资源描述
,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Clavicle Fractures锁骨骨折,Anatomy,Clavicle Fractures锁骨骨折Anatomy,1,Causes of Clavicle Fracture,Accidents such as,falls,Sometimes,a blow,from a blunt object or,a collision,of some sort,Causes of Clavicle FractureAcc,2,Fracture Classification,Fracture of middle 1/3(group I),account for 80%,Fracture Classification Fractu,3,frx of distal 1/3(group II),account for 10-15%type I:minimal displacement type II:frx medial to,coracoclavicular ligaments type III:articular surface fractures,frx of medial 1/3(group III),account for 5%,frx of distal 1/3(group II),4,Symptoms of Clavicle Fracture,Pain,Swelling,Tenderness,Deformity,Internal bleeding,If asked to lift their arm,patients with a broken clavicle cannot do so without extreme pain.,Symptoms of Clavicle FractureP,5,Treatment of Clavicle Fracture,The goal of treating broken bones is to set them,making them whole again,figure-8 splint or strap immobilized for 6-8 weeks,Open reduction and internal fixation,Treatment of Clavicle Fracture,6,Humerus Shaft Fractures 肱骨干骨折,Humerus Shaft Fractures 肱骨干骨折,7,Causes of Humeral Shaft Fracture,Direct stress,such as a blow to the arm.,Indirect forces,such as a fall,twisting or torsional forces.,Causes of Humeral Shaft Fractu,8,mechanism,bending force produces transverse frx of the shaft;,torsion force will result in a spiral fracture;,combination of bending and torsion produce oblique frx w/or w/o a butterfly fragment;,compression forces will frx either proximal or distal ends of humerus;,mechanismbending force produce,9,types of humeral shaft fracture,Transverse humeral fractures,Short oblique fractures,Long spiral fractures,types of humeral shaft fractur,10,Symptoms of humeral shaft fracture,Pain,Loss of strength in the grip,Swell,Deformity,Tenderness,If the blood supply is impaired,there may be numbness and coldness in the arm and hand.,Symptoms of humeral shaft frac,11,Non Operative Treatment of Humeral Shaft fracture,Long arm splint needs to be applied from shoulder to wrist to fully immobilize the extremity;,Non Operative Treatment of Hum,12,Operative Treatment:,internal fixation should be reserved for fractures with inadequate reduction or patients with multiple trauma;,Operative Treatment:internal f,13,IM Nailing of Humeral Shaft Fractures,IM Nailing of Humeral Shaft Fr,14,Plate Fixation,Plate Fixation,15,Anatomy,Supracondylar Fracture of the Humerus肱骨髁上骨折,AnatomySupracondylar Fracture,16,Causes,By a fall,The child may stretch out his or her hand and the force from the impact may be enough to cause a break in the bone.But any trauma to the area,such as an injury from a car accident,may also be a cause.,CausesBy a fall,17,-type I:non-displaced frx,-type II:displaced with intact posterior cortex,-type III:displaced with no cortical contact,-type I:non-displaced frx,18,Symptoms,pain in the elbow,swelling in the elbow,inability to move the arm due to pain,Symptomspain in the elbow,19,Complications,compartment syndrome,Volkmanns contracture,median or ulnar nerve injury,stiffness,angulation,myositis ossificans,Complicationscompartment syndr,20,Treatment,Case 1,TreatmentCase 1,21,Case 2,Case 2,22,Both bone forearm fractures前臂双骨折,Both bone forearm fractures前臂,23,Classification,Both Bone Forearm Fractures,Location,Proximal,middle,distal third,epiphyseal,Skin Integrity,Open,Closed,Fracture Pattern,Same level,different level,associated joint disruptionMonteggia Fractures Galeazzi Fractures,Displacement,Rotation,translation,shortening,interosseous space,Skeletal Maturity,Mature vs immature,ClassificationBoth Bone Forear,24,Case 1:42 year old man injured,in a car accident.His left arm,Case 1:42 year old man inju,25,Case 2,Case 2,26,Colles fracture,Smith fracture,Distal radius Fracture桡骨远端骨折,Colles fractureSmith fractureD,27,Classification of distal radius fractures,I Dorsal displaced,Colles fractures,II Palmar displaced,Smith fractures,III,Comminuted fractures,Classification of distal radiu,28,(1.)Distraction with external fixation supplemented with percutaneous Kirschner wires.,(2.)Distraction using a temporary plate and screws,tunnelled between two small access incisions.,(3.)Open reduction with a buttress plate.,(4.)Open reduction with the Medoff fixation system.,Fixation of distal radius fractures,(1.)Distraction with external,29,Complication,Reflex sympathetic dystrophy;,finger stiffness;,ulnar styloid nonunion;,Carpal tunnel syndrome;posttraumatic arthritis;,tendon rupture,carpal instability,ComplicationReflex sympathetic,30,Case 1,This 60 year old,woman.,She was treated with,closed reduction and,pinning.,Treatment,Case 1Treatment,31,Case 2,Preop,Postop,Case 2Preop Postop,32,The Injured Hand,手外伤,The Injured Hand,33,Arteries of hand,Arteries of hand,34,Nerves of hand,Nerves of hand,35,Examination of the Injured Hand,At rest,fingertips normally fall into a cascade posture of increasing flexion from the index to the small finger.,Examination of the Injured Han,36,Flaps for fingertip reconstruct
展开阅读全文