21过去分词作宾语补足语

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Past participles used as object complement,(过去分词做宾语补足语),Grammar,概述,英语中有些动词，除了有一个直接宾语外，还要有一个宾语补足语，句子才完整。过去分词作宾补表示该动词与宾语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，它对宾补作进一步的补充说明。,We think,him,clever,.,What he said made,me,angry,.,They consider,the,answer,correct,.,Everyone calls,him,Tom.,宾语,宾补,带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：,某些及物动词,+,直接宾语,+,宾语补足语,His,father named him,Daming,.,They,painted their house,white,.,You,mustnt force him,to,lend,his,money,to,you,.,4.Nobody noticed him,enter the room.,5,.We saw her,entering,the,room,.,(名词),(动词不定式),(现在分词或其短语),(形容词),(省略to的动词不定式),哪些可以做宾补？,5.We must get the work,finished,by,10 oclock.,6.We take English,as a useful tool,for research work.,7.Whenever you may go,you will,find him,at work,.,8.Let the fresh air,in,.,9.The plant has its own name.You,cannot call it,what you will,.,(过去分词),(用,as,引出),(介词短语),(副词),(从句),作宾语补足语的,过去分词与宾语,之间的关系,1.,及物动词(短语),的过去分词用作宾语补足语时,宾语即是过去分词的逻辑宾语,宾语和过去分词,之间存在逻辑上的,被动,关系。,I want,the letter,posted,.,我想把这封信寄出去。,2.少数,不及物动词,如 go,change,fall 等的,过去分词作宾语补足语时,仅表示,动作完成,。,因此,宾语与过去分词之间,不,存在逻辑上,的被动关系。,She found,her ring,gone,on her way home.,在回家的路上,她发现项链不见了。,3.动词,seat,hide,dress,等的过去分词作宾语补足语一般表示,状语,而,不,表示被动的意义,因此,虽然宾语与它们存在逻辑上的主动关系,但也只能用它们的过去分词作宾语补足语。,如:When I came in,I found a strange girl,seated,in the corner.,我进来时,发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。,过去分词作,宾语补足语,Eileen,使役动词get,have,make,keep,leave,等后,可用过去分词做宾语补足语,表：,“致使某人或某事被,We should,keep,them,informed,of what is going on here.,Jane,got,her,bad tooth,pulled,out,at the dentists.,I had my hair _yesterday.,cut,The house is broken.,Please get the house _(mend)now.,mended,He,got,his leg,injured,.,He,got,his glasses,broken.,He,got,his camera,damaged,.,He,got,his wallet,stolen,.,I,had,my recorder,repaired,.,(I asked,somebody else,to repair it.),I had the room cleaned,.,(,I,organized it.),He had his foot injured.,(,something bad happened,.),Have+,宾语,+,过去分词作宾补的用法,have+宾语过去分词的几种含义,Note1,1.意为“主语请别人做某事。例如：,He wants to have his eyes examined tomorrow.,2.意为“主语遭遇、遭受某一不愉快、不测的事情。,Be careful,or youll have your hands hurt.,3.意为“使完成某事，事情既可以是别人做完，也可以由主语参与完成,He had the walls painted this morning.,他今早把墙漆了。主语自己可能参与,2.感官动词feel,find,hear,notice,see,watch,等表示感觉和心理状态的动词之后,表:“感受到某人或某事被做。,I was sleeping when I heard,my name,called.,He was disappointed to find his suggestions,turned down.,Note 2,I saw Yan Feng _,I saw Yan Feng _.,I saw Yan Feng _,(to)do:整个过程,-ed:被动,(完成),-ing:主动,(进行),现在分词、过去分词与不定式作补语的区别,+宾补,playing,basketball.,play,basketball,beaten,by a little boy.,I saw him _.,scold,scolded by his mother,I saw _.,bite,him bitten by a dog,I saw _.,rob,her robbed by a man,Fill in the blanks.,I heard someone _me.,I heard my name _.,I found Tom _ the window.,I found the window _.,calling,called,break,broken,3.表示“意欲;命令的动词如:like,order,want,wish,相当于过去分词短语前省略了to be,表示“希望/要求某人或某事被做。,I,wish,these letters,(to be),typed,as soon as possible.,He didnt,want,such question,discussed,at the meeting.,The father wants his daughter taught the piano.,4.“with 宾语+,With so much homework _(do),I cant go out.,to do,doing,done,to do,With my homework,_(do),I went to bed,early yesterday.,done,.“with 宾语过去分词结构中,过去分词,用作介词 with 的宾语补足语。这一结构通常,在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。,The murderer was brought in,with his hands,tied,behind his back.(表方式),With water,heated,we can see the steam.,(表条件),With the matter,settled,we all went home.(表原因),注意：,在这一结构中,当宾语为某一身体部位,且作,宾补的动词是及物动词时,身体部位通常是,过去分词的逻辑宾语,因而过去分词不可换用,现在分词,。,She stood in front of him,with her eyes,fixed,on his face.她站在他面前,眼睛注视着他。,(fix ones eyes on 为固定短语),He stood for an instant with his hand still,raised,.,他仍然举着手站了一会儿。,当用某些不及物动词的分词形式作身体部位的宾补时,用现在分词的形式。,She felt her heart beating fast.,她觉得心跳很快。,(beat 意为“心跳,是不及物动词),省略to的情况：,1)情态动词(除ought 外,ought to);,2)使役动词 let,have,make;,3)感官动词 see,watch,look at,notice,observe,hear,listen to,smell,feel,find 等后作宾补,省略to。注意:在被动语态中那么to不能省掉。,I saw him dance.=He was seen to dance.,The boss made them work the whole night.,=They were made to work the whole night.,Note 3,有时过去分词作宾补可以变为被动,语态,这时过去分词改,作主语补足语,说明主语所处的状态。,The door was found,broken.,Her bag was found,stolen,when,she woke up.,Note 4,1)Being poor at English,Im afraid,I cant make myself _.,A.understand,B.to understand,C.understanding,D.understood,D,2)I have had my bike _,and,Im going to have somebody,_ my radio tomorrow.,A.repair;to repair,B.repairing;to be repaired,C.repaired;repair,D.to repair;repairing,C,3)You must get the work _,before Friday.,A.do B.to do,C.doing,D,.done,D,4)_ the room,the nurse,found the tape-recorder _.,A.Entering;stealing,B.Entering;stolen,C.To have entered;being stolen,D.Having entered;to be stolen,B,5)We are pleased to see the,problem _ so quickly.,A.settled,B.having been settled,C.be settled,D.settling,settle 解决,A,6.Mrs.Brown was much disappointed,to see the washing machine she had had,_ went wrong again.,A.it B.it repaired,C.repaired D.to be repaired,C,7.With a lot of difficult problems _,the newlyelected president is having,a hard time.,A.settled B.settling,C.to settle D.being settled,8.With trees,flowers and grass _,everywhere,my native town had taken,on