引导的定语从句，as代指句中后半部分的内容。 4(2012北京模拟)Zhou Yang didnt want to let anyone overtake her.She wanted to be the first _ that finishing line. Acrossing Bcross Cto cross Din crossing 解析:选C。当名词被序数词修饰时,该名词后通常要用不定式来作定语,故答案为C。
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