九限定词Determiners-课件

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,九、限定词(,Determiners),Words that precede any pre-modifying adjectives in a noun phrase and which denote such referential meanings(,所指意义),as specific reference(,特指),genetic reference(,类指),definite quantity(,确定数量),or indefinite quantity are referred to as determiners.,1,九、限定词(Determiners)Words,1、Classification of determiners,Determiners,as a class of words,includes:,Definite Article,Indefinite Article,Zero Article.,Possessive Determiner(,物主限定词):,my,your,his,her,our,their,ones,its,Genitive Noun(,名词属格):,Johns,my friends,Demonstrative Determiner(,指示限定词):,this,that,these,those,such,Relative Determiner(,关系限定词):,whose,which,Interrogative Determiner(,疑问限定词):,what,which,whose,2,1、Classification of determiner,Indefinite Determiner(,不定限定词):,no,some,any,each,every,enough,either,neither,all,both,half,several,many,much,a few,a little,other,another,Cardinal Numeral,&,Ordinal Numeral(,基数词和序数词),Multiplicative Numeral,&,Fractional Numeral(,倍数词和分数词),Quantifier(,量词):,a lot of,lots of,plenty of,a great deal of,a large quantity of,etc.,As for the Articles,weve discussed in lecture8,and for Numeral,well discuss it,3,Indefinite Determiner(不定限定词):3,in the following lecture,in details.Here were going to concentrate on the other kinds of determiners.,2、A comparative study of some determiners,a(n),&,one,这两个词都指“一个”，但有所不同，,a(n),是指任何一个，着重类别；,one,指不是一个或两个，着重数量：,Is the man over there an Englishman？,The drum will collapse at a/one blow.,Im just one player on the team.,both,&all,两个词均可译作“都”，但是指两个人或物时只能用,both，,三个及其以上的人或事物时要用,all：,4,in the following lecture in,My brother bought me“Uncle Toms Cabin”and“The Sun Also Rises”.I like both books.,作为限定词使用的,both,和,all,所修饰的名词若还有物主代词或定冠词修饰时，要把,both,或,all,放在它们的前面：,all the world，all my life，all that afternoon，For example：,Both the(his)students smiled.,All,和,both,可用,of,结构,后面是名词时,of,可省去,但若后面是人称代词时,of,不能省略：,Both of them are fond of and good at physics.,all,&whole,all,与表示时间的名词连用时,用不用,the,都可以,但在否定句中通常不用：,I couldnt sleep all night.,5,My brother bought me“Unc,Whole,后面不能接复数可数名词,代词或专有名词：,We cant say：whole inhabitants（,全体居民）,or whole China，or whole it.,But we can say：all the inhabitants,the whole of China(,指领土),or all China(,指各地区或全国同胞),the whole of it.,what,&which,What,为泛指限定词,which,为特指限定词,在用于指“什么”时,一般来说,what,用来指不定数目中的“什么”，,which,则指一定数目中的“什么”：,1、_,car do you like best among the ones made in China?,a.What,b.,Which c.Whose d.Whats,2、What kind of sports do you like?,6,Whole 后面不能接复数可数名词,代词或专有名词：6,但实际上,what,也用来指确定数目的“什么”,比如一年有四季,十二个月,一星期有七天,等等:,What season do you like best?,What day of the week is today?,Which,则常用于事先计算的场合:,Which day of the week does May Day fall on this year?,some,&any,两个词都有“一些,若干,几分,一点儿”之意,some,常用于肯定句,any,用于疑问句，否定句和条件句。但是，,some,也可用于疑问句表示劝请，命令或预期的肯定的回答等，而,any,在作“任何”解时，可用在肯定句中的单复数名词前：,Will you have some tea?Or youll be thirsty very soon.,You may take any pictures you like.,7,但实际上,what 也用来指确定数目的“什么”,比如一年,other,&another,两个词都可以修饰单数可数名词。,Another,是指三个以上不定数量中的另一个，而,other,前面要加定冠词,the，the other,指两者中的另一个。,Other（,其它，另外）后面一般跟复数名词：,We had a party last month,and it was a lot of fun,so lets have another one this month.,I see there are some clean cups on the table.Can you get me another one since this is dirty?,He has a book in one hand,and a pen in the other one.,There are other ways of doing this exercise.,Note:,在,other,前还可用,any,every,no,some,等词修饰，后面所修饰名词可用单数。如：,some other time,on,other book,any other pen,8,other&another8,No one,&none,No one,表示“一个也没有”只能指人，它只代表单数可数名词，接单数动词，很少和,of,短语连用，,none,可以指人也可指物，既可代表可数名词，也可代表不可数名词。当,none,代表单数时，用单数动词；代表复数时，用复数动词。,None,后面常跟,of,短语。,For example：,None of the girls came on the trip.,It is surprising that no one in my class has heard about the accident.,None of us is wholly blameless.,many,much,a lot of,lots of,&plenty of,表示“多”的意思，可用,many,much,a lot of,lots of,plenty of,a good/great many,a large amount of,等。作为限定词,many,和,a good/great many,之后须跟,9,No one&none9,复数名词，,much,和,a large amount of,之后须跟不可数名词：,Many animals have diseases.,A rocket has many parts.,Many information is now transmitted through E-mail.,We have a great many questions to discuss at the meeting.,We are going to spend a large amount of money on childrens education.,Note:,many,much,a great many,等既可用作限定词,也可用作不定代词：,Have you done all these exercises？,No，I havent done very much.,10,复数名词，much 和a large amount,Has she read any English novels in the original?,-Yes,a great many.,a few,&a little,表示“少”的意思，可用(,a)few,(a)little,既可用作限定词,又可用作不定代词。,A few，a little,表示“少量”，带有肯定含意：,Lets invite a few friends to come with us.,Here are a few more books on this subject.,I had a little difficulty in solving the problem.,few/little,若不与,a,连用表示否定意义,相当于,not many/much,not enough：,I have very few chocolates left.,I understand little of his speech.,Note:,quite a few,a good few,not a few,不表示“少”,11,Has she read any English no,而表示“相当多”的含义,相当于,a fair number(of)：,Quite a few of us are getting worried.,Youll have to wait a good few weeks.,Each,&every,each,强调个体性,表示“各自不同”；,every,强调整体的一致性，表示“大家一致”；,each,用来指两个或两个以上的人或事物，,every,着重表