战略管理竞争与全球化Chapter4Slides课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,PPT,文档演模板,Office,PPT,14 十一月 2024,战略管理竞争与全球化Chapter4Slides,Chapter 4,Business Level,Strategy,Sustainable,Competitive,Advantage,Chapter 2,External Environment,Chapter 3,Internal Environment,Core,Competency,The,resources,and,capabilities,that have been determined to be a source of competitive advantage for a firm over its rivals.,Strategy,An integrated and coordinated set of actions taken to exploit core competencies and gain a competitive advantage.,Core,Competency,The resources and capabilities that have been determined to be a source of competitive advantage for a firm over its rivals.,Strategy,An integrated and coordinated set of actions taken to exploit core competencies and gain a competitive advantage.,Business Level Strategy,Actions taken to provide value to customers and gain a competitive advantage by exploiting core competencies in specific,individual product markets.,Core,Competency,The resources and capabilities that have been determined to be a source of competitive advantage for a firm over its rivals.,Generic Business Level Strategies,Cost,Uniqueness,Source of Competitive Advantage,Breadth of Competitive Scope,Broad,Target,Market,Narrow,Target,Market,Focused Differen-,tiation,Cost,Leadership,Differen-,tiation,Focused Low Cost,Cost,Leadership,Key Criteria:,Cost Leadership,Business Level Strategy,Relatively standardized products,Features acceptable to many customers,Lowest competitive price,Requirements:,Constant effort to,reduce costs,through:,Building efficient scale facilities,State of the art manufacturing facilities,Simplification of processes,Minimizing costs of sales,R&D and service,Monitoring costs of activities provided by outsiders,Tight control of production costs and overhead,Cost Leadership,Business Level Strategy,Primary Activities,Support,Activities,Technological Development,Human Resource Management,Firm Infrastructure,Procurement,Inbound,Logistics,Operations,Outbound,Logistics,Marketing,&Sales,Service,MARGIN,MARGIN,Value Creating Activities,Common to a,Cost Leadership,Business Level Strategy,Primary Activities,Support,Activities,Technological Development,Human Resource Management,Firm Infrastructure,Procurement,Inbound,Logistics,Operations,Outbound,Logistics,Marketing,&Sales,Service,MARGIN,MARGIN,Cost Effective MIS Systems,Relatively Few Management Layers to Reduce Overhead,Simplified Planning Practices to Reduce Planning Costs,Consistent Policies to Reduce Turnover Costs,Effective Training Programs to Improve Worker Efficiency and Effectiveness,Highly Efficient Systems to Link Suppliers Products with the Firms Production Processes,Timing of Asset Purchases,Efficient Plant Scale to Minimize Manufacturing Costs,Selection of Low Cost Transport Carriers,Delivery Schedule that Reduces Costs,National Scale Advertising,Products Priced to Generate Sales Volume,Small,Highly Trained Sales Force,Effective Product Installations to Reduce Frequency and Severity,of Recalls,Easy-to-Use Manufacturing Technologies,Investments in Technology in order to Reduce Costs Associated with Manufacturing Processes,Systems and Procedures to find the Lowest Cost Products to Purchase Raw Materials,Frequent Evaluation Processes to Monitor Suppliers Performances,Located in Close Proximity with Suppliers,Policy Choice of Plant Technology,Organizational Learning,Efficient Order Sizes,Interrelationships with Sister Units,Value Creating Activities,Common to a,Cost Leadership,Business Level Strategy,How to Obtain a Cost Advantage,1.Determine and Control Cost Drivers,2.Reconfigure the,Value Chain,as needed,Alter production process,Change in automation,New distribution channel,Direct sales in place of indirect sales,New advertising media,New raw material,Backward integration,Forward integration,Change location relative to suppliers or buyers,Reconfiguring the Value Chain,of Iowa Beef Packers(IBP),Ranch Cattle,Ship“on the Hoof”to Rail Center(Chicago),Slaughter into sides of beef,“Boxed Cuts”at Markets,Old,Way:,Save on shipping and cattle weight loss,Utilize cheaper non-union rural labor,New,Way,New,Way:,Locate large automated plants near ranches,Process into“Boxed Cuts”at plants,Ship cuts already“Boxed”to Markets,Choices That Drive Costs,Economies of scale,Asset utilization,Capacity utilization pattern,Value chain linkages,Interrelationships,-Advertising&Sales,-Logistics&Operations,-Seasonal,cyclical,-Order processing,and distribution,Product features,Product features,Performance,Mix&variety of products,Service levels,Small vs.large buyers,Process technology,Wage levels,Hiring,training,motivation,Three Key Questions,2.,How can a group of linked value activities be regrouped or reordered?,3.,How might coalitions with other firms lower or eliminate costs?,Gallo sold wine through grocery stores rather than liquor stores because they were more efficient distributors,1.,How can an activity be performed differently or even eliminated?,Effective,Cost Leaders,can remain profitable even