2022届高考英语词类专题ppt课件

词类,词类,1,My,hometown,Dengfeng,is,an,ancient,and,beautiful,city,.,My hometown,Dengfeng,is an a,My,hometown,Dengfeng,is,an,ancient,and,beautiful,city,.,物主代词,名词,名词,动词,冠词词,形容词,连词,形容词,名词,物主代词名词名词动词冠词词形容词连词形容词名词,2022届高考英语词类专题ppt课件,01,名词,noun(n.),表示人或事物的名称,名词又分为专有名词和普通名词,专有名词是表示个人、机构、组织、地方、国家等的专有名称。专有名词的第一个字母要大写。如：,Gina,China,。,普通名词：,1),个体名词,：表示具体的人或物。如：,student,book.,2),集体名词,：表示若干个体组成的集体。如：如：,people,class,police,3),物质名词,：表示无法分为个体的实物。如：,tea.water.,4),抽象名词,：表示状态，品质，感情等抽象概念的词。如,:wealth,news,pride,01名词 noun(n.)表示人或事物的名称,02,冠词,Article(art.),用于名词前，帮助说明名词所指的人或物,冠词不能离开名词而单独存在，分为定冠词、不定冠词和零冠词。,定冠词,(the),通常有明确的所指，即以说话人和听话人已知的人或事物为前提，可与单可、复可或不可放一起使用。,不定冠词,(a/an),有不确定的意义，即所说的人或事物对听者或者读者来说可能是不知道的，不定冠词只能与单数可数名词结合。,02冠词 Article(art.)用于名词前，帮助说明名,03,代词,pronoun(pron.),用于代替名词以及起名词作用的短语、分句或句子等,代词,人称,代词,物主,代词,相互,代词,反身,代词,指示,代词,不定,代词,03代词 pronoun(pron.)用于代替名词以及起名,相互代词,表示相互关系的代词叫相互代词，有,each other,和,one another,两组，但在运用中，这两组词区别不大。,相互代词表示相互关系的代词叫相互代词，有each other,11,不定代词,不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做,不定代词,。常见的不定代词,有,all,both,each,等,以及含有,some-,any-,every-,no-,加上,body,one,thing,的合成代词,如,anybody,something,everyone,.这些不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词,在句中作主语,宾语,表语和定语.,不定代词不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词。常见的不,12,04,形容词,Adjective(adj.),用于修饰名词，表示人或事物的特征。,adjective,noun,04形容词 Adjective(adj.)用于修饰名词，表,-less,jobless,homeless,meaningless,useless,-ful,beautiful,harmful,hopeful,wonderful,-ic,&,-ical,historic,fantastic,historical,economical,-ous,dangerous,delicious,famous,curious,-ing&,-ed,tiring,tired,exciting,excited,amusing,amused,-al,&,-ial,n,ational,personal,special,natural,-y,w,indy,sunny,rainy,noisy,dusty,dirty,lucky.,-able,&,-ible,(,通常加在动词后：“可以被,”，“值得,”）,d,rinkable,eatable,reliable,available.,(,加在名词后：“具有,性质的”）,comfortable,responsible,possible,-ent,&,-ant,different,fluent,important,distant,-less-ful-ic&-ical-ous-ing&,05,数词,Numeral(num.),表示数量或顺序。,基数词表示数目的多少,如,one,eight,one hundred and one,。,序数词表示事物的先后顺序，往往与定冠词,the,连用,如,first,fifth,eighth,ninth,twentieth,twenty-first,21,st,one hundred and first 101,st,.,05数词 Numeral(num.)表示数量或顺序。,06,动词,Verb(v.),表示动作或状态。,动词,实义动词,及物动词,不及物动词,系动词,情态动词,助动词,06动词 Verb(v.)表示动作或状态。动词实义动词及,系动词,系动词,Be,动词,am,is,are,was,were,感官系动词,feel,taste,sound,smell,look,变化系动词,become,get,turn,grow,go,持续系动词,keep,stay,remain,表象系动词,seem,appear,系动词 系动词Be 动词am,is,are,was,wer,情态动词,带有情感和态度的动词，因此具有实际意义，但是不能单独作谓语。,如：,can/could/may/might/will/would/shall/should/have to/had better/would rather,等。,情态动词带有情感和态度的动词，因此具有实际意义，但是不能单独,助动词,只是用来帮助谓语动词构成疑问、否定、被动句，或用来帮助谓语动词构成某种时态的动词，没有实际意义。,如：,shall,will,be,have,do.,助动词只是用来帮助谓语动词构成疑问、否定、被动句，或用来帮助,07,副词,Adverb(adv.),用于修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全句的词。,adverb,verb,adjective,sentence,时间副词,:now,soon,early,recently,地点副词：,here,outside,nearby,方式副词,:fast,slowly,hard,程度副词：,almost,nearly,very,频度副词,:always,often,seldom,never,07副词 Adverb(adv.)用于修饰动词、形容词、其,形容词变副词,绝大多数副词都是派生词，即由形容词加后缀,-ly,构成，如,carefulcarefully,angryangrily,politepolitely,recentrecently,等。当然也有些副词与形容词同形，如,late,early,fast,hard,等,。,形容词变副词绝大多数副词都是派生词，即由形容词加后缀-ly构,08,介词,Preposition(prep.),表示名词、代词等与句中其他词的关系。,表示方位的介词,：,on,above,under,below,over,表示时间的介词：,at,on,in,before,after,since,until,表示,原因,的,介词：,for,表示方法的介词：,by,with,through,表示数量的介词：,about,around,over,表示运动方向的介词：,across,through,08介词 Preposition(prep.)表示名词、代,09,连词,Conjunction(conj.),用于连接词与词、短语与短语或句与句。,连词主要分为并列连词和从属连词,1.,并列连词,：是指用于连接并列的单词、短语、从句或句子的连词。,常见的并列连词有：,and,but,for,or,so,both and ,not only but also,neither nor,等，,eg,：,Are you going to have a picnic on Saturday or on Sunday?,He got up early this morning,but still hes late for school.,09连词 Conjunction(conj.)用于连接词与词,2.,从属连词：是指用于引导从句的连词。常见的从属连词有：,when,while,as,after,before,until,if,because,although,as soon as,等，,eg,：,Adam always finishes his homework before he plays football.,She cant go to school because she is ill today.,注,:,在同一个句子中，,though(although),与,but,because,与,so,不可同时使用。,2.从属连词：是指用于引导从句的连词。常见的从属连词有：wh,2022届高考英语词类专题ppt课件,Which category do they fall into?,him,those,before,or,friendly,helpful,animal,health,sadness,behind,does,shall,idea,know,information,China,dangerous,third,fifty,himself,but,will,everyone,herself,each other,become,Practice,Which category do they fall in,Frank,quickly,seven,beside,wow,angrily,friendly,hers,deep,late,and,settle,finger,catch,sometimes,one another,Frankquicklysevenbesidewowangr,三、给下列句子中每个单词标出词性。,1.Mary dances well.,2 His father is reading.,3 Tom is looking for his watch.,4 He often plays violin after school.,5 Mr.Green works in a university.,6 The teacher taught us an English song.,7 I bought this pen two years ago.,8 Nothing can live without water.,9 You may keep this dictionary for two weeks.,10 You can,t agree with me.,三、给下列句子中每个单词标出词性。,Homework,a.,补充完整课堂笔记,b.P92,后半部分,c.,预习句子成分,Homework,