Reflect or Escape RealityPoe’s Life and His Works

反映还是逃避现实坡的生活及作品Reflect or Escape Reality-Poes Life and His WorksContentsAbstract.11 General talk about Poe .22 Poes life.33 Poes works and his fames.33.1 Some work experience of Poe.33.2 Poes enduring fame .43.3 Comment on parts of Poes fictions64 Conclusion.10References.12Reflect or Escape Reality-Poes Life and His Works摘 要：爱.伦坡是美国19世纪著名作家中的一个另类，他是个怪才。他的一生为我们留下了约七十首诗，五十个短篇。数量不算多，也难以举出抗鼎之作品，更难说有很深的社会意义，但他却是通向当代文学一个不可或缺的环节。他是一个从物质跳进梦幻世界的作家。他不把“真实”，“真理”当作艺术的目的，而是把“美”、“愉悦”、“效果”视为追求的目标。他凭借丰富而怪异的想象力，制造一个个梦魇，制造一个个幻觉。他的故事几乎都是现实中不可能发生的，他也不要求读者相信他所诉的是事实，而是要通过新奇的构思、刺激的场面，达到作家预设的最强烈的效果，从而给人留下惊魂摄魄、无法磨灭的印象。从他的作品看，坡是一个思维敏锐的作家，他的见解敏锐而又独到。但是，坡一生又沉醉于他的虚幻作品与酒精构造的非现实世界中。爱.伦坡到底是在反映还是在逃避现实呢？关键词：反映 逃避 生活 作品Abstract: Adgar.Allan.Poe is a different writer from the famous writers of the 19th century in America, who is a maverick genius. He left about 70 poems and 50 fictions for us. The quantity of those works is not very large, and its difficult to put out an important works, its hard to say they have obvious effects, but he leads to an indispensable link of Contemporary Literature. He is a writer who jumps into the dreamlike world from the material world. He didnt think that art was his purpose, but he thought beautiful ”, making joyful” and result is the goal of his life. He makes the nightmares and illusion relys on abundant and unusual imagination. His story is almost to happen in reality. He does not require readers to believe what he tells is the fact. Depends on the novel plot, amazing scene, he makes an frightened and indelible impression on us. Judging from his works, Poe is a writer of sharp thinking , whose opinion is sharp and original. However, Poe is addicted to his unreal works and alcohol through his whole life. Either Adgar.Allan.Poe is reflecting or trying to escape reality on earth?Key words: reflect；escape；life；worksReflect or Escape Reality-Poes Life and His Works1 General talk about PoeAdgar.Allan.Poe is a different writer from the famous writers of the 19th century in America, who is a maverick genius. He left about 70 poems and 50 fictions for us. The quantity of those works is not very large, its difficult to put out an important works, and its hard to say they have obvious effects, but he leads to an indispensable link of Contemporary Literature. He is a writer who jumps into the dreamlike world from the material world. He didnt thought that art was his purpose, but he thought beautiful ”, making joyful” and result was the goal of his life. He makes the nightmares and illusion relies on abundant and unusual imagination. His story is almost to happen in reality. He does not require readers to believe what he tells is the fact. Use the novel plot, amazing scene, he makes an frightened and indelible impression on us. Look from his works, Poe is a writer of sharp thinking , his opinion is sharp and original. However, Poe is addicted to his unreal works and alcohol through his whole life. Either Adgar.Allan.Poe is reflecting or trying to escape reality on earth?About Adgar.Allan.Poe, someone said he is a hypocrite trying to escape society, someone said his works have reflected his true life exactly. I think we cant make a judgment from the surface of ones life. To see the reflection of Poes works, we cant say that he is entirely a person really trying to escape from reality briefly.George Bernard Shaw has claimed: U.S.A. has produced two great writers -Edgar Allan Poe and Mark Twain. However, you can not find another great writer who suffering from so many setback more than Poe on American literary circles. He almost spends all his life in wrestle the fate. In the beginning of October 1849, Poe calls out God blesses me! before die. This voice has condensed him to the frustration grief and indignation in half a lifetime.Poe life is under poverty and sorrow. Poe is not only against the painstaking but also suffer all kinds of supercilious looks of human world, constantly slandering an open spear thrust and an arrow in the dark. No matter before death, or behind the death. Not only nobody pay attention to him at home, but also people passes different judgments of the world. The person who understand him say he is a remarkable poet and genius short novelist. But in those human who has prejudice to his works, personality and private life, he is rebelling against and lunatic, even drunkard and addict. In fact, It seems that he is affable and very sincere all the time to the persons he loved according to a large number of material, only towards those person he hated, he has supercilious attitude just, and refuses to yield an inch. In any case, his important status in the history of U.S.A.s literature is always indisputable; the contribution that he makes to U.S.A.s literature and even the world literature cannot be obliterated.If we want to understand about Poe, we should understand his works and life at first.2 Poes lifePoe born in a family of itinerant entertainer of Boston on 19 past 1809.Poes parents, David Poe Jr. and Elizabeth Arnold Hopkins, were touring actors; both died before he was 3 years old, and he was taken into the home of John Allan, a prosperous merchant in Richmond, Va., and baptized Edgar Allan Poe. His childhood was uneventful, although he studied (1815-20) for 5 years in England. In 1826 he entered the University of Virginia but stayed for only a year. Although a good student, he ran up large gambling debts that Allan refused to pay. Allan prevented his return to the university and broke off Poes engagement to Sarah Elmira Royster, his Richmond sweetheart. Lacking any means of support, Poe enlisted in the army. He had, however, already written and printed (at his own expense) his first book, Tamerlane and Other Poems (1827), verses written in the manner of Byron.Temporarily reconciled, Allan secured Poes release from the army and his appointment to West Point but refused to provide financial support. After 6 months Poe apparently contrived to be dismissed from West Point for disobedience of orders. His fellow cadets, however, contributed the funds for the publication of Poems by Edgar A. Poe . Second Edition (1831), actually a third edition - after Tamerlane and Al Aaraaf, Tamerlane, and Minor Poems (1829). This volume contained the famous To Helen and Israfel, poems that show the restraint and the calculated musical effects of language that were to characterize his poetry.3 Poes works and his fames3.1 some work experience of PoePoe next took up residence in Baltimore with his widowed aunt, Maria Clemm, and her daughter, Virginia, and turned to fiction as a way to support himself. In 1832 the Philadelphia Saturday Courier published five of his stories - all comic or satiric - and in 1833, MS. Found in a Bottle won a $50 prize given by the Baltimore Saturday Visitor. Poe, his aunt, and Virginia moved to Richmond in 1835, and he became editor of the Southern Literary Messenger and married Virginia, who was not yet 14 years old.Poe published fiction, notably his most horrifying tale, Berenice in the Messenger, but most of his contributions were serious, analytical, and critical reviews that earned him respect as a critic. He praised the young Dickens and a few other contemporaries but devoted most of his attention to devastating reviews of popular contemporary authors. His contributions undoubtedly increased the magazines circulation, but they offended its owner, who also took exception to Poes drinking. The January 1837 issue of the Messenger announced Poes withdrawal as editor but also included the first installment of his long prose tale, The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym, five of his reviews, and two of his poems. This was to be the paradoxical pattern for Poes career: success as an artist and editor but failure to satisfy his employers and to secure a livelihood.First in New York City (1837), then in Philadelphia (1838-44), and again in New York (1844-49), Poe sought to establish himself as a force in literary journalism, but with only moderate success. He did succeed, however, in formulating influential literary theories and in demonstrating mastery of the forms he favored - highly musical poems and short prose narratives. Both forms, he argued, should aim at a certain unique or single effect. His theory of short fiction is best exemplified in Ligeia (1838), the tale Poe considered his finest, and The Fall Of The House Of Usher (1839), which was to become one of his most famous stories. The Murders in the Rue Morgue (1841) is sometimes considered the first detective story. Exemplary among his musical, mellifluous verses are The Raven (1845) and The Bells (1849).Virginias death in January 1847 was a heavy blow, but Poe continued to write and lecture. In the summer of 1849 he revisited Richmond, lectured, and was accepted anew by the fiancee he had lost in 1826. After his return north he was found unconscious on a Baltimore street. In a brief obituary the Baltimore Clipper reported that Poe had died of congestion of the brain.3.2 Poes enduring famePoe has enduring fame since 1850, Poes writings have passed through hundreds of editions. Indeed, his more popular works have never been out of print. Many of these have been translated into some or all of the worlds major languages, in some cases several times. The Raven is certainly Poes best-known work, arguably the most popular poem ever written. It even has an NFL football team named after it, the Baltimore Ravens. His tales, particularly the short stories, have spawned a legion of imitators and inspired artists, playwrights, filmmakers and composers. Each year, hundreds of books and articles, some scholarly others in a lighter vein, are written about one of more facets of Poes life or works. Such prominent composers as Rachmaninov (the choral symphony The Bells) and Debussy (the operas The Fall of the House of Usher and The Devil in the Belfry) have created musical tributes evoking his works. Dozens of lesser composers have created musical settings for his poems. The extent of Poes appeal, however, has long reached beyond the realms of art and literature. Poe has become a virtual icon. (Such diverse performers as the Alan Parsons Project, Joan Baez and Iron Maiden have recorded modern musical interpretations. Poe even appears on the Beatles famous Sgt. Pepper album cover.) Halloween episodes of the popular The Simpsons TV show include references to Poe (beginning in October of 1990 with a recitation of The Raven). Such noted actors as Basil Rathbone, Peter Lorre and Vincent Price have recited his words and performed in movies based on his works. (Other classic actors who have recorded readings of some of Poes works are Syndey Greenstreet, John Carradine, James Mason and Paul Scofield. More modern interpreters include Christopher Walken, Gabriel Byrne, Deborah Harry and Iggy Pop.) Poes image has appeared on coffee mugs, T-shirts, bookmarks, buttons, postcards and refrigerator magnets. Usually, Poe appears in obvious places. The supernatural TV soap opera Dark Shadows (1966-1971), for example, based several plots on his short stories. In a more humorous vein, another TV show, The Munsters (1964-1966), has a version of a cuckoo clock containing a raven that regularly announces the hours with a rather parrot-like nevermore. Sometimes, Poe pops up in unlikely places. In the 1967 movie El Dorado, James Caan recites Poes poem of the same name to a clearly unappreciative John Wayne. In the 1992 movie The Last of the Mohicans, Poes last name was used in place of the hero Hawkeyes literary name of Bumpo, ironic given Poes extreme distaste for the works of James Fenimore Cooper. Given the fickle nature of popularity, we are left to wonder why we continue to read Poe and why we should we study his works. The answers even to such deceptively simple questions are rather complicated and subject to a great deal of opinion. One reason Poe is read so widely is that there is something in his writings for everyone. His works span the range of human emotions - joy, passion, hope, rage, despair and, of course, fear. Also, he appeals to us on many different levels. His superb control of technique is often the most obvious and the most superficial level, one which the majority of Poes readers unfortunately never seem to get beyond. In some ways, particularly in his poetry, the technique is such a strong element that it discourages deeper evaluation. More often, we carelessly think that we have seen all there is to see in Poe and feel at some point that we have outgrown him. Poe is often first encountered in childhood, usually ones early teens, when his notions of the imminent nature of death and the sweet and sour of existence are generally outside of the readers very narrow set of experiences. At that age, it is the mystery, the adventure and the thrill of a good scare that draw us to Poe. It only takes a few stories, however, to discover that Poe is not easy to read. Indeed, he demands great effort from his reader, particularly today where we are accustomed to having our entertainment spoon-fed to us. Some readers quickly become discouraged by having to look up so many words and because they do not understand all of Poes references to classical literature. Others are confused when they discover that Poes narrators are not always reliable witnesses to the events they describe - they may be lying, mistaken or even insane. If we stay with Poe or return to his works as adults, our changing perspectives may show us a very different view of the same stories. We begin life full ofhope and expectation - all before us is promise. As we proceed, the bitterness of disappointment grows as many of these promises are not (indeed often cannot) be met. We are somewhat bolstered by the discovery of unexpected pleasures, but inevitably the heavy hand of fate must be apparent. All of this can be found in Poes writings. The purpose, then, of studying Poe and his works (or any writer and his or her works) is not to come to understand the writer, but to understand the reader - to explore what we believe or feel by comparing and contrasting with Poe and his characters. As with any great artist, Poe does not just come out and tell us what he thinks. Instead, he gives us moods and characters, themes and structures. He introduces ideas, but does not heavily argue or debate them. In this approach, the reader becomes not merely an observer but a participant, and the works themselves are reinvented by each of us. Is his raven really a supernatural being with a message from beyond or is it just a lost pet bird trained to say a single word that happens to fit the narrators unhappy mood? Does Poe want us to accept Facts in the Case of M. Valdemar as true or is he satirically poking fun at the limitations of science? In The Fall of the House of Usher, is Roderick Usher doomed by his own actions or is it his unavoidable fate? How much of our lives are subject to our control and how much is predetermined? Is the real prize in The Gold Bug the pirate treasure or is it the intellectual victory of solving the mystery? Which is more true, the optimism of Israfel or the pessimism of The Conqueror Worm? Look to Poe for these and many other questions. The answers are for us to provide. For the sophisticated reader, each story and poem becomes a puzzle. The challenge is to seek Poes hidden meanings, the reward is to find ourselves. 3.3 Comment on parts of Poes fictionsRead part of his works. The Fall of the House of Usher , from my constrained mood, weather, the surrounding environment of the house, the scenes, incidents, all linked with one another, promotion step by step. Every slight minor details write for strengthen and set off the gloomily terrific atmosphere by contrast, until the younger sister wrap up with blood corpse clothing appear again , brother and sister gather around and die, the House of Usher collapses and collapses in the storm thereupon too that strategic point has a rest. Every step is soul-stirring , they let people cant breathing spell at all. The Tell-Tale Heart , I kill the old man unfeelingly , only because the old man has a pair of sharp eyes of griffon vultures. Then I dismembering and burying his corpse with my heart at peace, and I can be calm in the face of the policeman, and did not have a bit weak point. But there is always a kind of thing I unable to deal with, that is heart that reveals beating. Heart that good and evil fight for, eventually evil to pigeonhole. Key description the crime course in the article, and all these description is for setting off I s abnormal crime psychology by contrast. The Murders in the Rue Morgue is Allan.Poes masterpiece of detective story. In the history of detective story, Allan. Poe is the mountain founder undoubtedly, he not merely creates the types of detective story, and apply the tactics of the detective story to the psychology and morals to explore. Certainly, to the types of the detective story, Allan. Poe has only calculated and made a start, he is not the very most outstanding in this respect, but he performs meritorious deeds never to be obliterated after all.And of Poe s Gothic novel, even can accurate to call it the psychology type Gothic novel, because he usually sets personages in the environment that he creates, focus on the psychology describe, and the psychological activity is portrayed finely and smoothly, accurately, truely. Utilize and then frightened special strength, break society behave in the outer cover cast, liberate one in constraint, common customs of idea people, in order to enter into the depths of peoples soul, announce humans heart activity of most concealed, represent peoples most primitive instinct and demand, unwilling or ugliness that people does not dared to face. He has written countless immortal works eith the exploration of ones own soul and abundant imagination, Poe has been said: The death of a beautiful woman is undoubtedly a mospoesyt theme in the world. And frightened, it is humans most eternal theme in the abyss of the mind.Judge from the thoughts of Poe that shows from his works or judge from some of his words, we can say that Poe has a kind of consciousness doesnt belongs to his period. Poe has attempted to explain the death wish, but before Floyd gives a definition for it, who could understand this kind of desire? Poe likes describing the bloody violence, but before those short stories of Hemingway come out, who could think the violence novel is pure art too? Poe is good at make terrific suspense especially, but the reader of that era does not know what is terrific novel of psychology still. Poe use double self to theme of novel as oneself more than once, but the reviewers dictionary split this wording of personality yet at that time. Poe face upward a deep sigh blue mountains and green waters to ravage by dense smoke blast furnace day, in the 19th century all living things very there is no environmental consciousness.Poes reputation is not lightly dismissed. For a man who has been dead for over one hundred years, Poe still manages to inspi