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Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,2 Strategies of Colonization,I.The Iberian Model:(Portuguese,Spanish)“Take and Enslave,Extract valuable resources to take home(often using native slave labor)while converting the indigenous population to Christianity,which values servitude and the humble servant mentality.,II.The British Model(Anglo)“Make us pay for stuff,Create Markets,as for Oil today(make us buy even though we created it;even workers will pay for the final product)GANDHIs response:spin our own cotton;make our own salt,Arguments Against Iberian Model:(Mexican Colonizations),People are not machines or mere tools(Kant);people are autonomous:choose!,Slavery is immoral(Locke,Kant,etc.),People of color DO have souls(Papal Bull decreed);thus they can be converted.,Spiritual service is not slavery.,Arguments Against British Model,Creating markets is inefficient and unecological,dislocating goods and incurring transportation costs and waste,Local cultures and products are eaten up by the“economy of scale of the Big Guys,e.g.Wal-Mart,&McDonalds.,People producing the coffee and food cannot afford to buy it in the market.,because its shipped and packaged elsewhere or they must reimport it!,After Petroleum(Oil,Gas),Once transporting the goods to and from processing industries is too expensive,.(when oil runs out),Local control,production,&consumption will again be cost-effective,Those profiting from the market colonization will not control the markets,Society will change drastically!Bikes!,Ethical Challenges in,GLOBALIZATION,Globalization is(def,Merrill):,Takeover,by a transnational corporation,nation,or culture;“erasure of national boundaries for economic purposes.Globalization“undercuts the ability of nations to internalize environmental and social costs into prices.so that as John Ruskin said,“that which SEEMS to be wealth is in verity but a gilded index of FAR-REACHING ruin.,What is“Globalization and WTO?,“Globalization Video showed serious harms occurring when transnational companies externalize costs.,Why do 400,000+people protest WTO?(World Trade Organization)?,What is“free trade really?Do its supporters challenge the monopolistic transnational corporations in their“globalization strategies and harms?,John Maynard Keynes,Prescription:,“I sympathize therefore,with those who would minimize,rather than those who would maximize,economic entanglement between nations.Ideas,knowledge,art,hospitality,travel-these are the things which should of their nature be international.But let goods be homespun whenever it is reasonably and conveniently possible;and,above all,let finance be primarily national.,Case of Yanomani Family Groups in Threatened Rain Forest,In the movie,Medicine Man,Western scientists discover native medicines that cure cancerous tumors but the health of the rain forest and possibly colonized indigenous people(e.g.,the Yanomani)are threatened.,Does happiness include whole families,healthy children,and a clear sense of identity,which is ecological,ethnic,bioregional,and national?Are most Americans happy?Why or why not,using families as a focus.,Feed the Starving?Why?,Famine Relief:Should we help,or not?Arent“they already overpopulated?Feeding breeds more!,What ARGUMENTS can be given for feeding hungry peoples who have exceeded the“Carrying Capacity of their land or bioregion?,What arguments count AGAINST that?,How Globalization is Valued(?),Not Everyone Approves!,Security Issues:,“Pro:We can cooperate internationally to solve ecological problems and tackle diseases e.g.,AIDS,smallpox,polio;&malaria(on the rise!).,Water H 2 O Shortages by 2021!,“Con:Even terrorism is global in its reach;“strong nations dominate“weaker ones,often without justice or justification;this leads to RESENTMENT of strong nation power by weaker nations,who band together.(Arabs)Better NOT“go global!Wetlands take up H2O.,GLOBALIZATION:a“hot button term,“Internationalization:trade,finance,govt.(U.N.)sharing knowledge,which is intrinsically good.,Liberalization:from“liberty:“free trade,and freedom of travel between countries;,Universalization:common calendar&“demanding universally“same ways of farming,manufacturing,&transport.,WESTERNIZATION(“OUR way!)Why?!,Transcending boundaries.,Corporate harms?Cos.dont pay their costs.,Why do we have,starvation,and poverty in our world,today,?,Why?Fanon:Colonialism is the cause!,Colonialism(def)Stronger nations invade weaker ones,and take the resources(steal the riches the weaker country either cannot defend,or needs help exploiting.),Examples of Colonies:Englands in what is now the United States;Portugal colonized BRAZIL(Portuguese:its main language.),“Neoliberalism(“Free Traders),Market Capitalism wants no restrictions on trade;so the larger transnationals always trump the local,small,ethnically distinct,perhaps more sustainable businesses.If this is true,then what?:,WHAT THIS MEANS:Local“Mom and Pop stores cannot s
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