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The Restrictive and Non- Restrictive Attributive Clause惠东高级中学：黄玉娥Can you tell the difference between Restrictive and Non-Restrictive Clause?A. In written formB. In how close the clause is connected with the main sentencee.g. Beijing is a city that Ive always wanted to visit. Beijing, which is the capital of China, has a long history. Mr. Black is the man who rescued me from the river. Mr. Black, who is a doctor, rescued me from the river.C. In Antecedent (先行词先行词)e.g. Mike sold the house which his family had lived in for 30 years. Mike sold the house, which made his father very angry.Mike lived in Lincoln Street, where many important people lived.D. In the Relative Pronouns (关系代词关系代词)She married a man (that / whom /who) she met on the bus.The book, which he lost yesterday, has been found.which 在从句中作宾语在从句中作宾语,但不能省略但不能省略He failed in the exam, that made his mother angry.He failed in the exam, which made his mother angry.关系代词：关系代词：which / who / whom / whose / as 关系副词：关系副词：when / where(非限制性定语从句中不用关系词非限制性定语从句中不用关系词that；非限制性定语从句中关系词；非限制性定语从句中关系词不能省略不能省略)非限制性定语从句中通常使用下列关非限制性定语从句中通常使用下列关系代词和副词。系代词和副词。限制性定语从句与先行词之间限制性定语从句与先行词之间不用不用逗号隔开；逗号隔开；非限制性定语从句与先行词之间一般用逗号非限制性定语从句与先行词之间一般用逗号隔开。隔开。My cousin whose father is a teacher wants to be an actor.My cousin , whose father is a teacher , wants to be an actor. For reference1. A. This is the place where I lived ten years ago. B. She is going to spend the winter holiday in Macao, which returned to China in 1999.2. A. He is a man who I can ask for help. B. His father, who works in Beijing, came back yesterday.小结：小结：限制性定语从句和先行词关限制性定语从句和先行词关系密切，如果去掉从句，剩系密切，如果去掉从句，剩余部分意义不完整；非限制余部分意义不完整；非限制性定语从句只是先行词的附性定语从句只是先行词的附加说明，如果去掉从句，意加说明，如果去掉从句，意义仍然完整。义仍然完整。 1. I have a sister who works in a hospital.我有一位在医院工作的姐姐。我有一位在医院工作的姐姐。（不只一位姐姐）（不只一位姐姐）2. I have a sister, who works in a hospital.我有一位姐姐，她在医院工作。我有一位姐姐，她在医院工作。（只有一位姐姐）（只有一位姐姐）有时同一个限制性从句变为非限制性从句有时同一个限制性从句变为非限制性从句会改变全句的意思。会改变全句的意思。His father, who works in Beijing, came back yesterday.Shanghai, which is in East China, is developing rapidly.当先行词是地名人名、世界上独一无当先行词是地名人名、世界上独一无二的事物或家庭唯一成员时，通常只二的事物或家庭唯一成员时，通常只用非限制性定语从句。用非限制性定语从句。DifferencesComma（逗号）（逗号）The non-restrictive attributive clause can be left out.（非限制性定语从句可被省略）（非限制性定语从句可被省略）We cant use “that” in it.（非限制性定语（非限制性定语从句中不可以用从句中不可以用that)We cant miss the relative words. （非限（非限制性定语从句中关系代词不可以被省略）制性定语从句中关系代词不可以被省略） 把下面的句子改为定语从句把下面的句子改为定语从句 1. Here are the farmers. They discovered the underground city last month. Here are the farmers who discovered the underground city last month.Attributive Clause2. Hangzhou is a famous city in China. Many people come to buy tea in that city. Hangzhou is a famous city in China in which/where many people come to buy tea.3. She got so angry. I dont know the reason. I dont know the reason why she got so angry. 4. The old man saw some Germans taking apart the Amber Room and removing it. You are talking to an old man. The old man (who / whom / that ) you are talking to saw some Germans taking apart the Amber Room and removing it.5. The woman remembered the day. She saw Nazis burying something near her home. The woman remembered the day when she saw Nazis burying something near her home.(1) What surprised me was not what he said but the way _ he said it.(2) Were just trying to reach a point _ both sides will sit down together and talk. (2006 山东）山东）(that / in which)wherePractice(3) _ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.(4) This is the very house _ he lived.(5) Next winter, _ you will spend in Harbin, Im sure, will be another exciting holiday.(6) Thats the reason _ he was late.Aswherewhichwhy1. The reason why he explained at the meeting surprised us.2. I can remember the days when we spent together.why(that)when(that / which)Correct the mistakes3. The way in which you talked about is very important for us.4. Put the book in which you can it easily.in which(which / that)in whichwhere 1. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, _, of course, made the others envy (嫉妒嫉妒) him. A. who B. that C. what D. whichD 2. There were dirty marks on her trousers _ she had wiped her hands. A. where B. which C. when D. that3.The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% _ are sold abroad. A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of thatAA 4. The English play _ my students acted at the New Years party was a great success. A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which5. I have many friends, some _ are businessmen. A. why B. from which C. who of D. of whom CD 6. By nine oclock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, _ appeared a rare rainbow soon. A. of which B. on which C. from which D. above which7. The weather turned out to be very good, _ was more than we could expect. A. whatB. whichC. thatD. itDB8. The road conditions there turned out to be very good, _ was more than we could expect. A. it B. what C. which D. that9. Yesterday she sold her car, _ she bought a month ago. A. whom B. where C. that D. whichCDHomework1. Finish off the workbook exercises. Do the exercises in Using Structures in your exercise book.2. Preview the next part Using language.
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