英语句子类型(教育精

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,句子类型,句子种类两种分类法,1,、按句子的用途可分四种：,1,）陈述句（肯定、否定）,：,He is six years old.,She didnt hear of you before.,2,）疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意）：,Do they like skating?How old is he?,Is he six or seven years old?,Mary can swim,cant she?,3,）祈使句：,Be careful,boys;Dont talk in class.,4,）感叹句,：,How clever the boy is!,2,、按句子的结构可分三种：,简单句、,并列句和复合句。,1,）,简单句,：只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。,e.g.He often reads English in the morning.,Tom and Mike are American boys.,She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.,2),并列句,：由并列连词（,and,but,or,等）,或分号（,;,）把,两个或两个,以上的,简单句,连在一起构成。,e.g.You help him and he helps you.,The future is bright;the road is tortuous.,前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。,3,）,复合句,：含有,一个或一个以上从句,的句子。复合句包含：,名词性从句,（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）、,定语从句,和,状语从句,等。,e.g.The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall.,简单句的五种基本句型：,一、主语不及物动词,（,S+V,）,e.g.a.Spring is coming.,b.This factory opened in 1989.,二、主语及物动词宾语,（,S+V+O,）,e.g.She has bought a new house.,三、主语连系动词表语,（,S+V+P,）,e.g.a.She looked worried.,b.Miss Zhao is one of the most popular teachers in the school.,四、主语及物动词间接宾语直接宾语,（,S+V+IO+DO,）,e.g.My father bought me a lot of books.,五、主语及物动词宾语宾语补足语（,S+V+O+C,）,e.g.a.They made him their monitor.,b.We consider him very capable.,句子成份练习,1,、,You should study,hard,.,2,、,The teacher got,very angry,.,3,、,The boy told,me his story,.,4,、,We elected,him our monitor,.,5,、,The sun keeps,us warm,.,6,、,I told,him to open the window.,7,、,We watched,the train leaving the station.,状语,表语,间语,+,直宾,宾语,+,宾补,宾语,+,宾补,宾语,+,宾补,宾语,+,宾补,8.I think,it difficult to finish the work this morning.,9.There seems,little hopes of success,.,10,、,To our joy,they arrived,safe,.,11,、,The fact is very clear,that our team will win the game.,12.,After graduation,he will work,where he came from.,宾语,+,宾补,主语,状语,同位语,状语,Exercises,把下列句子译成英语，并指出各属于哪种基本句型。,1.,这些花闻起来很香。,These flowers smell good.,2.,这里夏天经常下雨。,It always rains here in summer.,3.,李平逗得婴儿笑起来了。,Li Ping made the baby begin to laugh.,4.,刚才她给了我一些墨水。,Just now she gave me some ink.,主及物动间宾直宾（,S+V+IO+DO,）,主连动表,(S+V+P),主不及物动,(S+V),主及物动宾宾补（,S+V+O+C,）,1.Give me one more minute _ Ill be able to finish it.,A.and B.or C.if D.so,2.-Your uncle isnt an engineer,is he?-_.,A.Yes,he isnt B.No,he isnt,C.No,he is D.He is,3._ joyful he was to meet his brother again!,A.How B.What C.What a D.What an,4.Let us pass,_?,A.shant we B.shall we,C.wont we D.will you,5.I suppose he isnt serious,_?,A.do I B.dont I C.is he D.isnt he,6.You had better not smoke here,_?,A.will you B.had you,C.shall you D.have you,7.Train as hard as you can _ youll win the swimming competition.,A.then B.but C.and D.or,8.Im sorry to have to say this,_ you forgot to turn off the lights when you left the room last night.,A.and B.but C.so D.because,9.John has not yet passed the driving test,and _.,A.Henry hasnt too,B.Henry also has not either,C.neither Henry has D.neither has Henry,10.There are many sports lovers in his office.Some love climbing,_ others enjoy swimming.,A.or B.For C.while D.so,11.-Do you feel like going out _ would you rather have dinner at home?,-Id like to go out.,A.or B.and C.but D.so,补充：,there be,句型：,A.there be,结构中的,be,是可以运用,各种时态,的。,1.,今晚有个会议。,There is going to be/will be,a meeting tonight.,2.,有个女孩一直在等你。,There has been,a girl waiting for you.,3.,你来之前就有过很多起这样的事故。,There had been,many such accidents before you came.,B.There be,结构变形。,1.There used/seem/happen/appear to be,1).,看来没人愿意帮忙。,There appeared to be,nobody willing to help.,2).,过去这儿有一座楼房。,There used to be,a building here.,3).,碰巧有个人在此经过。,There happened to be,a man walking by.,4).,好象没有太大的希望。,There doesnt seem to be,much hope.,B.There be,结构变形。,2.,在,there be,的,be,前还可以加上各种情态动词,.,1).,一定有问题。,There must be,something wrong.,2).,不应该有这么多的人。,There ought not to be,so many people.,3).,可能还有点希望。,There might still be,hope.,C.“,there be,”,结构中的,特殊动词,：,1.,除用动词,be,之外，还可以用和,be,意义相近的其他动词：,live,exist,stand,lie,occur,come,follow,remain,等。,1).,很久很久以前，有一个国王。,Long,long ago,there lived,a king.,2).,然后有人敲门。,Then,there came,a knock at the door.,3).,然后是传来了可怕的声音。,There followed,a terrible noise.,4).,突然进来了一个奇怪的人。,Suddenly,there entered,a strange man.,D.“there be”,的特殊的表达方式,1.There is no sense in doing,做某事是没有意义的,There is no sense in making,him angry.,跟他生气是没有用的。,2.There is no use/good doing,做某事是没有用的,There is no good/use going,there.,去那儿是没有好处的。,3.There is no need to do,没有必要做某事,There is no need to give,him so much money.,根本没有必要给他那么多的钱。,