各种时态的主动、被动语态结构表

各种时态的主动、被动语态结构表（以动词do为例）时态用法时间状语动词构成例句主动语态被动语态主动语态被动语态一现 在时1）经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的 状态。2）主语的特征、性格、能力、 爰好等。3）表示客观真often, sometimes, always, usually everyday/ ? ?; on Mondays once a week , twice ayeardo/doesam/is/are +doneWe clean the classroom.The classroom is cleaned by us.一般过 去时X示在过去某个时间发生的动作 或存在的状态，也表示过去经常 或反复发生的动作。yesterday; last w eek/ ? ; in 1990 ten minutes ago just nowdidwas/were +doneHe bought me some books.I was bought some books by him. Some books were bought for me by him.现在进 行1）表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进 行或持续的动作now, these days 等或当句 中含有 look, listen之类的暗小词时am/is/are +doingam/is/are + being + doneShe is watering the flowers.The flowers are being made by her.过去进 行X示在过去某一时刻或过去某一 “正在进行的动作this time yesterday, at that time, then, at ten yesterday, from 7:00 to 9:00 last nightwas/were +doingwas/were + being +doneI was planting trees this time yesterday .Trees were being planted by me this time yesterday.一将 来时工市将来要发生的动作或存在的 犬tomorrow; next week in a few days in 2020will/shall + do am/is/are going to + do am/is/are + doingwill/shall be + done am/is/are going to be + done am/is/are being doneWe will discuss this question in class tomorrow.This question will be discussed in class tomorrow.过去将 来时，示从过去某一时间看将要发生 的动作或存在的状态，常用在宾语从句中would/should + dowas/were going to + dowas/were + doingwould/should be + done was/were going to be +done was/were being + doneHe said he would finish the work the next day.He said the work would be finished the next day.现在完 成时1）表示过去发生的动作或事情对 现在的影响和产生的结果.它强 调的是过去的动作同现在的联系。2 ）表示一个从过去开始，一直持 续到现 在,后可,能继续下去的动,yet, ever, never, just, before等2.和for或since引导的时间状语连用have/has + donehave/has been +doneThey have made the boy stop crying already.The boy has been made to stop crying already.过去完 成时1）过去完成时动词表示过去某一 时间或某一动作之前完成的动作 或状态。2）从过去某一时间开始持续到过 去另一时间的动作或状态。1） 与 by then, by 9 o clock , by the end of, by the time ? , before+过去 的时间构成的 短语连用。2）过去兀成时和already, just, ever, yet 等连用。 3） 与 when, before, after, as soonas等引导时间状语的从句连用，强调 动作发生的时间前后had + donehad been +doneThey had told me the news by 9 o clock yesterday.I had been told the news by 9 o clock yesterday.The news had been told to me by 9 o clock yesterday.含有情 态动词can/may/must docan/may/must be doneWe must take good care of the old.The old must be take good care of by us.