高考英语阅读理解解题技巧课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Welcome to My Class,阅读理解的解题策略与技巧,Welcome to My Class阅读理解的解题策略与技,Learning Tasks,1.,掌握高考阅读理解的解题技巧及策略,2.,运用所学方法完成相关练习。,Learning Tasks1.掌握高考阅读理解的解题技巧及,考生能读懂有关日常生活话题的简短文字材料，如,公告,、,说明,、,广告,以及,书,报,杂志,中关于一般性话题的简短文章,并能从中获取相关的信息。,1,理解主旨和要义,2,理解文中具体信息,3,根据上下文推断生词的词义,4,作出简单判断和推理,5,理解文章的基本结构,6,理解作者的意图,观点和态度,考纲要求,考生能读懂有关日常生活话题的简短文字材料，如公告、说明、广告,识别文体,应用文,导语提携全文,议论文,总,-,分,-,总,（论点论据结论）,说明文,主题句,（首中尾）,记叙文,记叙文六要素,识别文体应用文导语提携全文议论文 总-分-总（论点论据,（,一）题材选择：人文性，时代性,人与人，人与社会，自我教育感恩，励志，生活态度，思维方式，价值取向,（二）体裁选择：四大主流文体,议论文，说明文，应用文，记叙文,（三）篇幅选择：,文章长度：,280350,词,题材特点,（一）题材选择：人文性，时代性 题材特点,主旨大意型,事实细节型,词 义 猜 测 型,题目类型,推 理 判 断 型,主旨大意型事实细节型 词,解题策略,跳读：,就是快速的一步阅读法。实际上是有选择阅读，找关键词。用这种阅读方法回答,who,、,what,、,when,、,where,之类的问题最为有效。,略读：,指比跳读慢些的二步阅读法。即泛泛地、粗略地快速阅读，目的是了解大意，对文章有个总的概念。此种阅读方法能回答,why,、,how,之类的问题。,精读：,即最细致、最慢的深层阅读方法，目的是求得对所读文章的全部意义的理解与掌握。,解题策略 跳读：就是快速的一步阅读法。实际上是有选择阅读，找,方法点拨,先题后文法,:,1.,先读题时只能读问题或题干，不读问题后的选项。,2.,读题时要把问题记在心里，并带着这些问题去阅读短文。,3.,在带着问题读短文时，对文中出现的那些与问题有关的词句，用铅笔作些记号，以便为下一步选择作好准备。,4.,读完短文之后，紧接着便选择答案。,方法点拨先题后文法:,主旨大意题,可能是文中某个具体事实或细节,。,可能是从文中某些 事 实或细节,片面推出的,错误结论。,可能属非文章事实的主观臆断。,解题关键,。找主题句，每段的主题句(,常在首句、尾句、首尾句、段落中和归纳分析,),一般都用来表示一个段落的主旨大意。,干扰项,主旨大意题 可能是文中某个具体事实或,1),What does the writer,mainly,tell us?,2)Which of the following best expresses the main idea?,3)Which is the subject discussed in the text?,4)Whats the best title for this passage?,主旨大意题,的常见的提问形式:,1)What does the writer mainly,Eg.1,Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health.Experiments show that cigarette smoking can cause cancer.Besides,cigarette smoking also can cause other health problems.For example,it can give one a“smokers cough”.Finally,studies have shown it is easy for cigarette smokers to catch colds.Whether you get an unimportant cold or terrible killer,cancer,smoking is harmful.Is it worth it?,议论文,总,-,分,-,总,55,What is,the main idea,?,A.cigarette smoking can cause cancer,B.smoking can cause the most seriousand terrible disease(illness),C.smoking also can cause other health problems,D.smoking is harmful.,Eg.1 Smoking cigarettes is har,E,g.2,Tom studied four years at the University of Paris and decided to leave before his graduation.He transferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors.Harvard Law School and,later,Boston College provided him with an excellent legal background.He is presently a corporation lawyer in Miami,Florida.,The main idea,of this paragraph is that _.,A.Tom,who had studied at Paris Universities for four years,moved to another university.B.Tom became a lawyer since his graduation from Harvard Law School and later from Boston College.C.Tom was an excellent student when he studied at Berlin university.D.Tom received an excellent education.,detail,detail,detail,Eg.2 Tom studied four years,文章中心是,论点,，事实细节是,论据,或,主要理由,；有关细节的问题常对文中某个词语、某句子、某段落等细节及事实进行提问，所提问题一般可,直接,或,间接,在文章中找到答案,。,提问的特殊疑问词常有：,what,who,which,where,how,why,等,。,事实细节型,解题原则,：,忠实于原文上下文及全篇的逻辑关系，决不能主观臆断,。,文章中心是论点，事实细节是论据或主要理由；有关,事实细节题,范围过大、过小。,偷换概念。,正误并存，某个分句是正确的。,解题方法,:原文定位法,。,查读法：带着问题寻找答案，把注意力集中在与,who,what,when,where,问题有关的细节上。,细心！,干扰项,事实细节题范围过大、过小。偷换概念。正误并存，某个分句是,1,）,Which of the following statements is,true,?,2,）,Which of the following,is,not,mentioned in,the text?,3,）,According to,the passage,when(where,why,how,who,what,which,etc.)_?,事实细节题,的常见命题方式：,1）Which of the following state,1.The terrible pain Kahlo suffered was caused by,_.,A.polio B.her bent spine,C.back injuriesD.the operations she had,Born in 1907 in a village near Mexico City,Frida Kahlo suffered from polio(,小儿麻痹症,)at the age of seven.Her spine(,脊柱,)became bent as she grew older.Then,in 1925,her back was broken in several places in a school-bus accident.Throughout the rest of her life,the artist had many operations,but nothing was able to cure the terrible pain in her back.,1.The terrible pain Kahlo suf,2.Kahlos style had become increasingly independent since the _.,A.1930s B.1940s C.1950s D.1960s,In 1929,she got married to Diego Rivera,another famous Mexican artist.Riveras strong influence on Kahlos style can be seen in her early works,but her later works from the 1940s,known today as her best works,show less influence from her husband.,2.Kahlos style had become in,生活,常识,上下文,对比,转折,因果,关系,同位,关系,同义词,反义词,构词法,定义,猜,How to guess the meaning of words?,词义猜测型,生活上下文对比因果同位同义词构词法定义猜How to gue,同义法,常在词或短语之间有并列连词,and,或,or，,它们连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的，由此可以推测。,反义法,如,hot and cold,give and receive,等，或前句为肯定，后句为否定。总之，词与词间都起着互为线索的作用。,释义法,对文章中的生词用定语（从句）、表语甚至于用逗号、破折号等标点符号引出并加以解释说明。,解题策略,情景推断法、代词替代法,等,同义法 常在词或短语之间有并列连词and或or,词义猜测题,的常见命题方式：,1)The underlined word in the,paragraph,refers to/means,_.,2)“_”could best,be replaced by,which of the following?,3)The word“_,is closest in meaning to,_.,词义猜测题的常见命题方式：1)The underlined,Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word,“,illiterate,”,A.repeat B.reiterated,C.uneducated D.sick,eg1:,Most women in Ghana the educated and,illiterate,the urban and rural,the young and old work to earn an income in addition to maintaini