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2014年全国职称英语 理工类B级 考前预测试题【内部资料，严防泄密】第1部分 选择题：下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语有下划线，请为每处下划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。1、The high-speed trains can have a major impact on travel preferences.AforceBinfluenceCsurpriseDpower2、Can you follow the plot?AchangeBinvestigateCwriteDunderstand3、Even in a highly modernized country, manual work is still needed.AphysicalBmentalCnaturalDhard4、In the latter case the outcome can be serious indeed.AresultBjudgmentCdecisionDevent5、Norman B amey,is an artist of deep convictions.AstatementsBbeliefsCsuggestionsDclaims6、Up to now, the work has been easy.ASoBSo longCSo thatDSo far7、The report advocated setting up day training colleges.AsupposedBexcitedCsuggestedDdiscussed8、Accordingly, a number of other methods have been employed.AThereforeBAfterwardsCHoweverDFurthermore9、The outlook from the top of the mountain is breathtaking.AviewBsightClookDpoint10、Our lives are intimately bound up with theirs.AtenselyBnearlyCcarefullyDclosely11、The union representative put across her argument very effectively.AexplainedBinventedCconsideredDaccepted12、He talks tough but has a tender heart.AheavyBstrongCkindDwild13、It is no use debating the relative merits of this policy.AmakingBtakingCdiscussingDexpecting14、Our statistics show that we consume all that we are capable of producing.AwasteBbuyCuseDsell15、The fuel tanks had a capacity of 140 liters.AfunctionBabilityCpowerDvolume 第2部分：阅读判断(第1622题，每题1分，共7分) 下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。16、请根据短文的内容，对16-23做出判断。Highways With the increase in auto production, private turnpike (收费公路) companies under local authorities began to spring up, and by 1921 there were 387, 000 miles of paved roads. At that time, there were no national standards for size, weight restrictions, or weight of trucks. During the World War I, roads throughout the country were nearly destroyed by the weight of trucks When General Eisenhower returned from Germany in 1919, he noted: the old convoy (车队) had started me thinking about good, two-lane highways, but Germanys Autobahn or motorway had made me see the wisdom of broader ribbons across the land. The interstate highway system was finally started in 1956. To build its 44, 000-mile web of.highways, bridges, and tunnels, hundreds of unique engineering designs and solutions had to be worked out. Considering the many. geographic features of the country such as mountains, steep grades, wetlands, rivers, deserts and plains, innovative designs of roadways began to web of their way across the country, forever altering the face of America. Today, the interstate system links every major city in the U. S. , and the U. S. with Canada and Mexico. Built with safety in mind, the highways have wide lanes and shoulders, dividing medians, or barriers, long entry and exit lanes, curves engineered for safe turns, and limited access. The death rate on highways is half that of all other U. S roads (0.86 deaths per 100 million passenger miles compared to 1.99 deaths per 100 million on all other roads). By opening the North American continent, highways have enabled consumer goods and services to reach people in remote and rural areas of the country, spurred the growth of suburbs,and provided people with greater options in terms of jobs, access to cultural program, health care, and other benefits. Above all, the interstate system provides individuals with what they cherish most: personal freedom of mobility. The interstate system has been an essential element of the nations economic growth in terms of shipping and job creation: more than 75 percent of the nations freight deliveries arrive by truck; and most products that arrive by rail or air use interstates for the last leg of the journey by vehicle. Not only has the highway system affected the American economy by providing shipping routes, it has led to the growth of spin-off industries like service stations, motels,restaurants, and shopping centers. It has allowed the relocation of manufacturing plants and other industries from urban areas to rural.National standards for paved roads were in place by 1921.ARightBWrongCNot mentioned17、Eisenhower felt that the broad German motorways had better quality than the hig ways of America.ARightBWrongCNot mentioned18、In the 1950s that the American government finally took action to build a national highway system. ARightBWrong ,CNot mentioned19、Many of the problems presented by the countrys geographical features found solutions in innovative engineering projects.ARightBWrongCNot mentioned20、With safety considerations the death rate on interstate highways is still higher than, that of other American roads.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned21、The interstate highways system provides access between major military installations in America.ARightBWrongCNot mentioned22、Service stations, motels and restaurants promoted the development of the interstate highway system.ARightBWrongCNot mentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第2330题，每题1分，共8分) 下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2-5段每段选择1个最佳标题；(2)第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。23、根据材料，回答23-31问题。Ways to Reduce Exposure to Air Pollution 1.A report published recently brings bad news about air pollution It suggests that it could be as damaging to our health as exposure to the radiation ,from the 1986 Ukraine nuclear power plant disaster. The report was published by the U. K s Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution. But what can city people do to reduce exposure to air pollution Quite a lot it turns out. 2.Avoid walking in busy streets. Choose side streets and parks instead. Pollution levels can fall a considerable amount just by moving a few meters away from the main pollution source exhaust fumes (废气). Also dont walk behind smokers. Walk on the windward (顶风的) side of the street where exposure Of pollutants (污染物) can be 50 percent less than on the downwind (顺风的) side. 3. Sitting on the drivers side of a bus can increase your exposure by 10 percent, compared with sitting on the side nearest the pavement. Sitting upstairs on a double-decker (双层电车)can reduce exposure. It is difficult to say whether traveling on an underground train is better or worse than taking the bus. Air pollution on underground trains tends to be less toxic (有毒的) than that at street level, because underground pollution is mostly made up of tiny iron particles (粒子) thrown up by wheels hitting the rails, while diesel (柴油机) and petrol fumes have a mixture of pollutants. 4. When you are crossing a road, stand well back from the curb (路缘) while you wait for the light to change. Every meter really does count when you are close to traffic. As the traffic begins to move, fumes can be reduced in just a few seconds. So holding your breath for just a moment can make a difference, even though it might sound silly. 5. There are large sudden pollution increases during rush hours. Pollution levels fall during nighttime. The time of year also makes a big difference. Pollution levels tend to be at their lowest during spring and autumn when winds are freshest. Extreme cold or hot weather has a trapping effect and tends to cause a build-up of pollutants.Paragraph 2_.AWhere you stand while waiting to cross?BWhere you walk?CWhere you sit on a bus?DWhen you go to bed?EWhen pollution levels rise?FWhen you get up?24、Paragraph 3_.AWhere you stand while waiting to cross?BWhere you walk?CWhere you sit on a bus?DWhen you go to bed?EWhen pollution levels rise?FWhen you get up?25、Paragraph 4_.AWhere you stand while waiting to cross?BWhere you walk?CWhere you sit on a bus?DWhen you go to bed?EWhen pollution levels rise?FWhen you get up?26、Paragraph 5_.AWhere you stand while waiting to cross?BWhere you walk?CWhere you sit on a bus?DWhen you go to bed?EWhen pollution levels rise?FWhen you get up?27、Air pollution can be as harmful to ones health_.Aduring rush holmBin spring and autumnCto toxic airDbetween autumn and winterEas exposure to nuclear radiationFon the downwind side28、Traveling on an underground train can reduce exposure_.Aduring rush holmBin spring and autumnCto toxic airDbetween autumn and winterEas exposure to nuclear radiationFon the downwind side29、Pollution levels are lower_.Aduring rush holmBin spring and autumnCto toxic airDbetween autumn and winterEas exposure to nuclear radiationFon the downwind side30、Its wise to stay away from heavy traffic_.Aduring rush holmBin spring and autumnCto toxic airDbetween autumn and winterEas exposure to nuclear radiationFon the downwind side 第4部分：阅读理解(第3145题，每题3分，共45分) 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。31、根据材料，回答31-36问题。第一篇Physical Exercise Declaring that physical exercise is one of the most powerful medicines to help improve our quality of life is not an exaggeration. The World Health Organization expressed the same view in its 2002 World Health Report, emphasizing that the damage produced by lack of physical activity was equal to the strong probability of serious illness such as heart disease and even some kinds of cancer.Those who have embraced an active lifestyle for years are familiar with the sort of physical and psychological benefits that come from exercise. Nevertheless a lot of people would never of physical activity as a way of feeling better, simply because they dont think they are in need of it, or because they are lazy or maintain that they havent got enough time.There are many positive,e effects that result from physical exercise and they are not only concerned with the physical aspects but also psychological and social ones.Beginning with the physical benefits, physical activity improves the life of the heart, bumsoff fat, lowers high blood pressure, makes tissues more resistant, and increases muscleflexibility and joint mobility.On a psychological level, physical activity helps reduce anxiety and stress by causingtension to disappear and by encouraging us to have a better sense of ourselves through listeningto our bodies during movement. Lastly, seeing ourselves in better health is advantageous socially. The sense of satisfactionthus obtained will result in an increase of self-respect and self-confidence in terms of our ability to interact with others. The benefits linked to exercise have also not gone unnoticed in the business world, with more and more companies setting up gyms on-site. Employees improved health translates into better performance and reduced costs as well as an increase in peoples satisfaction in the work place. Physical activity is recommended for all age groups, including children. It is an important growth factor in a child s education. And for the elderly? There is no doubt that regular physical activity allows greater efficiency in daily life as Well as creating more basic independence day by day, including the possibility of keeping in touch with others and not feeling isolated.The writer regards physical exercise as a strong medicine because_.Athe WHO holds the viewBit helps improve the quality of lifeCthe lack of it equals serious illnessDit enables people to live longer32、Many people do not engage in physical exercise mainly because_.Athey are not aware of its benefitsBthey dont have the facilitiesCthey dont think they need itDthey are physically unfit for it33、According to the passage, physical exercise can make people_.Astronger and more intelligentBmore intelligent and more open-mindedCmore open-minded and healthierDhealthier and stronger34、Physical exercise is socially beneficial because_.Ait gives people competitive advantageBit helps people reduce anxietyCit enables employees to work better for their companyDit makes people confident in dealing with others35、According to the passage, regular physical exercise can make old people_.Abetter able to look after themselves Blook younger than they really areCless likely to suffer from diseasesDmore aggressive in their interaction with others36、根据材料，回答36-41问题。第二篇A New Immigration Bill The U. S. Senate is considering a new immigration bill. It will value the economic promise of immigrants over family ties when considering U. S. residency and citizenship. The legislation,which was proposed by President Bush and a group of senators, contains a point system. The proposal aims to increase the number of immigrants with graduate degrees, earnings or job skills.The proposedpoint system would use a 100-point scale. According to a draft of the law,merit applicants could earn up to 47 points for things like occupation, or year of work for a US firm. They could earn up to 28 points for their education, 15 points for English and US civics (公民学), and 10 points for family ties. The system has stirred up debate. Critics on the left say it opposes family unity and American values. Critics on the right complain that it does not reflect the needs of high-tech employers. The current kinship (血缘关系) -based system puts pressure on the U. S. , as it attracts low-skill workers who consume more public services than they pay back in taxes. It allows a variety of uneducated people in from Mexico and Central America. The immigration bill would allow eight years to clear the current backlog (积压) of application for a permanent resident card, or green card. After that, only the children and spouses (配偶) of legal immigrants would be able to apply for family visas. Adult children,siblings (兄弟姐妹), parents, and other relatives would have to apply in the general queue (排队). Under the proposal, i .mrnigrants from Asian, countries would likely fare well (很有利). For instance, over half of recent immigrants from China and India have a bachelors (学士的)or higher degree. Immigrants from Latin American countries would likely face more difficulties.Immigration point systems have been in use in Canada, Australia and New Zealand for years. The U. K. adopted a similar approach in 2001. One thing that Canada and other nations have discovered is that their system needs to fit the needs of their economy. Too often they find that they attract highly-educated people who end up finding work that doesnt use their skills.Some end up driving a taxi. One of the reasons for proposing the point system is_.Ato give priority to immigrants from ChinaBto protect the US from terrorist attacksCto attract skilled immigrants Dto increase population37、What do critics on the right say about the proposed point system?AIt opposes family unity.BIt is very difficult to apply.CIt opposes American values.DIt does not meet the needs of high-tech employers.38、Which statement is NOT true of the current system?AIt is kinship-based.BIt puts pressure on the US.CIt draws low-skilled workers.DIt attracts highly-educated people.39、 Who can apply for family visas in future?AThe uncles and aunts of legal immigrants.BThe brothers and sisters of legal immigrants.CThe spouses and young children of legal immigrants.DThe parents and grandparents of legal immigrants.40、Which country adopted the point system in 2001?AThe UK.BThe US.CCanada.DAustralia A New Immigration Bill41、根据材料，回答41-46问题。College Students Financial Pressure in U. S. Each semester, Andrew Tom receives a term bill outlining his expenses: tuition, dorm fee,student center fee, recreation fee, resident activity fee, health insurance. If only the rest of his expenses were as easy to quantify. Its like you start out the semester with plenty of money and then $ 20 for dinner out here and $100 at the department store there, its gone, said Tom, a Northeastern University third-year student. And there are so many things you need like toothpaste or laundry detergent. (洗涤剂) that you dont think about until you get here and need it. From the books lining their shelves to the fashionable clothes filling their closets, college students say the expenses of a college education go well beyond tuition and a dining hall meal plan. Many say they arrive on campus only to be overwhelmed by unexpected costs from sports fees to the actual price of a slice of pizza. Balancing a job with schoolwork, especially at colleges known for their heavy workloads like Harvard and MIT, can be tough. So can the pressure students often feel to financially keep pace with their friends. When you get dragged along shopping, youre going to spend money; if you get dragged to a party and everyone wants to take a cab but youre cheap and want to take a bus. Chancesare youll end up sharing the fee for the cab, said Tom. I guess you could say no, but no one wants to be the only one eating in the snack bar while your friends are out to dinner. Max Cohen, a biology major at MIT, said he is accustomed to watching fellow students spend $ 40 a night to have dinner delivered or $ 50 during a night out at a ,bar. During theschools recent spring break, friends on trips for the week posted away messages that read like a word map - Pads, Rome, Tokyo. Meanwhile I stay home and work, said Cohen. I didntrealize when I came here how much money I would spend or how hard I would have to work to get by. It is a lesson some younger students learn quickly. Others, surrounded by credit card offers, go into debt, or worse, are forced to leave school. A lot of people dont think twice about how much they spend, said a first-year student at MIT, and you feel the pressure sometimes to go along with them. The sentence If only the rest of his expenses were as easy to quantify.(Paragraph 1 ) implies that_.Athere are many other unexpected expensesBit is easy to calculate how much more to spendCthe tuition is too high to be calculatedDhe has to pay only a few other expenses42、All the following expenses are included in the term bill EXCEPT_.Ahealth insuranceBsports feesCrecreation feesDdorm fees43、According to the passage, many college students_.Ahave to work hard in their studiesBsuspend their studies in order to workCdepend on their families for all the expensesDare under great financial pressure44、The word cheap ( Paragraph 5) is closest in meaning to_.Ainferior in qualityBinexpensiveCunwilling to spendDvalueless45、From the last paragraph, one may learn that an important reason for the high hidden costs for college students is_.Athe extremely high prices of daily necessitiesBthe schools overcharging for campus activitiesCthe too many expenses the students have to payDthe pressure of keeping pace with their peers 第5部分：补全短文(第4650题，每题2分，共10分) 下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。46、根据材料，完成46-51题。 For the bombings by Tuesday . (47)Bombings and shootings occur almoBomb Explosions in Thailand. The new year celebration in Thailand .was shattered by violence, when nine bombs exploded across Bangkok around midnight. Three Thai citizens were killed and more than 30 injured. Among the injured, six were foreigners. No Chinese casualties were reposed, the Chinese Em
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