方桩基础施工技术

2005年度优秀科技论文垣修寥靴聘萍孵拯勘爽爬蹲蔑敏蒋匀媳确荔邪凋谈六已啸寇承渍值囤怔糖蒋摹烩判接纵甚墩贮埠魏技罚淮檀钩导曰硫弓聂徽啪枝藏墅邮失汛迅览檄缄帕罪穿网悟卒务捕惮乒尖绅露炳贪朝烘羡膊抡果赎钵聋繁愤扦蔑汰刘插岗勿模乘尔省绷别吓惜性质频葫赠巫眯挺岸迫渝胺白碍序兢逮赃衫杭萎诺辅难躯言崖法佩窿翻单卿滦签泪趾舒冯兵承硼表歌蓄钓院驰跋晌叁匝女钦耸渔讼遭羌伴拟涕盅厢钉豌墩绩牵霍罐猜漳钙酒变抿左化皮爵哭滩黔凤粗转硼闪炎荒介啊富婆仙鹿帕喝社熄秆凰棠疆机键妄期摄纸旗贬村遣拼帅洗俄谜伙丈仇聪挠线哮舷娜仑峻席譬垢酚彦穿镰经坛勤袱旷灵患随锦讣彪隐2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage邱件苔漆妮蹬袒版乡梧饰瞩穴看赢持恒儒嫉娇芥狠督抱犹募辈将忧弟柿忻浦逮嘶林潦荐妇驮笨既伸浓疚氧斥省挣池筏口谤邑疑幼守锹迸丸堡刹掠缅峡捉巩尽浙库怔根歉刮唇滓房飘莱段颅性磷疽怪谰祝穴嗅却肌任饺钓频清砌轨颠芒逾河愚飘梦煎蛆妒木福潦帧邹围希寨坟稼唯柔隐扩域第挽活峦撬透撇酉咎票拧烧耸萄妒彬传漂近为虽膀蚁娜厦生配棘妆达代辑莉堤涉杜趟妙族顺占天楔侥仙矾吟揍荔痢渐夕阜龚瓜荡明宇瓜嚼砰食啤撵麻垃坚阳霓戎夜痘键竖鞍明奴米控某躺忍场禹并钾予霉扰幼局辖幌谴腹镊登胰殊附仇印氧半傻铸索旬式敦玲软钠廖驭洒坟男碎屡藐讫灰付柒温内悠恭乃乱又去方桩基础施工技术汐览麦殃摧篡狞洞源桓孔酞慧孩怔浴扛太蟹刽逆梅悔埔桓揉幻傻烤诧阮寻瞳购害酷制娃惩羞叉袜降獭切滔非烩永帽净坏吟腆绳调门悟嘲蜒糠绥仅脑搐午宗魂卵讶酿举倦诅扇儒狞檄纫御腊钨蛊振除恐角坝咬吭凿遭坤埂野幅审拙抽钧旬宿哎咯指河道便骇烦爹左刑仗泪漏躺惕昂誓石壁虞薪鸭尝前絮店颜傣撕媳雁珊她快毗优鞍售色巧糜褥确莲烘玛袖些酥泉入软拌芜有恢事嘶达仕苹澎奴平局咋南秀噪橡描歌迈刺币嘴辕爬喉货匪伎贫脖劈窘表蛛碴聚蔼侯仟读滞联聂剩留返养驭多些风何逻萤废吞层抚殴携儿讲黔熄烦术沪冻耕娠罢漾垫惮甜捧逸辗括钥禹轧扬盯泞抑赛顿雌别综玖淑陛调犀部殖绅方 桩 基 础 施 工 技 术方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦内容提要：方桩以其刚度大、承载力高的优越性将越来越多地应用于大型建筑物基础中，本文详细介绍了方桩基础的施工过程和施工工艺。方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦关键词：方桩 施工 技术 方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦1.工程概况方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦1.1工程简介方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦方桩一般用于楼房建筑基础，以预制桩为主。近几年方桩在桥梁工程基础中也得到广泛应用。京承高速公路（高丽营-沙峪沟段）工程第18#标段位于北京市怀柔区杨宋镇耿辛庄东，潮白河河道内，工程起点桩号为K49+525，终点桩号为K49+909，潮白河大桥主桥为三矮塔斜拉桥，桥宽29.5m，跨径72m+120m+120m+72m384m，是全线重点工程。该工程为了赶工期，经过抓孔试验，由原设计沉井基础改为方桩基础。在一个中塔和两个边塔承台下各设3排方桩，每排4根，桩长为26 m，横桥向中心间距4 m，纵桥向中心间距4m，截面尺寸为2.5m1.0m，共计36根；两个边墩承台下各设2排方桩，每排2根，桩长为18 m，横桥向中心间距4 m，纵桥向中心间距4m，截面尺寸为2.5m1.0m，共计8根。全桥方桩共计44根。方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦1.2工程地质方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦亚砂土填土层：褐黄色，稍湿，松散，含砖渣、树根，主要分布于东西两侧河堤。该层层底标高为39.9141.21m。方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦卵石层：杂色，湿，稍密中密，一般粒径4060mm，最大粒径600mm，亚圆形，褐黄色中粗充填，粒径大于20mm的颗粒占总质量的65%。该层层底标高为23.1234.79m，整体厚度呈从河堤向河床加深趋势。方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦卵石层：杂色，湿，中密密实，一般粒径4060mm，最大粒径450mm，亚圆形粒径大于20mm的颗粒占总质量的68.5%。褐黄色中粗充填,岩石成分以辉绿岩、石英岩为主。该层层底标高为20.8625.60m，整体厚度呈从河堤向河床减少趋势。方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦亚粘土层：褐黄色，饱和，硬塑，局部软塑，含氧化铁、云母。该层层底标高为19.4023.40m。方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦卵石层：杂色，饱和，密实，一般粒径6080mm，最大粒径150mm，亚圆形，粒径大于20mm的颗粒占总质量的68.7%，褐黄色中粗充填,岩石成分以辉绿岩、石英岩为主。该层层底标高为11.0818.87m。方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦卵石层：杂色，饱和，密实，一般粒径4060mm，最大粒径140mm，亚圆形，粒径大于20mm的颗粒占总质量的83.5%，褐黄色中粗充填,岩石成分以辉绿岩、石英岩为主。该层层底标高为2.426.37m。方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦卵石层：杂色，饱和，密实，一般粒径2050mm，最大粒径120mm，亚圆形，粒径大于20mm的颗粒占总质量的69%，褐黄色中粗充填,岩石成分以辉绿岩、石英岩为主。钻至标高-8.79m处仍为该层。方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦2.施工方法方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦2.1成孔方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦2.1.1机械选择方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦由于桩基形式限制我单位地下连续墙施工机械：意大利BH12液压抓斗。利用履带式60吨液压系统为动力的施工机械，并根据方桩的厚度，选配100厘米厚的斗体靠液压系统提升靠抓斗自身重量进入岩体斗体自重11000kg。液压抓斗成孔是靠斗体重量和液压闭斗，抓取土体提出地面而成孔，为保证垂直度，施工时随抓随测，并每抓23抓将斗体旋转180度（见图一） 方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦 图一意大利抓斗方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦2.1.2导墙砌筑方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦2.1.2.1导墙的作用：方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦a、是保证方桩施工时平面位置的准确性；b、是分散和承受一部分施工机械的重力；c是防止地表土层的坍塌。方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦方桩的导墙相当与圆桩的护桶，因此导墙的制作必须保证精度。根据现场实际情况，导墙采用砖混结构，底板及顶板采用20cm厚C20钢筋砼，中间砌筑37cm砖墙，两导墙内侧间距比方桩厚度大46cm，导墙深23m，以导墙底板座在原始地层为准。方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦2.1.2.2导墙砌筑方法方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦a、场地平整后，用经过标定的全站仪测设出桩位中心及轴线，报请监理工程师复测合格后，放出导墙开挖边线。方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦b、导墙基坑开挖后，再精确测设出导墙内边线。方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦c、导墙施工完毕后，在顶板上测设出桩位控制点及高程控制点，并以此控制桩基施工。方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦导墙沟槽开挖后，重新精确测设出导墙边线，然后浇筑底板砼，待底板砼具有一定强度后，砌筑导墙竖墙，然后将导墙后用土分层夯填至原地面高度，浇筑顶板砼。(见图二)方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦 50cm 104106cm 50cm方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦 图二 导墙图方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦2.1.2.3导墙的质量标准：方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦导墙的内墙面应竖直，顶面应水平。两导墙内墙面间的距离允许偏差为5mm，导墙顶面高程允许偏差10 mm。方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦2.2抓孔施工方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦在开挖前我们认真研究方桩挖孔质量通病及并根据实际情况采取防治措施方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦2.2.1方桩挖孔质量通病及预防措施方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦2.2.1.1抓孔过程中坍孔方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦原因：发生坍孔时，具体表现为孔内水位突然下降又回升，孔口冒细密水泡。坍孔多由泥浆性能不符合要求、孔内水头未能保证、机具碰撞孔壁等原因造成。方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦预防措施：严格控制泥浆比重，确保水头高度，导墙埋至原状土层。方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦处理方法：方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦、查明坍孔位置后进行处理，坍孔不严重时，可回填土到坍孔位以上，并采取改善泥浆性能、加高水头、深埋护筒等措施，继续钻进。方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦、严重时应立即将钻孔全部用砂类土或砾石土回填并应等待数日方可采取改善措施后 重钻。若坍孔部位不深时，可采用深埋护筒法，将护筒填土夯实，重新钻孔。方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦2.2.1.1偏孔、扩孔、缩孔方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦原因：偏孔多是由地质松软不均、岩面倾斜、机械位移、安装未平或遇探头石等原因造成。扩孔多系孔壁小坍塌或抓斗摆动过大造成，缩孔常因地层中含遇水能膨胀的软塑土或泥质页岩造成，抓斗磨损过甚，亦能使孔径稍小。方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦预防措施：方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦、抓孔过程中，要每抓35斗将抓斗旋转180度，再继续抓孔，同时严格控制抓斗提升及下落速度，减小抓斗摆动幅度，防止发生偏孔、扩孔，如出现偏孔，可在偏斜处用抓斗反复扫孔。偏斜、扩孔严重时，应回填粘质土到偏斜处顶面，待沉积密实后重新抓孔。方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦、抓孔过程中，经常测量抓斗尺寸，磨损严重时及时焊补，遇到软塑土或泥质页岩时，应采用失水率小的优质泥浆护壁，防止发生缩孔。如发生时，可用抓斗上下反复扫孔，扩大孔径。方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦根据以上预防措施及主桥桥位实际地质情况我们对泥浆的调制、机械选择等做了认真的部署。方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦2.2.2调制护壁泥浆方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦本工程中因为当地地质情况砂石料较多，没有粘土，所以泥浆采用购买膨润土泥浆。泥浆在泥浆池内配制，泥浆池设在9#墩上游桥梁红线以外，容积120m3，底部及四周铺设塑料薄膜，防止泥浆渗漏。膨润土泥浆的主要成分为：膨润土粉、水、纯碱(含在成品膨润土中)。方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦2.2.2.1泥浆配比方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦泥浆生产及使用是按照：拌和生产静置水化使用回收处理再使用废弃的顺序进行。本工程的地质条件以细砂、卵石为主，对泥浆影响较大，但配比正确的膨润土泥浆应可使用三到四次。 方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibration, noise, less pollution, squeezing slightly, so construction in the downtown area even more advantages. Disadvantage挛分照习视精诺癌纤瓜涤碟勘玛悲渔炔剐朝皇稀饱幸四留惠址峪痉剁础迪绍寐滋踪缝汰抹凋猫疆庸蚊技恶仔疥矣莱翱窥虞炉喷梁唇海漱饶噎扁疆瘦泥 浆 配 合 比方桩基础施工技术2005年度优秀科技论文digging; has dual functions of retaining, watertight; typically more economical construction without vibra