字母(组合)发音及音标发音规律

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英语音标发音规律的归纳1 .元音1) i: 发音字母: ee ea e ie ei字母组合ee发/i:/音,如:feed see fourteen thirteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen knee sheep meet three tree green字母组合ea发/i:/音,如:easy sea peach speak clean eat cheap east leave leaf leaves team season tea teacher please字母e发/i:/音,如:people me she he fever email Chinese 字母组合ie发/i:/音,如:piece field字母组合ei发/i:/音,如:receive2) i 发音字母 i y e 字母i发/i/音,如:chip instead winner ill biskuit fix animal visit bit river fifteen still American America finish dirty invent important printing print practise win finger difficult expensive village in into stick fantastic ring capital Australia lift invitation his thirty-six inside miss nothing office sandwich delicious amazing click scissors history ticket building sit picture it is big build 字母y发/i/音,如:easy lovely naughty worry twenty fifty thirty forty sixty seventy eighty ninety dirty bicycle angry only thirsty any anything every everywhere everyone country heavy stuty carry busy history many happy dictionary 字母e发/i/音,如:elephant glasses perfect report because reply delicious return decide before planet 3) 发音字母 a 字母a发/ /音,如:hamburger dragon man taxi Saturday apple grandparent bad had have angry ran practise happy happen matter clap fantastic planet at cspital Canada map language back granddad sandwich carry hand bag and bad black hat can 4) e 发音字母:ea e a字母组合ea发/e/音,如:instead head headache heavy bread pleasure字母e发/e/音,如:get wet careful pet test clever elephant help helpful twenty them then yes yesterday second vegetable Wednesday seven seventeen seventy tell American invent went fell medicine every everyone end when message special west send restaurant sell well men qusetion sell lesson bed desk yes watermelon字母a发/e/音,如:careful air airport any anything parent grandparent many5) : 发音字母:ir ur ear or er字母组合ir发/:/音,如:bird gir thirteen thirty first dirty thirsty sir skirt circle 字母组合ur发/:/音,如:hamburger Thurday hurt return turn nurse字母组合ear发/:/音,如:learn earth heard learnt wear字母组合or发/:/音,如:work worker word world字母组合er发/:/音,如:perfect nervous hers her serve6) 发音字母:er or ou ar o a e u字母组合er发/ /音,如:hamburger winner computer clever driver river tiger write yesterday after paper monster water watermelon finger matter fever concert father mother sister brother worker teacher writer player shoulder another theater speaker farme字母组合or发/ /音,如:doctor字母组合ou发/ /音,如:nervous delicious 字母组合ar发/ /音,如:dollar字母o发/ /音,如:London phone second tomorrow potato history together today字母a发/ /音,如:woman policeman vegetable American away machine banane Canada Australia chocolate amazing elephant China Japen字母e发/ /音,如:quiet grandparent parent different hundred happen silence broken listen字母组合ur发/ /音,如:Saturday surprise 字母i发/ /音,如:beatiful April 7) a: 发音字母:ar a ear字母组合ar发/a:/音,如:hard far card postcard car farm garden 字母a发/a:/音,如:fast last after dancing glasses glass grass laugh banana class plant aunt字母组合ear发/a:/音,如:heart8) 发音字母:u o ou oo字母u发/音,如:jump puzzle but plus fun hundred cup cut duck sun much stuty up lunch bus字母o发/音,如:love lovely worry London Monday won one everyone nothing another come mother dose brother字母组合ou 发/音,如:young country cousin字母组合oo发/音,如:blood flood9) 发音字母:al or au our ar aw oar oor ou a字母组合al发/ /音,如:all also small wall talk tall hall ball call walk always 字母组合or发/ /音,如:fork shorts horse more forty wore bored before for report sport north short airport 字母组合au发/ /音,如:caught字母组合oar发/ /音,如:board roar字母组合ar发/ /音,如:warm law字母组合aw发/ /音,如:saw 字母组合our发/ /音,如:four fourteen yours course 字母组合oor发/ /音,如: door floor字母组合ou发/ /音,如:bought thought 字母a发/ /音,如:water watermelon 10) 发音字母 o a字母o发/ /音,如:chopsticks shop cough from clock tomorrow monster cost concert office borrow chocolate solve of hot lost lot fox fox not 字母a发/ /音,如:wash watch Astralia because sausage11) u: 发音字母:oo o u ou ew ui字母组合oo发/u:/音,如:soon food tooth toothbrush toothache shoose too moon room zoo字母o发/u:/音,如:who whose to into do two 字母u发/u:/音,如:rule flute true blue full字母组合ou发/u:/音,如:group字母组合ew发/u:/音,如:drew 字母组合ui发/u:/音,如:fruit juice12) u 发音字母:oo oul u o字母组合oo发/u/音,如:look took good book foot字母组合oul发/u/音,如:should would could 字母u发/u/音,如:put full pull 字母o发/u/音,如:women wolf 13) ei 发音字母 a ay ea ai ey ei字母a发/ei/音,如:make cake game race take April paper ate skate made came potato space safe amazing name cake late skate ice-skating 字母组合ay发/ei/音,如:way always may maybe say day Monday Tuseday Wedneday Thurday Friday Satuiday Sunday play playground player 字母组合ea发/ei/音,如:break great 字母组合ai发/ei/音,如:wait email rain paint字母组合ey发/ei/音,如:they 字母组合ei发/ei/音,如:eight eighteen eighty 14) ai 发音字母 i y 字母i发/ai/音,如:knife idea like Friday nice quiet wade high tiger writer nine nineteen ninety quite find bike bicycle climb ice-skating ride silence lie China Chinese surprise night time sometime mine fire line kind fine die hi high night 字母y发/ai/音,如:shy try why cry reply my eye fly 15) au 发音字母:ou ow 字母组合ou发/au/音,如:mouse loud round mountain thousand proud south house out 字母组合ow发/au/音,如:now brown flower down how town16) 发音字母 o ow oa ou 字母o发/ /音,如:no cold stone old phone also go over gold only both potato drove broken hope home 字母组合ow发/ /音,如:row kown show 字母组合oa发/ /音,如:boat coat 字母组合ou发/ /音,如:shoulder 17) 发音字母:oy oi字母组合oy发/ /音,如:boy toy joy 字母组合oi发/ /音,如:point voice coin choice18) 发音字母:eer ear ere ea ie字母组合eer发/ /音,如:beer deer 字母组合ear发/ /音,如:dear year hear near ear 字母组合ere发/ /音,如:here字母组合ea发/ /音,如:idea字母组合ie发/ /音,如:fierce19) 发音字母:ear air ere are字母组合ear发/ /音,如:pear bear wear字母组合air发/ /音,如:air airport chair pair repair字母组合ere发/ /音,如:there where 字母组合are发/ /音,如:careful share20) 发音字母:our oor ure字母组合our发/ /音,如:tour tourlist 字母组合oor发/ /音,如:poor字母组合ure发/ /音,如:sure cure2辅音1) p 字母p或者字母组合pp发/p/字母p发/p/音,如:chopsticks people chips jump shop computer pet airport plus phone policeman pear peach parent grandparent april paper print printing cup practise potato perfect cheap upon sheep clap pround surprise special report space planet capital map postcart playground reply point player place hope piece paper pen bus 字母组合pp发/p/音,如:happy happen 2) b 字母b或者字母组合bb发/b/字母b发/b/音,如:hamburger boat biscuit but bit beauiful vegetable bike bicycle bought climb break difficult bored before banana because back both blind borrow broken brown build building busy book big 字母组合bb发/b/音,如:bubble 3) t 字母t或者字母组合tt发/t/字母t发/t/音,如:chopsticks fast instead naughty boat late get wet shorts biscuit computer pet stomach test elephant sport visit taxi airport Saturday but bit quiet quite twenty tiger writer fruit fourteen thirteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen at parent grandparent beautiful yesterday first vegetable last tomorrow take after Tuesday fifty forty thirty sixty seventy eighty ninety tell still dirty invent important print printing went great ate bought ice-skating hurt learnt skate took take monster last practice pue water watermelon cut matter tooth toothbrush toothache potato wait difficult perfect cost shout to too two into concert report stick fantastic meet planet night east west capital postcard restaurant lift time sometimes invitation skirt point team study flute return sent get chocilate thought theater history ticket 字母组合tt发/t/音,如:pretty little kitty4) d 字母d或者字母组合dd发/d/字母d发/d/音,如:hard food idea insead feed head headache day Monday cold loud wide old round hard good grandparent yesterday second find difficult different dancing dirty had gold made said ride medicine duck thousand bored field end pround Canada send postcard granddad playground blind inside bored kind sandwich delicious shoulder hand build building 字母组合dd发/d/音,如:add kiddy5) k 发音字母:k c x ch ck字母k发/k/音,如:fork make cake lake work worker speak milk take ice-skating skate took break look skirt kind broken thank think 字母c发/k/音,如:can biscuit careful clever cold cough clock second America clean bicycle climb cut difficult perfect cost concert clap class fantastic country couzin capital Canada because card postcard chocolate circle 字母x发/k/音,如:fix fox box 字母组合ch发/k/音,如:school 字母组合ck发/k/音,如:chopsticks clock duck stick back 6) g 字母g或者字母组合gg发/g/字母g发/g/音,如:hamburger dragon get game tiger orange good grandparent granddad go gold angry finger glass glasses grass language playground get girl give 字母组合gg发/g/音,如:egg piggy 7) m 字母m或者字母组合mm发/m/字母m发/m/音,如:hamburger make jump game computer mouse animal man woman more from may maybe policeman them milk Monday American important climb mountain made monster came matter machine time sometimes message meet moon map much many my mine team miss mom morning come email zmazing men women room 字母组合mm发/m/音,如:summer mummy 8) n 发音字母:n nn kn gn字母n发/n/音,如:instead naughty dragon can win winner stone animal elephant man woman train nice twenty London no now new round policeman orange forteen fifteen grandparent then fun second find Monday nine ninety hundred soon dancing American clean finish learn invent national important print went mountain only monster ran run won happen watermelon medicine machine any anything silence expensive thousand everyone concert Chinese nervous when fantastic sun pianet banana country Cananda north send restaurant plauground night invitation mine point blind inside line nothing kind parent return sandwich fine sent season broken brown hand another on men wamen 字母组合nn发/n/音,如:sunnny banner字母组合kn发/n/音,如;knee knife 字母组合gn发/n/音,如:gnaw 9) 发音字母:n ng字母n发/ /音,如:angry finger English think thank uncle 字母ng发/ /音,如:young ice-skating anything something ring language nothing zmazing building dancing printing sing morning 10) l 字母l或者字母组合ll发/l/字母l发/l/音,如:people lovely lake careful puzzle clever animal elephant long always loud plus helpful old London clock lot lots poleceman apple floor last April clean learn bicycle climb gold only last watermelon glass glasses class silence difficult wolf look village field laugh lie clap special planet capital Astralia language leave leaves play playground life lift reply laugh blind special line should rule flute player email delicious chocolate shoulder place circle build building click long world lie 字母组合ll发/l/音,如:ill all tell still wall fall fell sell well ball11) r 发音字母:r rr wr字母r发/r/音,如:row Friday race from river fruit orange grandparent granddad tomorrow Apirl American print printing great angly cry ran run ride grass everyone surpise report restaurant reply return break broken brown toothbrush read red 字母组合发/r/音,如:worry carry 字母组合wr发/r/音,如:write writer 12) f 发音字母:f ff gh ph字母f发/f/音,如:knife fork fast food feed far fix from future fruit four fourteen forty fifteen fifty floor find fun first after fall fell finger fever perfect wolf after field before fanfastic safe fire fine five fly life 字母组合ff发/f/音,如:different off difficult 字母组合gh发/f/音,如:laugh 字母组合ph发/f/音,如:elephant phone photo 13) v 字母v或者字母组合vv发/v/ 字母v发/v/音,如:love lovely visit river seven seventeen seventy very vegetable invent fever village everyone nervous leaves heavy invitation drove solve evening over 字母组合vv发/v/音,如:divvy 14) s 发音字母:s ss c ce se字母s发/s/音,如:chopsticks chips instead shorts see saw biscuit stomach stone sea Saturday plus six seven speak say fast second first last soon still also yeaterday ice-skating skate said monster thirsty sir silence expensive cost nervous surprise special stick fantastic space sun east west south Astralia send restaurant sell sometimes inside safe stuty sausage sandwich delicious sent season solve scissors history question sit student caps 字母组合ss发/s/音,如:glass glasses class grass message miss 字母c发/s/音,如:dancing bicycle medicine concert CD exercise city 字母组合ce发/s/音,如:race nice ice-skating silence space office place piece juice字母组合se发/s/音,如:mouse horse practise exercicise course 15) z 发音字母:z se s zz字母z发/z/音,如:amazing zoo zero字母组合se发/z/音,如:use glasses choose Chinese surprise because leaves whose those nose 字母s发/z/音,如:easy visit always Wednesday Thursday thousand cousin sometimes yours hers his season busy scissors bags caps dogs 字母组合zz发/z/音,如:puzzle buzz16) 字母组合th发/ /音, 如:them then another 17) 字母组合th发/ /音,如:thirty thirsty thirteen Thursday tooth toothbrush toothache anything thousand north south both nothing thought theatre this that these those think three thank mouth 18) 发音字母:sh tion s ch c字母组合sh发/音,如:short shop shy finish wash shout show sheep should shoulder toothbrush ship she 字母组合tion发/音,如:invitation national 字母s发/音,如:sure 字母组合ch发/音,如:machine 字母c发/音,如:special delicious 19) 字母组合ur发/ /音,如: pleasure 20) h 发音字母:h wh字母h发/h/音,如:如:hard hamburger head headache horse helpful high hundrend hurt happen heavy hear hand hope history hot home house how 字母组合wh发/h/音,如:who whose 21) w 发音字母:w wh字母w发/w/音,如:wet win winner worry twenty wide work Wednesday wash wall went away won well water watermelon wait wolf west watch we 字母组合wh发/w/音,如:why when what where 22) j 字母y发/j/音,如:young yesterday year you yours yellow 23) t 发音字母:ch tch字母组合ch发/ t/音,如:chopsticks chips peach cheap China Chinese much chocolate lunch teach teacher 字母组合tch发/ t/音,如:watch catch match 24) 发音字母:ge j g ch字母组合ge发/ /音,如:orange vegetable villiage age message language sausage 字母j发/ /音,如:jump joy July June 字母g发/ /音,如:gym 字母组合ch发/ /音,如:sandwich 25) tr 字母组合tr发/tr/音,如:try train tree Astralia country 26) dr 字母组合dr发/dr/音,如:dragon hundred dream drink 27) ts 字母组合ts发/ts/音,如:shorts students boats lots28) dz 字母组合ds发/ds/音,如:goods woods1、 英语音标发音表关于语音的几个概念: 音素: 音的最小单位,英语中有48个音素. 音节: 由元音和辅音构成的发音单位. 元音: 发音响亮,是乐音,口腔中气流不受阻碍,是音节的主要组成部分.英语中有20个元音. 辅音: 发音不响亮,是噪音,口腔中气流受到阻碍,不是音节的重要组成部分,英语中有28个辅音. 开音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音+不发音e kite cake name bike make take home plane shine 2)辅音+元音 he hi go no do be tree three hello 闭音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音 sit bed bad bag hot hop let mad map head 2)元音+辅音 it is of in on up out ant 英语国际音标共48个音素,其中元音音素20个,辅音音素28个。对于初学者来说,若采用集中教学,要学会48个音素的发音并区别开。确实不易。笔者对音标的教学采用了相对集中的方法,即从字母名称教学过渡到部分音标教学。国际音标(英语语音)元音单元音前元音i:ie中元音:后元音u:u:a:双元音合口双元音eiaiiuau集中双元音iu辅音爆破音清辅音ptk浊辅音bdg摩擦音清辅音fsh浊辅音vz破擦音清辅音ttrts浊辅音ddrdz鼻音(浊辅音)mn舌则音(浊辅音)lr半元音(浊辅音)wj英语语音名词解释:1 音节 以元音为主体构成的发音单位,一般说来元音发音响亮,可以构成音节,辅音发音不响亮,不能单独构成音节(m n l例外)。从单词拼写形式上看,有几个元音就有几个音节。 2音节的划分 在重读音节和非重读音节的相邻处有两个辅字组时,一个辅字组属于前面的音节,一个属于后面的音节。例如:let-ter mem-ber chil-dren daugh-ter在重读和非重读音节的相邻处只有一个辅字组时,如果前面重读音节里的元音是长音则辅字组属于后面一个音节,如果重读音节里的元音是短音,则辅字组属于重读音节。例如:长音 pa-per stu-dent fa-ther ze-ro mo-tor far-ther短音 sev-en stud-y moth-er ver-y mod-le weath-er 3重读音节 单词中读音特别响亮的音节。用音标标记双音节、多音节词的读音时,应使用重读符号。单音节词多数是重读音节,标记读音时不需要使用重读符号。 4开音节 绝对开音节:单个元音字母后面没有辅字组的重读音节。例如:no blue ba-by stu-dent se-cret相对开音节:单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母,再加一个不发音字母e构成的重读音节。例如:name these bike home ex cuse五个元音字母在开音节中发长音 ei i: ai u ju: 5闭音节 单个元音字母后面有辅字组(r w y 除外)且以辅字组结尾的重读音节。例如:bag egg fish not cup 五个元音字母在闭音节中发短音 e i 6双音节词重读规则 双音节词的第一个音节通常是重读音节。例如: stu-dent Chi-na sec-ond au-tumn含有a- be- de- re- in- ex- 等前缀的双音节词往往是在第二个音节上重读。双音节词的重读位置不会因增加前缀或后缀而发生改变。例如:a bout be fore ex cuse re pair for get-ful inven-tor 7多音节词重读规则 多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读。例如: el-e-phant con-grat-u la-tion词尾有-ic 或-tion,-sion 的词,在-ic或-sion,-tion前的一个音节上重读。例如:scien tific im pression nation 48个国际音标的发音元音:i: 嘴唇微微张开,舌尖抵下齿,嘴角向两边张开,露出微笑的表情,与字母E的发音相同。i 嘴唇微微张开,舌尖抵下齿,舌前部抬高,嘴形扁平。: 嘴形扁平,上下齿微开,舍身平放,舌中部稍稍抬高。 嘴唇微微张开,舌身放平,舌中部微微抬起,口腔自然放松发声。: 双唇收得小而圆,并向前突出,舌身往后缩。 口腔打开,嘴张大,舌头向后缩,双唇稍收圆。u: 嘴形小而圆,微微外突,舌头尽量后缩。u 嘴唇张开略向前突出,嘴形稍收圆并放松些,舌头后缩。: 口腔打开,嘴张大,舌身放平,舌尖不抵下齿,下巴放低,放松发音。 嘴唇微微张开,伸向两边,舌尖轻触下齿,舌后部稍稍抬起。 嘴张大,嘴角尽量拉向两边,成扁平形,舌尖抵下齿。e 嘴形扁平,舌尖抵下齿,舌前部稍抬起。ei 由e和i两个单音组成,e重读,i轻读,口形由半开到合,字母A就发这个音。ai 由a和i两个单音组成,a重读,i轻读,口形由开到合,与字母I的发音相同。i 由和i两个单音组成,重读,i轻读,口形由圆到扁,由开到合。au 由a和u两个单音组成,a重读,u轻读,口型由大到小。u 由和u两个单音组成,重读,u轻读,口形由半开到小,与字母O的发音相同。i 由i和两个单音组成,i重读,轻读,双唇始终半开。e 由e和两个单音组成,e重读,轻读,舌端抵下齿,双唇半开。u 由u和两个单音组成,u重读,轻读,双唇由收圆到半开。 48个国际音标的发音辅音:p双唇紧闭,然后快速张开,让气流冲出口腔,发出爆破音,但声带不振动。b双唇紧闭,然后快速张开,让气流冲出口腔,发出爆破音,但声带需振动。t舌尖抵上齿龈,憋住气,然后突然弹开舌尖,让气流从口腔喷出,但声带不振动。d舌尖抵上齿龈,憋住气,然后弹开舌尖,让气流从口腔中喷出,但声带需振动。k舌后部抵住软腭,憋住气,然后突然间离开,将气送出来,想咳嗽一样,但声带不震动。舌后部抵住软腭,憋住气,然后突然间离开,将气送出来,但声带需振动。s双唇微微张开,舌头自然放松,气流从上下齿隙间送出,但声带不振动。z双唇微微张开,舌头自然放松,气流从上下齿隙间送出,但声带需振动。双唇收圆并稍微突出,舌尖接近上齿龈,送气,声带不振动。双唇收圆并稍微突出,舌头稍微上卷,舌尖接近上齿龈,送气,但声带需振动。t双唇略微张开突出,舌尖抵住上齿龈,用力吐气,声带不振动。d双唇略微张开突出,舌尖抵住上齿龈,用力吐气,但声带需振动。f上齿轻轻接触下唇,然后吹气,让气流从唇齿间通过,形成摩擦,但声带不振动。v上齿轻轻接触下唇,然后吹气,让气流从唇齿间通过,形成摩擦,但声带需振动。舌尖微微伸出,上下齿轻轻咬住舌尖,送气,但声带不振动。上下齿轻轻咬住舌尖,送气,但声带需振动。ts舌尖先抵住上齿,堵住气流,使气流从舌尖和齿龈间送出,声带不振动。dz舌尖先抵住上齿,堵住气流,使气流从舌尖和齿龈间送出。tr双唇收圆向前突出,舌尖上翘抵住上齿龈,采取伐r的姿势,声带不振动。dr双唇收圆向前突出,舌尖上翘抵住上齿龈,采取伐r的姿势,但声带振动。h嘴唇自然张开,自然呵气,声带不振动。r舌尖向上卷起,舌头不要接触任何部位,双唇稍微突出,声带振动。l舌尖抵住上齿龈,舌尖轻微用力弯曲,气流从舌的旁边送出。鼻音m双唇紧闭,舌头平放,气流从鼻腔送出,声带振动。n双唇微开,舌尖抵上齿龈,气流从鼻孔里出来,声带振动。双唇张开,舌尖抵上齿龈,气流从鼻腔送出,声带振动。辅音w双唇缩小并向前突出,舌后部抬起,嘴慢慢向两边滑开。j嘴形成微笑状,舌尖抵住下齿,舌面贴住上颚,声带需振动。48个英语国际音标发音规则 “英语里一共有48个音素,其中20个是元音,28个是辅音。元音又可分为单元音(12个)和双元音(8个)。先讲解12个单元音,这12个单元音又可以分为:一、前元音i:ie 所谓前元音是指发音时要使用舌前部,也就是说舌前部要向硬腭抬起,舌尖要抵住下齿,口形扁平,不要收圆。四个前元音中发i:的时候舌前部抬得最高,牙床近乎全合。发i的时候舌前部比i:稍低,牙床也开得稍大一些。上下齿之间的距离大约可以容纳一个小指尖。发第三个前元音e的时候舌前部比i又要第一些,牙床也开得更大一些。上下齿之间的距离大约相当于一个食指尖。发第四个前元音的时候舌前部最低,牙床开得最大。上下齿之间的距离大约相当于一个食指加中指。二、后元音u:u:a: 所谓后元音是指发音时要使用舌的后部,也就是说舌后部要向软腭抬起。发后元音时舌尖可以不抵下齿。除了后元音:要用中常唇外,其它四个音都要用圆唇,发音时嘴要拢圆。个别的音如u u:嘴唇还要向前突出。其次,要注意后元音的舌位。五个后元音中:的舌位最低,开口最大。的舌位比:稍高,开口度比:稍小。:的舌位比又要更高一些,开口度比再小一些。u的舌位比:又要高一些,开口度再小一些。u:的舌位最高,开口最小。三、中元音: 所谓中元音是指发音时要使用舌的中部,也就是说舌的中部要稍稍抬起,舌尖可以轻抵下齿,口形扁平或中常。:的舌位最高,的舌位最低,的舌位介乎两者之间,比:稍低,比稍高。上面提到了12个单元音。英语里还有8个双元音。这8个双元音又可分成两类,合口双元音和集中双元音,下面分别讲解。 一、合口双元音eiaiiuau 所谓“合口双元音”是指两个元音中的第二个元音都是一个合口元音i或u。发双元音时要注意从第一个元音向第二个元音滑动。在滑动过程中,口形、舌位都有明显的变化。另外,还要注意双元音的下面几个特点:1、前长后短(前音长后音短)。2、前重后轻(前音发得重,后音发得轻)。3、前音清楚,后音模糊。 二、集中双元音iu 所谓集中双元音是指两个元音中的第二个元音都是中元音。发音时要注意第一个元音向第二个元音滑动时的口形和舌位的变化。比如发i时舌位由前元音i向中元音的滑动。口形由半合的扁唇变为稍高于半开的扁唇。发u时由相当于前元音的舌位向中元音滑动,口形由半开的中常唇变为稍高于半开的扁唇。发u时由后元音u向中元音的滑动,口形由半合的圆唇变为稍高于半开的扁唇。 张冠林教授说:上面简单地讲解了英语里的20个元音。英语里的28个辅音,按照不同的发音方法又可以把它们分为六类。 一、爆破音ptk,bdg 爆破音一共有六个,根据发音时声带是否振动可以分为清辅音和浊辅音两种。清辅音有三个:p,t,k;浊辅音也有三个:b,d,g。这样,六个爆破音就可以归纳为清、浊相对应的三对。第一对是:p,b,第二对是:t,d,第三对时k,g。二、摩擦音fshvz 摩擦音一共有十个。其中八个音又可以分为清、浊音相对应的四对。第一对是唇齿摩擦音f,v。发音时下唇轻触上齿,气流通过时摩擦成音,f是清辅音,v是浊辅音。第二对是舌齿摩擦音,。发音时舌尖要轻触上齿边缘。是清辅音,是浊辅音。第三对是舌端齿龈摩擦音s,z。发音时舌端靠近(上)齿龈,气流通过时摩擦成音。s是清辅音,z是浊辅音。第四对是舌端齿龈后部摩擦辅音,。发音时舌端向齿龈后部靠近,气流通过时摩擦成音。是清辅音,是浊辅音。第九个音是声门摩擦辅音h。第十个音是舌尖齿龈后部摩擦辅音r。发这个音时舌尖要卷起来,靠近齿龈后部。这个音的本音是r。为了发音清楚,拼音方便,后面也可以加上一个元音,念成r。三、破擦音ttrts浊辅音ddrdz 破擦音共有六个:t,d,tr,dr,ts,dz。破擦音由两个成分组成:开头是爆破音,结尾是摩擦音。六个破擦音也可以分成清、浊相对应的三对。第一对是t,d。在t,d中的第一个成分,即爆破音t,d由于受了后面摩擦音?,?的影响,发音时
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