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Unit 2,People on the move,Grammar and usage,模块十,Unit 2Grammar and usage模块十,agriculture,2.cost of living,3.industrialization,4.industrialized,5.rural,6.urban,农业,生活成本（费用）,工业化,工业化的,农村的,城市的,Revision,agriculture 农业生活成,城市化的,迁移模式,现代化,生活水平,7.urbanization,8.migration pattern,9.modernization,10.living standards,城市化的迁移模式现代化生活水平7.urbanization,The elements of a paragraph,Topic sentence,Supporting sentences,Concluding sentence,The elements of a paragraph To,1.,Topic sentence,Each paragraph should have a point.This is usually expressed in a topic sentence,which clearly states what information the paragraph will give.,e.g.Young adults give many different reasons for moving to cities.,1.Topic sentence,主题句,(,Topic sentence,),每一个段落都应有一个要点，该要点通常由主题句表达。主题句应清楚地陈述本段落的信息。,主题句通常是段落的第一句。然而，并不是所有的段落都有主题句。例如有时一个段落延续了前一段落的主题，而前一段落已有主题句了。,主题句(Topic sentence)每一个段落都应有,Most of the young people who head for big cities say the same thing“I want to have fun.”,Ambition can drive some young people to the city to be where the big companies are.,Most of the young people who h,Not all paragraphs have a topic sentence.,This is sometimes the case when,for example,a paragraph is continuing a topic introduced in the previous paragraph,which contained a topic sentence.,Not all paragraphs have a topi,The topic sentence is usually the first,sentence of a paragraph.,However,in the,first paragraph of an essay,a story or an,article,the topic sentence may follow a,hook.To grab the attention of readers,we,can use a hook,which is often an,interesting fact,a question or a quotation.,e.g.Older Americans are on the move.,The topic sentence is usually,This woman feels that for older people moving somewhere warmer makes,sense.,The community here understands the needs of older people,says one man in Florida.,This woman feels that for olde,When people go outside,their hands feel cold and numb.Winter has come!,a Autumn passes too quickly.,b Autumn leaves are beautiful.,When people go outside,their,analytical skills,but not creative skills.Many jobs require creative skills,and arts students have more creative skills than those who focus on science.To me,this is evidence of the importance of teaching the arts in our schools.,a School should teach maths and science.,b Arts education is a necessary part of school.,analytical skills,but not cre,2.,Supporting sentences,The topic sentence should be followed by sentences which help explain or prove it For example:,For decades,Florida has been attracting older residents.,In fact,according to the national population survey conducted in 2000,Florida was home to the largest population of people aged 65 and older.,2.Supporting sentences,支撑句,(,Supporting sentences,),主题句后应跟有对其加以解释或证明的支撑句。,段落中支撑句的排列顺序应该是有逻辑的。我们可以使用过渡词语将每个句子与前后的句子连接。可使用的过渡词语包括：,for example,for instance,furthermore,first,on the other hand,however,but,和,also,等。,支撑句(Supporting sentences)主题,The sentences in a paragraph should be listed in an order that makes sense.,We can use,transitions,to link each sentences to the previous or following ones.Transitions we can use include,for example,for instance,furthermore,first,second,on the other hand,however,and,also,.,The sentences in a paragraph s,Florida is a popular choice for these people because of the climate and the states relatively flat landscape.,However,as the number of older Americans moving there increases,more changes are made to cater to them.,For example,ambulance response time has decreased,and many houses have bathrooms designed for elderly homeowners,with things like walk-in bathtubs that reduce the risk of slips and falls.,Florida is a popular choice fo,3.,Concluding sentence,A paragraph should end with one sentence that respects the topic in a new way.We can also use the concluding sentence to express a final idea about the topic or to help introduce the topic of the next paragraph.,Across the USA,people are noticing the same thing:young people want to live in cities.,3.Concluding sentence,结论句,(,Concluding sentence,),段落应以一句用新方式来重复主题的句子结尾。我们也可以用结束句来表达关于这个主题的最后想法，或用它来帮助引入下一段的主题。,结论句(Concluding sentence)段落应,4.A hook,Read the second paragraph under the subtitle of“Bright lights,big city”and identify the topic sentence and supporting sentences in it.Why a question is used at the beginning of the paragraph,and whether the question“where are all the young people”is the topic sentence of the paragraph or not.Ask the students to find out the answer to this question:there are almost no young people in a small Midwestern town;they have all moved to live in cities.,4.A hook,A question instead of an affirmative sentence here can catch readers eyes and make reader more interested in the topic.A question like this is called,a hook.,Read both the instructions and Part 1 in this section.Make sure that you know what function of a topic sentence is what a hook is.Then,read the two paragraphs in Part A and identify the topic sentence for each one.,A question instead of an affir,Read the following passage and choose the best topic
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