主谓一致就近原则

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,定义：,谓语,动词的,数,必须和,主语,的人称和数保持一致,这就叫主谓一致,.,定义：,分类,1.,语法一致,：,语法形式,是单数的主语，谓语动词用单数形式，语法形式是复数的主语，谓语动词用复数形式。,2.,意义一致,：,主、谓语的一致不是根据其外部语法形态来决定，而是取决于主语所表达的,内在含义,。,3.,就近原则,：离谓语动词,最近,的名词决定,分类1.语法一致：语法形式是单数的主语，谓语动词用单数形式，,语法一致原则,1.,不可数名词，动名词，动词不定式，单个从句做主语，谓语动词用单数。,This,information,is very important.,Seeing,is believing.,To see,is to believe.,That he is important,is true.,语法一致原则1.不可数名词，动名词，动词不定式，单个从句做,由,and,链接两个主语,.,由,and,链接两个主语,表达,两个不同,概念时,V,复数,表达,一个,概念时，,V,单数,由and 链接两个主语表达两个不同概念时,V复数表达一个概,The worker and writer _ from Wuhan.,那个工人兼作家,(be),The worker and,the,writer,_,from Beijing.(be),那位工人和那位作家,Bread and butter _ a kind of daily food in the West.(be),Early to bed,early to rise_ a man healthy,wealthy and wise.(make),The worker and writer _ fro,2),every and every,each and each,no and no,many a and many a,连接两个单数名词作主语,谓语用单数。,Every,desk,and,every,chair is made of wood.,Many a,boy and,many a girl,has made the same,mistake.,2),and,链接两个完整的句子，谓语动词用复数；连接两个省略的句子谓语动词用单数。,What he said and what he did,have,nothing to do with me.,What I do and say,is,my own business.,and 链接两个完整的句子，谓语动词用复数；连接两个省略的,3.,N1+prep+N2,谓语动词由,N1,决定,with,along with,together with,rather than,As well as,like/unlike,（不像）,including,besides,except,but(,除了,之外,),in addition to(,除了,),1.The teacher with his students _(be)playing basketball now.,2.The teacher _(be)playing basketball with his students now.,3.Tom rather than you _(be)hired as manager of the company.,4.A library including 5000books _offered to the nation.,3.N1+prep+N2 谓语动词由N1决定,4.,不定代词,做主语，谓语动词用单数,something,somebody,someone,anything,anybody,anyone,everything,everybody,everyone,things,nothing,nobody,no one,neither,either,Attention:,none,作主语时，谓语动词可单可复,有时需要参照表语,None of them _workers.,_a worker.,4.不定代词做主语，谓语动词用单数,(2)All,作主语时，指人,V,复 全体人员，所有的人,指物,V,单 全部所有事物,All of my brothers like playing basketball.,All I want is a room of my own.,This is all I want.,Translation,：,All are silent.,All is silent,(2)All作主语时，指人 V复 全体人员，所有的人,5.Many a,more than one+,可数名词，,V,单,e.g.,More than one student,was,late for shool.,Many a boy,likes,playing basketball.,5.Many a,more than one+可数,6.,this/a,kind,of,a,type,of,a,sort,of,a,pair,of,a,piece,of +n.V,单,two,kinds,of,two,types,of V,复数,即以这些,名词本身,的单复数而定。,This kind,of books sells well.,This pair,of trousers fits me well.,Attention:,Books,(of this kind)sell well.,6.this/a kind of,a type of,7.,one of/the only one of,在定语从句中,需要先找出,先行词。,He is one of,the students,who _late for school.(be),他是迟到的学生当中的一个。（迟到的学生不止一个）,He is,the only one,（,of the students)who _late for school.(be),他是学生当中唯一一个迟到的。（只有一个人迟到）,7.one of/the only one of,8.,One or two+,可数名词复数,V,复,One+,可数名词单数,+or+two V,单,e.g.,Only one or two students,go,to university in that village.,Only one student or two,goes,to university in that village.,8.One or two+可数名词复数 V 复,意义一致,表示数量，金钱，距离,时间等复数形式作主语时，看做一个整体，谓语动词用单数。,Ten thousand years _ too long a time.,意义一致表示数量，金钱，距离,时间等复数形式作主语时，看做,在四则运算当中，,一般情况下：谓语动词都用,单数,Two,and,three,are/is,five.,Two,plus,two,is,four.,Ten,minus,five,is,five.,Two,times,two,is,four.2x2=4,Ten,divided by,five,is,two.,在四则运算当中，,2.The+adj.,属于一类人，,V,复,The poor live a miserable life.,The young are lively.,3.,有些学科名词虽然以,s,结尾，但是单数名词，,V,单,Maths,physics,politics,Maths is my favorite subject.,2.The+adj.属于一类人，V复,4.,用作书名，报名，国家名，地区名的复数名词看做一个整体，,V,单,The United States is a developed country.,5.all,both,part,half,rest,，百分数等,+of+n.,谓语动词由,n.,的单复数决定,Both of the books are bought for you.,The rest of the money is coming next week.,4.用作书名，报名，国家名，地区名的复数名词看做一个整体，V,6.,集合名词做主语，谓语动词分两种情况,若强调整体，,V,单；若强调个体成员，,V,复,注：,family,，,group,，,class,team,government,army,club,public,Our class _ very big.(be),Our class _listening to their teacher attentively.(be),6.集合名词做主语，谓语动词分两种情况,7.Police,people,cattle,trousers,clothes,做主语，,V,复,The police are searching for the thief.,8.A number of+,n.,V,复 大量的，很多,The,number,of+n.V,单,的数目,7.Police,people,cattle,9.,对于,单复数同形,的名词，要先根据上下文来判断名词的单复数，然后确定谓语动词的单复数。,Deer sheep means series fish works(,工厂,)crossroads(,十字路口,),等等,Every,means _ been tried.,All,means _ been tried.,9.对于单复数同形的名词，要先根据上下文来判断名词的单复数,plastics(,塑料制品,),manners,thanks,（感谢）,goods,（货物）,statistics,（统计数字）,glasses,（眼镜）,trousers,（裤子）,shorts,（短裤）,compasses(,圆规,),等，只用复数形式。,Plastics _like metal.,（,not rust,）,Manners _important to happy relationship.(be),plastics(塑料制品),manners,thank,就近原则,定义：哪个名词离谓语动词最近，谓语动词就和谁保持一致,Or,either or,neither nor,not only but also,not but(,不是,而是,),Whether or(,不论,还是,),_either you or I right?,Not the teacher but the students are doing a survey in the school.,就近原则定义：哪个名词离谓语动词最近，谓语动词就和谁保持一,2.there be,句型,There,is,a chair and two desks in the classroom.,There,are,two desks and a chair in the classroom.,2.there be 句型,